The compatibility of polyether block amide (PEBA) and polyurethane (PU) was investigated with the calculation of their Flory-Huggins interaction parameter.The results showed that PEBA and PU are compatible at different content of PEBA.Then, PEBA-PU blend membranes were prepared.Scanning electron microscopic characterization showed that the blend membranes were dense and applicable for pervaporation.The swelling degree of the blend membrane increased with the phenol concentration, which suggested that the blend membrane has preferential permeation for phenol.Pervaporation experiments showed that the separation factor of blend membranes had been enhanced.When the blend membrane with 50 wt% PEBA content is used to separate 0.1 wt% phenol aqueous solutions at 308.15 K, the separation factor (phenol to water) is 9.7 and the permeation flux is 84.1 g m -2 h -1 .

Gamma-AlON: 0.2Eu2+, Tb3+ phosphors were firstly synthesized via a high temperature solid-state reaction. For the phosphors, luminescence properties as well as energy transfer mechanism were investigated in detail. The energy transfer from Eu2+ to Tb3+ in the γ-AlON host was ascribed to the dipole-dipole mechanism, and the efficiency and critical distance in the energy transfer process were also estimated. γ-AlON: 0.2Eu2+, Tb3+ phosphors showed a broad-band emission centered at about 405 nm and other several emission peaks, which were assigned to the 5d–4f transition of Eu2+ ions and the 5D4–7FJ (J = 6, 5, 4, and 3) characteristic transitions of Tb3+ ions, respectively. The results indicated that γ-AlON: 0.2Eu2+, Tb3+ phosphors have great potential application in white light-emitting diodes due to its broad-band excitation in the ultraviolet range and the high-efficient green light emission.

The portable shelter which mainly contained the foam of Polystyrene(PS) should be recycled after earthquake.In order to make the recycled polystyrene(rPS) useful,rPS was toughened with ethylene-octylene copolymer thermoplastic elastomer(POE) and high-density polyethylene(HDPE),and compatibilized with styrene-butadiene-styrene copolymer(SBS) to enhance its toughness.The prepared blend showed an impact strength of 12.6 kJ /m2 and a tensile strength of 25.2 MPa,which can be well used to substitute HIPS since this system is economical and environmental friendly.The properties of composite for UV ageing resistance and thermal and oxygenic ageing resistance were both improved after the addition of complex ageing resistance agent,which will prolong the using time of the composite parts.

Blends of polystyrene (PS) and polypropylene (PP) were prepared through melt compounding. With an increase of PS content up to 30 wt%, the tensile strength of PP/PS blends increased from 37.4 MPa to 42.2 MPa, although the blends were widely regarded as immiscible. The DSC results showed that there's slight decrease in melting temperature of PP, showing insufficient evidence for partial compatibility between PP and PS. Almost no variation of distinct characterization peaks were observed in FTIR spectra of PS/PP blends compared with those of neat PP and PS, indicating there is no chemical interactions between PP and PS. Since the morphology investigation showed a droplet structure as PS content was up to 30 wt%, the improvement of tensile strength could be simply considered as due to the reinforcing effect of dispersed rigid PS particles on the PP, combining with partial compatibility between them as evaluated by change of C p at glass transition for both PS and PP. More interestingly, DSC and DMA results showed that the blending of PS and PP could lead to a substantial decrease of the glass transition temperature (T g) of PP, and increase of T g of PS. The annealing experiment was carried out to understand the change of T g in PP/PS blends. It is believed that the compressive stress generated by the contracting PP should be the dominant mechanism for the T g elevation of PS. On the other hand, the T g decrease of PP is likely owing to the creation of a large amount free interface of PP and the dilatation of the PP phase resulting from the corresponding tension exerted by PS during cooling.

Unique self-assembly behavior of novel nontoxic gemini cationic biodegradable multiblock poly(epsilon-caprolactone urethane)s which contain both gemini quaternary ammonium and PEG groups is firstly reported. The micellar size, size distributions, zeta potential, CMC and K-v could be well-tailored for application in drug and gene delivery.

Since planar graphics can not meet the needs of precisely reflecting real spatial relationship between pipelines, it is necessary to build a 3D visualization system of urban pipe network. 3D spatial data model is the basis of data representation and spatial visualization. Based on the analysis of the features of urban pipe network and the requirements of the 3D model, a spatial data model for urban pipe network visualization system (UPNVS) is designed and organized by spatial metadata. The advantage of the spatial metadata is discussed in the paper. The application of the model in a real project shows that it is effective.

This paper studies the functional services of the 3D visualization of urban pipe network (UPN). In accordance with the characteristics of the UPN and its demands for 3D visualization. The division of the visualization services of the 3D visualization of UPN is researched, then a structure of services division named service stack is propose in this paper, which is applicable to the 3D visualization of UPN. The service stack provides a unified standard for the development of the 3D visualization of UPN, simplifies the process of the system development, and provides the system with good compatibility, scalability and reusability. Key technologies about the service stack are also discussed in this paper. Finally, based on the service stack, a prototype of urban pipe network 3D visualization system is implemented.

Novel cationic biodegradable multiblock poly(epsilon-caprolactone urethane)s that contain gemini quaternary ammonium side groups on the hard segments were developed. To obtain these polyurethanes, a new L-lysine-derivatized diamine containing gemini quaternary ammonium side groups (GA8) was first synthesized and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectra (NMR), mass spectrometry (MS), and high-resolution mass spectra (HRMS). Then a series of gemini poly(epsilon-caprolactone urethane)s were designed and prepared using L-lysine ethyl ester diisocyanate (LDI), poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) diols, 1,4-butandiol (BDO), and GA8 and were terminated by methoxyl-poly(ethylene glycol) (m-PEG). The obtained polyurethanes were fully characterized by (1)H NMR, gel permeation chromatograph (GPC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), FTIR, and water contact angle (WCA) measurement. The gemini polyurethane shows a rapid rate of hydrolytic and enzymatic degradation, as demonstrated by weight loss and polarizing light microscopy (PLM) observations. In vitro cytotoxicity analysis suggests that both the polyurethanes and their degradation products do not show significant inhibition effect against fibroblasts. Our work provides a new way to synthesize nontoxic and amphiphilic multiblock polyurethanes with rapid degradation rate, and these new materials could be good candidates as biodegradable carriers for drug and gene delivery.

Urban pipe network pipelines are criss-crossing and have 3D (three-dimension) distribution. Plenty of attribute information and spatial data are involved. In order to display it in a more intuitive way, UPNVS (urban pipe network visualization system) is designed. The Thematic Maps service is a part of it. In this paper, we propose the Thematic Maps service, upload and edit data service, information attention service and 3D viewing service. While 3D display service concentrates on displaying simple map and unique value map. It implements the transit from 2D thematic maps to 3D and reflects the different property values of pipelines with different colors. This application enhances Thematic Maps service lively and visibility. Finally, we plug it to our UPNVS which can show the patterns and trends easily and provide the information for decision-making. At the same time, the results can also be applied to other visualization system and 3D thematic maps.

The recycled polystyrene (rPS) was toughened with ethylene-octylene copolymer thermoplastic elastomer (POE) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) with various melt flow index (MFI), compatibilized by styrene-butadiene-styrene copolymer (SBS) to enhance the toughness of rPS for use as TV backset. The rPS/POE binary blends exhibited an increased impact strength with 5-10 wt % POE content followed by a decrease with the POE content up to 20 wt %, which could be due to poor compatibility between POE and rPS. For rPS/POE/Sl3S ternary blends with 20 wt % of POE content, the impact strength increased dramatically and a sharp brittle-ductile transition was observed as the SBS content was around 3-5 wt %. Rheological study indicated a possible formation of network structure by adding of SBS, which could be a new mechanism for rPS toughening. In rPS/POE/HDPE/SBS (70/20/5/5) quaternary blends, a fibril-like structure was observed as the molecular weight of HDPE was higher (with lower MR). The presence of HDPE fibers in the blends could not enhance the network structure, but could stop the crack propagation during fracture process, resulting in a further increase of the toughness. The prefared quaternary blend showed an impact strength of 9.3 kJ/m(2) and a tensile strength of 25 MPa, which can be well used for TV backset to substitute HIPS because this system is economical and environmental friendly. (c) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 109: 3725-3732,2008

The fractionated crystallization behavior of the minor dispersed HDPE phase in PS/POE/HDPE/SBS quaternary blends was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Interestingly, we found that the fractionated crystallization behavior of HDPE was molecular weight dependent. At a fixed composition, HDPE with lower molecular weight showed more obvious fractionated crystallization behavior than HDPE with higher molecular weight. This was ascribed to a finer dispersion of HDPE with lower molecular weight, as evidenced by SEM observations. The fractionated crystallization behavior of HDPE in the blends became less obvious with increasing of its content, due to a change of phase morphology from droplet to co-continuous structure. Correspondingly, a change of tensile toughness of the blends from brittle to ductile mode was observed.

The present situation of the reuse and recovery of waste plastics are reviewed,including the reuse and recovery of waste polyolefine,polystyrene,poly(ethylene terephthalate)and their blends,putting stress on the recovery by chemical method and modification.