Superlubricity, characterized by nearly vanished friction, has the great potential to significantly enhance the lubrication capabilities of self-lubricating coatings and their operational lifespan. In this work, commercial polyalphaolefin oil has been encapsulated within polystyrene shell for microcapsules synthesize, which have been further introduced into a specially designed "soft" and "hard" polysiloxane/Ti3C2Tx nanocomposite coating. The tribological test results show that the prepared composite coating displays a remarkable synergistic lubrication effect, achieving nearly superlow friction of 0.016 and an ultralow wear rate of 1.9 x 10- 8 mm3/N & sdot;m simultaneously. The comprehensive mechanism analysis indicates that the extraordinary superlubrication effect is derived from the desirable mechanical properties of the polysiloxane/Ti3C2Tx nanocomposite coating and the favorable liquid lubrication effect of embedded oil microcapsules, wherein the former could enhance the conformity of surface morphology when the mating surfaces are in contact, thereby facilitating the formation of numerous microchannels; in the meanwhile, the latter could be friction-induced ruptured and then release oil molecules at the friction interface, adsorbing to the coating surface and forming an effective boundary- lubricating oil film. As a result, a remarkable synergistic lubrication effect could be created to significantly enhance the lubrication effect. It could be anticipated that this finding could expedite a broader utilization of self-lubricating coatings and superlubricity technology in the practical industrial sectors.

We report on radio observations of four magnetars SGR 0501+4516, Swift 1834.9–0846, 1E 1841–045, SGR 1900+14, and a magnetar-like pulsar PSR J1846–0258 with the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope at 1250 MHz. Notably, PSR J1846–0258 was observed 1 month after its 2020 X-ray outburst. The data from these observations were searched for periodic emissions and single pulses. No radio emission was detected for any of our targets. After accounting for the effect of red noise, the nondetections yield stringent upper limits on the radio flux density, with S _1250 ≤ 16.9 μ Jy for the four magnetars and the magnetar-like pulsar, along with constraints on single-pulse flux densities. Our deep radio observations suggest that these magnetars and the magnetar-like pulsar are indeed radio-quiet sources or unfavorably beamed. The resulting flux upper limits, along with previous findings, are discussed, highlighting the significance of further radio observations of radio-quiet magnetars and the high-B magnetar-like pulsar.

Pile group-cap structures are vital in offshore platforms, with pile caps experiencing complex hydrodynamic loads influenced by pile groups and wave conditions. These loads significantly impact the structural stability and hydrodynamic performance of the cap. This study investigates the effects of pile groups, pile spacing, and hydrodynamic conditions on pressure distributions and horizontal forces. Experiments were conducted in a 7.5 m x 1.5 m rectangular wave flume using a pile group-cap structure consisting of a square pile cap and four cylindrical piles. The experiments analyze vertical and lateral pressure distributions and horizontal resultant forces under varying wave board speeds, water depths and structural configurations. Results show that smaller pile spacing increases vertical pressure by up to 19.8% at mid-cap heights on the wave-facing side, while larger spacing raises wave-back pressures by 12.5%, particularly in deeper water. Lateral pressure distribution varies with pile spacing, with closer spacing concentrating pressure at inner positions and wider spacing amplifying outer pressures. Horizontal forces differ significantly, with pile groups amplifying wave-facing forces by 48.24% and reducing wave-back forces by 46.34% compared to a solo cap. These findings underscore the need for optimized pile spacing and reinforcement to enhance load distribution and resilience offshore.

Utilizing the databases from the European Pulsar Network (EPN), the Australia Telescope National Facility (ATNF), and published literature data, a geometric method was used to investigate the multifrequency emission altitude of 104 pulsars. We found that the evolution of emission altitudes with frequency for the majority of pulsars can be fitted using a power-law function with a normalization constant. In this work, it is found that the frequency evolution of pulsar emission altitude can be divided into three groups according to their different frequency dependencies of emission altitude (emission altitude decreases with frequency (Group A, η≤−0.1), keeps relatively constant with frequency (Group B, −0.1<η≤0.1), and increases with frequency (Group C, η≥0.1)), where η is the emission altitude variation rate. We also computed the emission altitudes across multiple frequency bands for these pulsars, thereby estimating the approximate range of the pulsar emission regions. We found that most pulsar emissions occur at altitudes of tens to hundreds of kilometers above the polar cap, with differences in emission altitude between the three groups becoming more clear at lower frequencies.

In this study, a novel approach, double enzyme-enhanced microbial-induced carbonate precipitation (E-MICP), was proposed to enhance the bioconsolidation efficiency of sandy soil. The results demonstrated that, compared to traditional bioconjugation techniques, the soil bioconsolidation rate, unconfined compressive strength (UCS), and CaCO3 content increased by 5.89, 2.76, and 2.1 times, respectively, following E-MICP treatment. Microscopic characterization revealed that E-MICP facilitated the formation of various cementation structures, which accelerated the precipitation of amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) and the dehydrogenation of hydrated ACC. The strong chemical bonding of Si-O-Ca and intermolecular hydrogen bonding formed at the interface between sand particles and CaCO3 were identified as key factors contributing to the enhanced bioconjugation performance of E-MICP. This novel E-MICP process overcomes the limitations of traditional bioconjugation methods. The findings of this study offer a theoretical foundation and innovative perspectives for the ecological management of sandy soil.

Using the observation data of Parkes 64 m radio telescope at a central frequency of 1369 MHz, the pulse nulling phenomenon of PSR J1701–3726 was analyzed. It is found that the pulse nulling phenomenon of this pulsar has quasi-periodic, and the quasi-period value approximately is 81.25P, where P is the rotation period, and the pulse nulling ratio NF (Nulling Fraction) is calculated to be 27%±0.97%. Further study on the change of relative energy in the on-pulse region over time shows that there are four different switching modes a, b, c, and d between null state and burst state, among which mode a occurs 23 times, mode b occurs 6 times, mode c occurs 5 times, and mode d occurs 79 times, indicating that there may be some randomness in state transitions.

We present the discovery and timing results for 15 pulsars discovered in a high-Galactic-latitude survey conducted with the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope. The survey targeted a region as close as possible to the Galactic center, encompassing an area near the Galactic bulge. The newly discovered pulsars consist of 11 normal pulsars and four millisecond pulsars (MSPs). Among the MSPs, three are identified in binary systems with orbital periods of ∼3.1, 4.6, and 12.5 days, respectively. We have successfully obtained coherent timing solutions for three of the normal pulsars (PSRs J1745−0059, J1746−0156, and J1800−0059). Furthermore, within our data set, we found that four pulsars (three new and one known) show mode-changing and/or subpulse-drifting phenomena. Comparing our discoveries with simulations of the Galactic disk and bulge MSP populations indicates that these new pulsars are most likely located in the disk. Nonetheless, our discoveries demonstrate that deep surveys at high Galactic latitudes have significant potential to enhance our understanding of the MSP population in the direction of the bulge.

Polymeric fluorinated nanoparticles (PFNPs) are useful materials in many applications, especially in the field of 19F magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Despite the development of numerous PFNPs with diverse chemical compositions and structures, those with high fluorine content and capable of highly sensitive 19F MRI remain scarce. Here we report an elegantly designed aqueous photo-polymerization-induced self-assembly (photo-PISA) system for the synthesis of PFNPs with high fluorine content for effective 19F MRI applications. This innovative photo-PISA system is enabled by two analogous fluorinated monomers, allowing efficient production of PFNPs with different morphologies and high fluorine content (25 wt %) in aqueous solution. These PFNPs exhibit favorable 19F MRI properties and morphology-dependent biological behavior, and have potential as advanced polymeric nanomaterials for imaging and drug delivery applications.

The single pulses of PSR J1921+1419 were examined in detail using high-sensitivity observations from the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) at a central frequency of 1250 MHz. The high-sensitivity observations indicate that the pulsar exhibits two distinct emission modes, which are classified as strong and weak modes based on the intensity of the single pulses. In our observations, the times spent in both modes are nearly equal, and each is about half of the total observation time. The minimum duration of both modes is $1\,P$ and the maximum duration is $13\,P$ , where P is the pulsar spin period. Additionally, the mean intensity of the weak mode is less than half of that of the strong mode. Notably, the switching between these modes demonstrates a clear quasi-periodicity with a modulation period of approximately $10 \pm 2\,P$ . An analysis of the polarisation properties of both modes indicates that they originate from the same region within the magnetosphere of the pulsar. Finally, the viewing geometry was analysed based on the kinematical effects.

Sludge composting is widely used in the ecological restoration of mining areas, but the weathering mechanism of Fe-bearing minerals in during bioremediation remains unclear. Therefore, we studied via Illumina PE150 (2 × 150) high-throughput sequencing and various microspectroscopic analyses. The results showed that sludge composting reduced the pH of Fe-ore tailings from 8.85 to 7.50, increased the nutrient content of the tailings by 42.04%–69.02%, increased the nutrient content of Alfalfa planted in sludge-treated tailings by 41.70%–60.76%. The increased nutrients contributed to a 0.10%–0.61% increase in the abundance of genes involved in biological denitrification and a 0.01%–14.50% increase in the abundance of Fe-oxidizing bacteria in Fe-ore tailings. Biological denitrification promotes Fe(II) oxidation. Synchrotron-radiation spectroscopy results reveal a decrease in the primary minerals by 3.03%–14.80% and an increase in the secondary minerals by 10.10%. These results demonstrate that Fe–N coupling drives the weathering of Fe-bearing minerals.

A highly active CaMnO3 perovskite catalyst (CMO-H) was fabricated for NO oxidation, a key reaction in the control of NOx emissions from mobile and stationary sources, by tuning the average oxidation state of Mn on the surface via acid-initiated Mn disproportionation. In-depth structure-performance investigations suggest that an increased abundance of surface Mn4+ on CMO-H is responsible for its high activity. Doping with a tiny amount of Pd promoted the formation of reactive oxygen species on the CMO-H surface, leading to a further increase of NO oxidation activity which was largely sustained even in the presence of CO and hydrocarbons. Strikingly, an increased SO2-resistance was achieved over the Pd-doped CMO-H, due to an alleviation of surface sulfate formation by Pd. Our study sheds new lights on the rational fabrication of active, poisoning-resistant and cost-effective oxide catalysts for NO oxidation, which is an important reaction in various environmental and industrial applications.

We have carried out a detailed analysis of PSR J1735−0243 with the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope at 1250 MHz. We found that this pulsar shows obvious mode changing, with approximately 82% in the normal mode and approximately 18% in the abnormal mode. The two modes differ not only in their integrated pulse profiles but also in their polarization properties. Further analyses suggest that the emission from the normal mode may originate from a higher height than the abnormal mode. Additionally, we found that the radio emission beam consists of four emission components, including a core component and three cone components. The tertiary cone component, which has the highest emission height, is present in both emission modes. Finally, the results shown that the radio emission of PSR J1735−0243 may have been generated in the core gap region.

ZhangTouHong (ZTH), a highly valuable edible-medicinal resource rich in bioactive flavonoids, has little been studied in terms of its chemical composition and biological activities. In this work, a process was developed for the preparation of flavonoid multi-components (FMCs) from ZTH, which showed high efficiency and specificity and a 4.62-fold increased total flavonoid content. Based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and molecular networks, the FMCs in ZTH were identified for the first time, with a total of 48 flavonoid compounds, including 3 potential new compounds. Moreover, the results of anti-aging activity tests demonstrated that the FMCs have excellent antioxidant activity and anti-aging capacity, extending the lifespan of nematodes by 21.65% and the survival time of oxidative stress in nematodes by 35.71%. In summary, this study established an efficient and scalable process for the preparation of bioactive flavonoid components and, for the first time, verified the anti-aging effect of ZTH FMCs, providing the scientific basis for the deep development and industrial application of this characteristic citrus resource.

As the foundation of marine infrastructure, pile groups are subjected to extreme wave loads. Existing research primarily focuses on regular waves and wave forces. There is limited research on the pressure distribution of pile bodies under extreme waves. This paper describes a wave flume experiment where waves of a self-proposed extreme wave type were generated. The experiment considers three water depths (25/35/45 cm), three wave-pushing velocities (20/30/40 cm/s), and two clear distances (D, 2D). A total of 216 measuring points equipped with digital pressure sensors captured the vertical and circumferential pressure distribution and wave positive force. The results show that (1) the vertical and circumferential pressure distribution patterns of each component pile and the single pile are similar in various loading scenarios and clear distances. (2) The measuring point pressure, pressure after circumferential integration, and wave positive force are positively correlated with wave-pushing velocity. (3) The wave pressure is positively correlated with the water depth, while the pressure after circumferential integration is negatively correlated with the water depth. (4) When the clear distance is D, the wave positive force coefficient of each component pile is less than 1.0.

Objective To analyze the expression level and clinical significance of fatty acid synthase (FASN) in cervical cancer (CC) tissues using bioinformatics methods and immunohistochemical analysis. Methods RNA sequencing data and clinical information of CC patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. FASN expression data were extracted using R4.2.2. Subsequently, taking into account the clinical characteristics of the patients, the study explored the expression levels of FASN in CC tissues, their correlation with clinical features, and the prognosis of the patient. Additionally, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was employed to identify the biological functions and signaling pathways associated with FASN. Finally, the expression of FASN in CC tissues was validated through immunohistochemical experiments, and the correlation between immunohistochemistry (IHC) scores of FASN expression and clinical features was analyzed. Results (1) Both the TCGA database and the clinical specimens from this study verified that FASN was highly expressed in CC tissues compared to paracancerous tissues (P<0.001, P=0.028 5). Moreover, FASN expression was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and pathological grading (P<0.001, P=0.029; P=0.012, P=0.047). (2) Both overall survival and progression-free survival were significantly shorter in CC patients with higher levels of FASN expression (P<0.001, P<0.001). (3) The body mass index (BMI) was notably higher in CC patients with high FASN IHC scores compared to those with low scores (P<0.001). (4) The human papillomavirus (HPV) infection status significantly varied between high and low IHC FASN expression (P<0.001). (5) Genes from CC patients with high FASN expression were enriched in regulatory pathways including cancer pathways, extracellular matrixreceptor interactions, nitrogen metabolism, melanoma, and actin cytoskeleton. Conclusion FASN exhibited high expression levels in CC tissues and demonstrated correlations with lymph node metastasis, pathological grade, HPV infection status, BMI, and poor prognosis. Consequently, These associations indicate its potential as a promising biomarker and therapeutic target for the diagnosis of CC.

In the context of the increasing scale of bridges and the increasing service life of bridges, it is very important to carry out efficient, accurate and intelligent bridge operation and maintenance. In recent years, advanced equipment, technology and intelligent algorithms have developed rapidly. It is necessary to apply advanced equipment and algorithms to bridge operation and maintenance business to facilitate the digitalization and intelligence of bridge operation and maintenance. To grasp the research progress on the bridge intelligent operation and maintenance, this paper summarizes the research progress in recent years from the aspects of intelligent detection equipment and technology, intelligent monitoring equipment and technology, intelligent data analysis, intelligent evaluation and early warning, and intelligent repair and maintenance. According to the review, more and more smart devices have been used to replace human beings to detect dangerous and hidden bridge components. At the same time, image processing, radar and other technologies have been used to analyze component damage more objectively and quantitatively. To solve the shortcomings of traditional sensors such as short life and low robustness, more non-contact measurement methods have been proposed. Scholars have proposed various intelligent algorithms to process the massive amount of bridge health monitoring data to improve the quality of the data. To achieve the rapid perception of bridge status and timely early warning of structural abnormalities, different from traditional theoretical calculations, scholars have tried to use data-driven methods to intelligently evaluate and early warning of bridge structural status. In terms of intelligent repair and maintenance, more intelligent algorithms have been used to optimize structural maintenance strategies and determine the best maintenance time by integrating multi-source heterogeneous data. All these provide strong support for the automation, digitization and intelligence of bridge operation and maintenance.

Microbial induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) technology is an effective method for immobilization of heavy metals in tailings. However, how to sustainably improve the removal of contaminants and the carbon capture capacity of tailings is a current concern. In this study, montmorillonite-coupled MICP (Mt-MICP) process is proposed to solidify cyanide tailings by improving mineralization properties, heavy metal and cyanide removal, and carbon capture. The results showed that Mt -MICP increased the amount of mineralized precipitation by 0.16-1.33 times; Total cyanide (T-CN) and free cyanide (F-CN) concentrations were reduced by 82.00 and 97.14 %, respectively; Cr, Zn, Cu and Pb leaching concentrations were reduced by 87.18, 42.85, 60.56 and 88.79 %, respectively. Characterizations results such as X-computed tomography (X-CT) confirmed that Mt enhanced the uniformity of the bio-cementation. Furthermore, the Mt-MICP process increased CO2 capture from tailings by 27.15 similar to 34.55 %. Density Functional Theory (DFT) and thermogravimetry (TG) showed that Mt increased the adsorption energy of tailings for CO2 and was converted to CaCO3 by urea catalysis. This work provided new insights into the harmless treatment of CT and microbial carbon capture.

Background: Most tumor tissues expressed spindle pole body component 25 (SPC25), one of the four subunits of the NDC80 complex, at greater levels compared to surrounding normal tissues. According to earlier researches, this subunit strongly encouraged tumor cell proliferation and tumor growth, which resulted in worse prognoses in patients with hepatocellular, breast, lung, and prostate cancer. Precisely because SPC25’s role in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) is understudied, we chose to concentrate on UCEC for gaining a more scientific and thorough understanding of SPC25. Methods: Along with examining SPC25’s differential expression, prognostic significance, and biological function in UCEC, our research sought to clarify the underlying mechanism by which SPC25 influences the course of UCEC and patient prognosis from the viewpoints of methylation and immune infiltration. Results: We observed differential expression of SPC25 gene in different clinicopathological features of UCEC and identified SPC25 as a hazard factor for poorer overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and progress free interval (PFI) in UCEC, particularly in its multiple clinical subtypes. In addition, we also discovered that SPC25 and its co-expressed genes mostly engaged in biological processes and signal transduction routes linked to cell cycle and cell division in UCEC. After investigating SPC25’s methylation status, we discovered that patients with UCEC had elevated SPC25 expression and a poor prognosis due to hypomethylation of CpG sites in the SPC25 gene sequence. Finally, we investigated SPC25’s potential role in immunotherapy and discovered that SPC25 might alter the major immune cell infiltration levels in the tumor microenvironment (TME) by regulating the expression of immunoregulatory molecules and chemokines, which would be beneficial for SPC25 to control the progression of UCEC. Conclusions: In conclusion, SPC25 was a useful predictive biomarker as well as a possible therapeutic target for UCEC.

Selective dissolution is highly promising for tailoring the structures and functions of metal oxides toward various applications. Here, we demonstrate a successful fabrication of porous γ-MnO2 by selectively dissolving Ca in a CaMnO3 perovskite (CMO) via dilute HNO3 treatment. The perovskite-derived γ-MnO2 (denoted as CMO-72h) outperformed drastically the pristine CaMnO3 and a commercial γ-MnO2 in the catalytic oxidation of NH3 and NO, two representative gaseous pollutants in the atmosphere. Physicochemical characterization by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and temperature-programmed techniques (including H2-TPR, O2-TPD and NH3-TPD) suggests that the excellent catalytic performance of CMO-72h is associated with its low–temperature reducibility and abundant surface–active oxygen species. Specifically, acid treatment led to the oxidation of Mn3+ to Mn4+ on the surface, increasing significantly the Mn4+/Mn3+ ratio from 0.76 (for CMO) to 1.45 (for CMO-72h) and, meanwhile, generating additional surface oxygen vacancies. As a result, O2 molecules can be easily adsorbed and activated on the CMO-72h, leading to improved performance in NH3 and NO oxidation. This study may offer new opportunities in the synthesis of high-performance Mn oxide catalysts for environmental applications.

We report the nulling and subpulse-drifting properties of PSR J1649+2533 with observations of the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST). The FAST observations reveal that the nulling fraction of this pulsar is about 20.9% ± 0.8% at 1250 MHz. The statistical study of the durations of the nulling and burst states shows that the burst states can persist for extended pulse periods, exceeding 100 periods in some cases, while the shortest lasts only a few pulse periods. The null states have a much shorter duration, with a maximum duration of less than 30 pulse periods. A comparative study between the pulse profiles of the first active pulse (FAP) and the last active pulse (LAP) shows that the pulse profiles of LAPs are stronger and wider than those of FAPs. An analysis of the two-dimensional fluctuation spectrum for the single-pulse stack indicates that the pulsar exhibits clear amplitude modulation and subpulse drifting. The periods are a P _3 = 2.5 ± 0.1 spin period and P _2 = 17.°0 ± 0.°5 at 1250 MHz, respectively. In addition, the multiband investigation shows that P _2 seems to increase with the increase of the observing frequency, i.e., P _2 ∝ ν ^0.8±0.1 . This seems to be caused by the increasing pulse-profile width with the frequency. The high-sensitivity FAST observations will enable a detailed understanding of the emission of this pulsar and provide important clues for theoretical studies of the radiation mechanism.