This study introduces a combined heat and power (CHP) system primarily based on proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells, which can provide electricity and heat for residential buildings in the East China region under two operating strategies. The analysis and discussion focus on the impact of parameters such as current density and gas inlet pressure on the system's output power and efficiency. The results indicate that excessively high current density decreases the system's electricity generation efficiency, while a moderate increase in hydrogen inlet pressure contributes to greater heat generation. Considering energy, economic, and environmental factors, the system operates with the thermal-led strategy in parallel with the grid, resulting in a substantial 73.3 % reduction in fuel costs. The annual greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the amount of emission reduction are lowered to 6.96 x 107 g and 3.39 x 107 g, respectively.

In order to promote the sustainable development of green energy, this study developed a hybrid combined cooling, heating and power system primarily consisting of proton exchange membrane fuel cells and an adsorption chiller. The system is designed to provide both power generation and heating, while also offering cooling capabilities. Initially, the models of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack and adsorption chiller were rigorously validated against experimental data, showcasing remarkable consistency with discrepancies below 3.5 %. Subsequently, the investigation delved into the influence of operational parameters for the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack and adsorption chiller on various performance. These metrics encompassed energy efficiency, exergy efficiency, annual costs, and annual greenhouse gas reduction. Finally, the NSGA-II optimization algorithm was employed to perform multi-objective optimization on the system. The outcomes demonstrated that, in comparison to the initial configuration, the optimized system achieved a 22.51 % reduction in annual greenhouse gas emissions, while simultaneously enhancing energy efficiency by 14.72 %, exergy efficiency by 0.34%, cooling power by 3.14%, and heating power by 42.63 %. Moreover, the annual cost experienced a substantial decrease of 69.86 %.

A combined heat and power system (CHPs) using proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) as its primary energy output device is an attractive option due to its high electrical generation efficiency and low heat-to-power ratio. A hybrid PEMFC-based CHPs (PEMFCCHPs) has been designed to provide both electricity and heat for a hydrogen high-speed service area. A comprehensive model of the system has been established and validated to analyze the impacts of key parameters such as PEMFC current density and anode hydrogen inlet pressure on the performance of hybrid PEMFC-CHPs. Evaluate and analyze the system from the perspectives of exergy, energy, and economy. The findings indicate that by fulfilling the service area's load demand, the thermal-led strategy can effectively prevent a waste of 670 kW of heat energy daily but exhibits a power shortage of 573.8 kW.& COPY; 2023 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A series of CuMnOx catalysts were prepared the coprecipitation method to explore the effect of CO participation on NH3-SCR reaction. The result showed that the CM-3 sample reached 100% the conversion of CO and NO at a temperature lower than 175 ° C, this primarily occurs because the correct ratio of Cu and Mn is conducive to the formation of a solid solution, improves the synergy between Mn and Cu leads to stronger redox performance. Moreover, the interaction principle of CO participating in NH3-SCR reaction is thoroughly investigated through, in situ DRIFTS and DFT. First, NH3 has varying adsorption modes at different temperatures, at low temperatures, it predominantly combines with surface oxygen through hydrogen bonds; it is mainly a NH4+ species when it rises. Second, NH3 and CO compete for the same active center, which significantly affects the catalytic reaction on the sample surface. Further, it is confirmed that the deposition of CO32- is the main reason for the decline in of activity. Finally, the improvement in N2 selectivity in the reaction with CO participation is due to the N2O produced not being directly released, but being further reduced to N2 through species such as CO.

The immersion phase-change cooling technology utilizes the latent heat of the cooling liquid to dissipate heat by directly contacting the cooling liquid with the heat-generating electronic chip, which can meet the cooling requirements of current high heat flux density data centers. In this paper, the effect of different factors on the heat dissipation performance of immersion phase-change cooling technology was explored through numerical simulation. The results show that, under certain power conditions, the inlet temperature and flow rate of the cooling water in the condensation module, as well as the different arrangement of servers, have a significant impact on the heat dissipation performance of the entire system. The inlet water temperature mainly affects the chip temperature after stabilization. With the decrease in the inlet temperature, the chip surface temperature decreases significantly. The inlet water flow rate mainly affects the time required for the heat exchange to reach the desired temperature. With the increase in the inlet flow rate, the required cooling time is shortened. As the spacing between servers increases, the thermal safety and stability of the entire system increase. When the spacing between servers increases from 5 mm to 15 mm, the highest temperature and the temperature uniformity coefficient between the systems decrease significantly. When the spacing increases from 15 mm to 25 mm, the highest temperature and the temperature uniformity coefficient decrease slightly. These results can provide useful information for the designers of immersion phase-change cooling systems to improve the cooling efficiency of data centers, save energy, and ensure the safe operation of related computers, servers, and communication systems.

氢燃料电池能够将燃料的化学能直接转化为电能和热能,不需要热机过程,从根本上摆脱了卡诺循环限制.氢燃料电池反应产物仅为水,故因其节能环保和转换效率高引起了社会的广泛重视.本文首先对目前几种较为主流的氢燃料电池工作原理进行了介绍;随后详细综述了国内外氢燃料电池的发展现状及应用情况,通过对比分析得出了中国氢燃料电池产业的发展特点;最后提出了中国氢燃料电池产业存在和面临的主要问题,作为未来发展和后续研究的参考.

我国经济发展地域性差别较大,西部地区资源丰富,但经济不如东部地区,所产生的可再生能源不能完全就地消耗,需远距离外输.利用可再生能源发电是能源转化的方式之一,受季节和天气影响波动较大,所以可再生能源发电的电量难以准确预测,电网系统急需利用相应的储能技术和设施进行调峰,既可降低可再生能源的浪费,又可对电网系统进行调峰.利用氢、氨等化学能源与电力相互转化,从而使电力系统平稳运行达到储能调峰的目的.在电力充足时,剩余电力利用水电解制氢技术和合成氨技术储存,如果输出不足,储存的能量通过燃料电池和氢气发电返回输电网络.在碳中和、碳达峰背景下,阐述了新型电力系统中用于储能的氢和氨合成、利用相关技术,论述了氨用于运输、燃烧和燃料电池的优势及原理,得出氢、氨等资源在新型电力储能调峰系统中的高效、环保、经济性及新型电力系统的实用性.