Thin-film evaporation heat dissipation has been widely applied in microelectronic device cooling. In this paper, the dynamics of droplet evaporation on femtosecond-laser-processed mircohole arrays were investigated. Firstly, a femtosecond laser processing system was established. Subsequently, 3×3 arrays with triangular, circular, and square microstructures were designed and fabricated. The dynamistic evaporation processes of anhydrous ethanol on the microstructured arrays were systematically studied. The results indicate that, for microstructures with equivalent characteristic dimensions (i.g., side length of polygons and diameter of circles), an increase in microstructure area corresponds to a larger minimum effective radius and a shorter transient evaporation stage.This research presents a microfluidics-enabled solution for the sustained thermal management of microelectronic devices, demonstrating significant practical potential.

Dammann gratings are typical binary phase diffractive optical elements with broad application prospects in optical communications and laser parallel processing. In this paper, we propose a design method for three-dimensional nonorthogonal array light fields based on a Dammann grating splitter. Orthogonal and non-orthogonal arrays are first constructed by rotating and superimposing one-dimensional Dammann grating phase patterns. Subsequently, a Fresnel phase modulation is introduced to realize axial focal-plane shifting. By further combining two sets of holographic patterns through strip-segmentation integration and applying Debye vector diffraction theory for numerical simulations, a three-dimensional nonorthogonal Dammann array distribution is generated within a single coordinate system. This approach provides a flexible way to construct multilayer two-dimensional light field distributions in three-dimensional space, showing potential applications in high-speed parallel femtosecond laser micro-nano fabrication, three-dimensional optical field control, and optical micromanipulation.

This study proposes a highly stable and reproducible liquid metal-based flexible pressure sensor fabricated by femtosecond laser-induced wettability modification and develops a corresponding pressure detection system. By harnessing the unique properties of liquid metal and femtosecond laser processing, the sensor achieves changed interfacial adhesion and structural robustness. Experimental results demonstrate the sensor's superior stability (less than 5% variation over 10,000 cycles) and high sensitivity (0.7239 KPa−1within the 0–60 KPa range). The integrated system incorporates a high-precision measurement module utilizing an STM32WB55 dual-mode Bluetooth chip, enabling real-time wireless data acquisition and signal conditioning. To validate practical utility, a smart glove embedded with the sensor was developed, capable of detecting dynamic pressure distribution and enabling gesture recognition. This work provides a scalable strategy for next-generation wearable electronics and applications in human-machine interaction and healthcare monitoring.

Open microfluidic systems offer significant advantages, including the elimination of external pumps and facilitating fluid access at any point along the channel. However, their deployment in harsh environments is commonly compromised due to the delicate nature of hydrophilic chemical coatings and the vulnerability of open microchannels to clogging and contamination. Here, a bioinspired, demand-responsive mode-switchable strategy is proposed to enhance the mechanical durability of open microfluidic systems. Specifically, under harsh conditions or when long-term storage is necessary, this strategy allows the open microfluidic device to transition to a protective mode simply through releasing the strain, thereby preserving the integrity of the structure and hydrophilic coatings. The stretched open microfluidic mode enables spontaneous liquid spreading along a hydrophilic microchannel scribed by femtosecond laser. This mode-switchable strategy provides the open microfluidic device with robustness to maintain spontaneous liquid flow, even under severe testing conditions such as 2000 cycles of cotton swab rubbing, sand impact, sandpaper abrasion, tape peeling, twisting, and finger rubbing. A proof-of-concept application involving blood type analysis on this mode-switchable open microfluidic device showcases its superior mechanical durability under severe environmental conditions. The proposed strategy paves the way for the broader use of open microfluidic devices in various practical applications.

Flexible tactile sensors have received widespread attention in many potential applications such as intelligence robots, the Internet of Things, and various wearable devices. However, most structure‐enhanced devices are in single‐patterns with limited improvement of sensitivity and working range. Herein, a double‐layered capacitive tactile sensor (DLCTS) with hierarchical microcone arrays, which consists of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is reported. Relying on its intrinsic hierarchical framework and optimized CNTs/PDMS ratios, the DLCTS exhibits an ultrabroad working range of 0–1400 kPa and a high sensitivity of 0.082 kPa −1 . Moreover, this sensor shows favorable sensing performance with excellent durability (over 5500 cycles) and a fast response time (≈40 ms). Diverse powerful applications are demonstrated, including active monitoring of human elbow/knee flexion, respiratory state, walking mode, and convenient Morse code communication. It is envisioned that this sensor should be widely used in potential scenarios such as intelligent wearable devices and medical monitoring.

Flexible capacitive pressure sensors are optimal for wearable electronic equipment owing to their advantages of simplicity in architecture and low power consumption. However, fabricating a bionic flexible capacitive pressure sensor with high sensitivity and a wide dynamic range of detection is still a great challenge. In this article, we propose a flexible pressure sensor based on femtosecond laser ablation with a treefrog suckers bionic microstructure. The treefrog suckers capacitive pressure sensor (TSCPS) has high sensitivity (0-10 kPa, 0.0762 kPa -1 ), wide detection range (500 kPa), high repeatability (>12000 s at 10 kPa), and fast response time (62.5 ms). For practical applications, the TSCPS was positioned on the wrist, palm, and sole of the hand to detect the movements of each part accordingly. The experimental findings indicate that the TSCPS has broad promising applications in bionic wearable products such as human locomotion monitoring.

Fog water collection is the process of converting gaseous fog into liquid water, which has important research value. The control of condensation efficiency is crucial factor in the collection of fog water. Improving condensation efficiency is mainly related to the thickness of the boundary layer and effective renewal on the substrate surface. In this paper, inspired by the hack structure of desert beetles, a Janus film with hump structure on the surface of aluminum foil is prepared by femtosecond laser micro nano processing and surface chemical modification, which could achieve efficient droplet condensation. The experimental results show that compared with the flat Janus film, the water collection efficiency of the bumpy Janus film is increased by 80%. More importantly, the bumpy Janus film can capture a horizontal fog flow and adapts harsh natural environment.

针对制造车间环境需要同时控制不同种类的多台AGV协同工作的需求,设计了基于openTCS平台的车辆驱动和OPC-UA服务器模块,据此开发了符合需求的AGV监控与管理系统.车辆驱动模块借助于openTCS平台设计了AGV控制所需的自定义程序集,实现AGV与openTCS平台的交互;开发OPC-UA服务器,负责采集AGV参数数据,并实时将数据发送给openTCS处理.测试结果表明,该系统能够兼容多种类型AGV,可以完成对不同种类AGV的协同控制,具有较高的工程应用价值.

农村田间LED杀虫灯设备存在无人监管、难监管和维护等现实难题.对此,通过软硬件相结合的技术解决方案,设计并实现一款物联网杀虫灯远程状态监测与控制的原型系统.该系统具有杀虫灯电池装置自我保护和远程状态监控等应用功能,具有一定可参考性.

The shortage of freshwater is threatening sustainable economic development and ecological security worldwide. Janus membrane, as a highly efficient method to collect the invisible fog water in the wet environment, is still hindered by some inherent limitations: (1) poor condensation of fog droplets on the superhydrophobic side due to the ultralow adhesive force of droplets with substrate and (2) insufficient detachment of droplets from the superhydrophilic side in time, which hampers the continuous water transport in the micropores. Herein, inspired by the desert beetle's back with alternating hydrophobic/hydrophilic bumps and the cactus thorn with an asymmetric geometry, we design and fabricate a kind of hierarchical hydrophilic/hydrophobic/bumpy Janus (HHHBJ) membrane by femtosecond laser ablation on an aluminum membrane to achieve the self-driven fog collection, which achieves over 250% enhancement in the water collection efficiency over the conventional Janus membrane. Even when the mist flow is applied to the surface at an incident angle of 45°, the collection efficiency increases by 600%. The mechanism of the HHHBJ film with excellent fog collection efficiency is mainly related to the continuous efficient fog condensation on the top surface and droplet removal on the bottom surface in time. We believe the proposed multi-bioinspired HHHBJ film with droplet self-driven collection ability provides insights to conceive and construct a highly efficient fog collection system in broad fields.

Numerous studies have focused on designing and fabricating functional interfaces that control movement behavior of underwater gas bubbles, which are ubiquitous in a variety of natural and industrial settings. Nevertheless, developing surfaces with in situ tunable bubble movement remain elusive because of current complicated tuning strategies on the specific materials. Inspired by natural pitcher plant and rice leaves, here we report a kind of slippery lubricant-infused anisotropic microgrooved surface (SLI-AMGS) fabricated by femtosecond laser direct writing technology and realize the in situ reversible switching between underwater bubble sliding and pinning by unidirectional mechanical tensile strain. Different experimental parameters including lubricant oil film thickness, bubble volumes and laser power have been researched to manifest the relationship with bubble sliding behaviors. The underlying mechanism of in situ reversible switching mainly lies on the decrease of the lubricant oil film thickness during the process of mechanical stretching in which the uniform and stable oil film layer becomes uneven. This uneven lubricant oil film results in an extraordinary increase of contact angle hysteresis and resistance. At last, we demonstrate a real-time dynamic modulation of the underwater bubble on the SLI-AMGS with a changing mechanical tensile strain for several repeatable times in different acid-based environments. Our work manifests great potential applications in widespread fields including underwater bubble microfluidics and microbubble robots.

The on-demand manipulation of gas bubbles in aqueous ambient environments is fundamental to many fields such as microfluidics and biochemical microanalysis. However, most bubble manipulation strategies are limited to restricted locomotion on the confined surfaces without spatial convenience of transport. Herein, we report a kind of biomimetic bubble manipulator with mechanoswitchable interfaces (MSIs), featuring the advantages of parallel bubble control and spatial maneuvering flexibility. By the synergic action between Janus aluminum membrane and superaerophilic microfiber array, the gas-MSI interfacial adhesion can be reversibly switched to achieve capturing/releasing underwater bubbles. Moreover, the adhesion force of MSI can be readily tuned by diverse experimental parameters including surface roughness, fiber number, diameter, and spacing of the neighboring microfibers, which are further systematically investigated. Relying on this mobile platform, we demonstrate a series of powerful applications including bubble parallel control, bubble array regrouping, arbitrary bubble transport and even manipulating underwater solids through bubbles, which are otherwise challenging for conventional approaches. We envision that this versatile platform will bring new insights into potential applications, such as cross-species sample control and handheld gas microsyringe.

为了解决当前建筑施工企业面临的不能够对工期节点进行统一集中化管理和任务延期问题,设计并实现了建筑施工智能化监测预警管理系统.通过从需求分析和关键技术的实现、系统的整体架构、以及功能模块的实现等方面介绍了系统的设计思路和实现方法.经过试运行结果表明,通过对工期节点进行不同程度的预警,提高了企业作业效率和智能化管理水平.

In this work, we reported a new method for preparing microfluidic cloth-based analytical devices (mu CADs) by simple chemical treatment and laser scanning. The mechanism of creating superhydrophobic-superhydrophilic patterns in cloth surfaces was investigated. It showed that chemical treatment can cover the fiber surface with hydrophobic particles and induce the fiber into superhydrophobic state. And laser scanning can wipe off the hydrophobic particles, remove the wax on the fibers and ablate the fiber surface to add the roughness of the cloth, thus improving the hydrophility of the fibers. The parameters investigation showed that the best resolution of a hydrophilic microchannel was similar to 100 mu m. Also, due to the superhydrophilicity of the fibers, the wicking performance of the resulted cloth devices was much better than the original cloths. After that, 2D and 3D mu CADs were successfully designed and fabricated via this method. Finally, the mu CADs were utilized to achieve simple and rapid blood-typing analysis.

针对现有的桌面式AGV软件系统缺乏资源共享、难以维护、使用不便捷的问题,设计了一种基于Web应用程序的AGV实时状态监控与任务管理软件系统.本文在需求分析的基础上,规划出系统的核心业务逻辑,搭建了软硬件系统架构;系统服务端选用Java语言开发、Spring Boot作为开发框架,数据库使用MySQL,前端采用TypeScript语言和React框架开发,并通过WebSocket与浏览器保持长连接,使得用户可以实时监控AGV状态变化.通过测试与运行结果表明,该系统将车辆实时状态监控和任务管理有机结合,实现用户在Web应用程序上对AGV进行全程动态监管,有效解决AGV在复杂生产线运作而造成监控与管理不便的问题,具有良好的工程应用价值.

The flexible maneuvering of microliter liquid droplets is significant in both fundamental science and practical applications. However, most current strategies are limited to the rigid locomotion on confined geographies platforms, which greatly hinder their practical uses. Here, we propose a magnetism-actuated superhydrophobic flexible microclaw (MSFM) with hierarchical structures for water droplet manipulation. By virtue of precise femtosecond laser patterning on magnetism-responsive poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) films doped with carbonyl iron powder, this MSFM without chemical contamination exhibits powerful spatial droplet maneuvering advantages with fast response (<100 ms) and lossless water transport (∼50 cycles) in air. We further performed quantitative analysis of diverse experimental parameters including petal number, length, width, and iron element proportion in MSFM impacting the applicable maneuvering volumes. By coupling the advantages of spatial maneuverability and fast response into this versatile platform, typical unique applications are demonstrated such as programmable coalescence of droplets, collecting debris via droplets, tiny solid manipulation in aqueous severe environments, and harmless living creature control. We envision that this versatile MSFM should provide great potential for applications in microfluidics and cross-species robotics.

Herein, (super) hydrophobic/(super) hydrophilic aluminum membranes were fabricated by nanosecond fiber laser processing combined with surfactant control. Further, the wettability and fog collection characteristics of the fabricated (super) hydrophobic/(super) hydrophilic aluminum membranes were studied. First, a microporous array was fabricated on 35-p.m-thick aluminum foil using the nanosecond fiber laser drilling technology. Then, the bottom surface of the aluminum membrane was sprayed with Glaco coating reagent two-three times. Hydrophobic silica particles in the reagent adhered to the surface, thereby changing the wettability of the aluminum membrane surface. Finally, a (super) hydrophobic/(super) hydrophilic aluminum membrane was obtained using laser secondary scanning. The (super) hydrophobic/(super) hydrophilic aluminum membrane was examined for wettability, droplet penetration, and optimum fog collection aperture with varying pore sizes and the same through-hole quantity. Results showed that the pore size affected the wettability of aluminum membrane to water, infiltration time of water droplets, and function of fog collection in aluminum foil membranes with the same through-hole quantity. The optimal fog collection pore size of the synthesized (super) hydrophobic/(super) hydrophilic aluminum membrane was 108 mu m, and its fog collection amount was as high as approximately 31.3 times the lowest fog collection amount.

为改善以往图案化透镜加工工艺复杂、制造技术昂贵、图案设计方面有限制等缺点,本文将飞秒激光双光子聚合加工技术应用于图案化微透镜的快速、高精度加工。通过球面波因子的变形设计了不同图案的微透镜,利用飞秒激光双光子聚合加工技术在光刻胶样品中加工出图案化的微透镜,然后将光刻胶样品置于显影液中去除未聚合部分,得到图案化微透镜,最后对图案化微透镜进行成像测试和光强均一化分析。将LED光源分别置于不同图案微透镜的下方,光线透过图案化微透镜成功聚焦出光强一致的焦点图案。实验结果表明,使用飞秒激光双光子聚合加工可以实现灵活可控的3D图案化微透镜结构的加工,采用加工功率为7 mW,曝光时间为2 ms,扫描xy步距为0.5μm,z步距为0.8～1.5μm,不仅保证了微透镜结构表面光滑,而且实现了微透镜的快速加工。该技术在加工光学超材料、光学微器件、集成光学器件等方面具有广阔的应用前景。

润湿性与固体材料表面的微观几何结构和表面化学组成密切相关,是固体材料表面的一个重要特性体现.文章用实验和仿真的方式研究了双面超亲水和双面超疏水表面的润湿特性.首先采用纳秒激光钻孔技术在厚度为35μm的铝箔上加工微孔阵列,得到了双面超亲水铝膜表面;然后将铝膜在十七氟癸基三乙氧基硅烷(PFDTES)浸泡20h,铝膜从双面超亲水表面改性为双面超疏水表面;研究了改性前后铝膜的液滴渗透情况.用COMSOL Multiphysics中的两相流分析模块研究了基于双面超亲水和双面超疏水状态下的微孔通道内的水渗透过程,仿真结果和实验结果基本一致,对实验起指导作用.

针对传统的以手工记账和Excel表格为主的物料管理模式中存在的不足,并通过对湖南某电力企业现有物料管理模式的调研和分析的基础上,开发出一套以物料管理业务为核心,并融合了财务管理、合同管理、供应商管理等为一体的智能物料管理系统.该系统将工程项目中的物料需求、物料采购和库存管理有机结合,并对不同项目所需物料进行分类管理,且采用了智能传递的线上审批流程等一系列手段,避免了传统模式下的低效率,易出错,无法快速准确地进行分类管理等不足,使得电力企业物料管理更加精准、高效和经济,大大提高了工程项目的完成进度.