综述了国内外主流1,4-丁二醇(BDO)生产技术进展,对各工艺的优劣势进行分析和对比,并结合市场需求对生物基BDO的市场应用前景作了简要分析和预测.

甲硫醇是合成蛋氨酸等材料的重要有机化工原料,通过溶胶凝胶法结合浸渍法制备了K2 WO4/Al2 O3催化剂用于甲醇与硫化氢合成甲硫醇的反应.发现不同成胶pH值对于催化剂的孔道结构以及表面酸碱性质影响很大,从而影响催化剂的性能.当成胶pH值为6时,催化剂的比表面积最大,平均孔径和孔容最小;催化剂表面酸碱量适宜;催化剂活性最佳,在320-360 ℃反应温度下,甲硫醇的得率分别为77.4％,84.9％和87.1％.甲醇在催化剂表面甲氧基化受酸强度影响,酸度越高,产生的甲氧基数量越多,甲醇转化率增大.而表面碱数量的增加则使得硫化氢在催化剂表面解离成SH-的数量越多,对甲硫醇的选择性越好.

In this paper, a novel polyurethane grouting foam materials (PGFM) were optimized with the polyether polyol species, molecular weight, functional degree, isocyanate index, chain extender contents, catalyst species and contents into the desired formula. Such optimized formulation design disclosed that the PGFM had the best comprehensive performance when the isocyanate index was of 1.2, polyether molecular weight of 500–800, functional degree of 3–4, and chain extender at 3% and the catalyst dosage C1 0.4% and C2 0.2%. Intensive investigation in the molding density of PGFM influence on mechanical properties, water absorption, frost/acid/alkali resistant, aging performance, environmental properties and safety tested by experiment was found that PGFM had the low water absorption rate, excellent mechanical properties, dimensional stability frost/acid/alkali resistance and safe and environmentally friendly. Lastly, after injecting polymer grouting material into the lift track, the durability and dispersion of PGFM were also tested to confirm its engineering application feasibility for high-speed railway lifting track structure. It revealed that the PGFM evenly distributed under the concrete base plate and the surface of the track subgrade. The grouting filler can not only distribute evenly on the surface of the subgrade, but also enter into the interior of the subgrade along with the graded gravel pores, which further played an important role in strengthening the subgrade.

在对全球主要工业国家和地区水性聚氨酯相关专利中的技术进行分析的基础上,综述了目前市场几个热点问题,包括机械乳化连续生产聚氨酯乳液、非离子型聚氨酯乳液、自消光聚氨酯乳液涂层和丙烯酸改性聚氨酯乳液等方面.

The main raw materials of polyurethane include isocyanate,polyol and catalyst in polyurethane solidified ballast bed,and the durability of solidified ballast bed requires that the tensile strength and elongation of polyurethane solidified material should be above 70% after dry-heat aging,hygrothermal aging and ultraviolet aging. Aging test results show that polyurethane foam material used in polyurethane solidified ballast bed has excellent aging resistance ability and can maintain long-term stability of the overall performance in a variety of harsh environments. Based on artificial accelerated hygrothermal aging test data and calculated by time temperature superposition method,the service life of polyurethane material used in polyurethane solidified ballast bed will be up to 45. 2 years.