齐宁 20 号是优质食用型紫甘薯品种,萌芽性好,出苗量多,薯苗茎较细.为了提高齐宁 20 号的薯苗品质,研究不同排种密度对出苗数量和薯苗质量的影响.结果表明:适当降低排种密度可以获得较高的百苗质量,与常规排种密度 15.0 kg/m2 相比,排种密度为 12.5、10.0 kg/m2 时,采苗数量分别增加 38.46%、21.79%,总投入减少8.27%、23.89%,纯收益增加 76.05%、58.58%.齐宁 20 号适宜稀排,排种密度为 10.0～12.5 kg/m2 时,既可以获得健康壮苗,又可以获得更高的经济效益.

谷子是传统健康食品，金谷是山东省金乡县的著名特产，栽培历史悠久，营养丰富。简述了金谷的生产历史和发展现状，指出了金谷生产中存在的问题，提出今后金谷可持续发展的对策。

Field plot experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy and selectivity of acetochlor , oxyfluorfen , and pendimethalin in sweet potato ,.All treatments were selective to sweet potato .Acetochlor 50%EC (4 500 mL/hm2 ) bet-ter controlled Gramineae weeds 30 d and 45 d after spraying whereas oxyfluorfen 24%EC (1 500 mL/hm2 ) was more ef-fective on broadleaf weeds .Acetochlor 50%EC ( 4 500 mL/hm2 ) and oxyfluorfen 24%EC at 750 mL/hm2 and 1 500 mL/hm2 at 30 days after application provided 73%,66%,and 84% weed control,which increased to 87%,84%,and 89% at 45 days,respectively.Based on fresh weight the respective control levels were 93%,97%,and 98%.Both herbi-cides effectively controlled weeds in sweet potato fields .

Through two-year test in 201 1 ~2012,three new sweet potato varieties with high yield and fertilizer resistance and suitable for planting in southern Shandong,Xushu 22,Shangshu 19 and Xushu 27, were screened out.Their fresh yield and dry matter yield all increased by over 20% compared with CK,and the dry matter yield per hectare was more than 15 000 kg.Three new sweet potato varieties with high yield and barren resistance,Xushu 27,Jishu 25 and Jishu 21,were screened out.And their fresh yield and dry matter yield all increased by over 10% compared with CK.One new sweet potato variety with high quality and good taste,Yanshu 25,was screened out.The fresh yield increased by over 20%compared with CK.It tasted bet-ter after cooking,and the promotion index was 82.0.

The effects of two kinds of representative soil conditioners on soil physico-chemical properties and yield of garlic were studied in this paper.The results showed that the two conditioners could reduce the soil bulk density but improve the soil porosity.There were some differences between the two soil conditioners on soil available nutrients.The montmorillonite conditioner increased the content of available N and K,but reduced the content of available P.The medical stone had no obvious impact on available N and P,but made the soil available K increased firstly and then decreased.Both of them could increase the soil organic matter and garlic yield.Comprehensively considering the effect,the montmorillonite conditioner was better.

Using sweetpotato variety Hongxiangjiao as material,the control effects of Diyaling,70% imidacloprid WP,30% chlorpyrifos MC and beauveria 1 on sweetpotato underground pests were examined in plots with heavy damage. The results showed that the control effects of 100. 0 g Diyaling,0. 5 kg and 1. 0 kg 30%chlorpyrifos MC per 666. 7m2were better with the control effect value of 43. 38%,37. 37% and 41. 13% respectively. There was no significant difference among them,which were all significantly higher than those of other treatments. The effects of different pesticide treatments on commodity rate of tubers were significantly different and those on fresh potato yield were not significantly different.

Cryotherapy is a new plant virus eradication method developed in recent years.In this paper,the cryotherapy principle,methods,procedures and application status were summarized in order to provide reference for further application.

The effects of mulching with black film,transparent film and no film(CK) were tested in the hilly region of southern Shandong.The results showed that mulching black film could make the yield of fresh and dried sweet potato increase by 19.98% and 15.51% respectively compared with CK,the rate of large-and medium-sized sweet potato increase by 6.21 percentage points,and the net income be 5 520.0 yuan per hectare more than that of CK.Through mulching the transparent film,the fresh and dried yield increased by 19.50% and 13.12% respectively compared with CK;the rate of large-and medium-sized sweet potato was 7.00 percentage points over than that of CK;and the net income had an increase of 5 203.5 yuan per hm2.

甘薯新品种齐宁13号系以徐薯18为母本、P616-23为父本,通过人工控制授粉杂交、多点综合鉴定筛选育成。该品种鲜薯产量比徐薯18平均增产10%以上,薯干产量平均增产6%以上,薯块干物质含量与徐薯18相当;高抗蔓割病,抗茎线虫病,中抗根腐病,适宜在北方薯区大面积推广应用。栽培时要注意防治黑斑病,防止徒长。

Sixty sweet potato varieties(lines) were used to carry out the comparative experiment of dry matter accumulation under two types of soil.The results showed that the dry matter content(DMC) of 86.7% varieties(lines) planted in the hilly areas(brown soil) increased by 0.2 ～ 7.0 percentage points than that of the same varieties(lines) planted in the plain areas(cinnamon soil),while that of the others decreased by 0.1～2.0 percentage points.Generally speaking,the dry matter accumulation of sweet potato was influenced greatly by the soil type,and the brown soil was more favorable.

植物远缘杂交技术近年来取得较大进展,育成了一批远缘杂交品种。但由于远缘杂交时双亲的亲缘关系较远,遗传差异大,染色体数目或结构也不同,生理上也常不协调,影响受精过程,育种成功率不高。随着新技术的探索和研究,比如生物技术的发展,特别是胚抢救技术、细胞融合技术在远缘杂交中的应用,一些问题逐步得到解决,在小麦育种上的应用也越来越广泛,育成了一批小麦新品种;尤其是小麦和玉米大量的杂交实验产生了大量小麦单倍体,广范应用于小麦育种工作。

从选地整地、适时育苗、适期移栽、肥分管理、田间管理和采收与贮藏等方面介绍了甘薯齐宁10号的栽培技术,以期为齐宁10号的推广应用提供参考。

采用正交组合设计对高产、优质大豆新品种高丰1号进行不同密度、施肥量、化控次数、叶面喷肥次数的田间试验,结果表明:在稀播高肥的条件下,化控2次,与当地常规措施比较,增产效果十分显著。

The room-temperature culture and pot experiment were carried out to study the changes of inorganic P fraction and available P content in calcareous soils after the application of seaweed extract.The results showed that the two kinds of seaweed extract increased the contents of Ca2-P,Al-P and available P in calcareous soil,decreased the content of Fe-P,while had no obvious effect on O-P.