In recent years,the researchs on assossication between the circulating microRNAs from blood and various disease or tissue damage have attracted much attention.However,the imprecision of microRNAs concentrations may be caused by cellular contamination or variance attributable to extract and process RNA.Several strategies have been proposed for normalising these causes.In this review we discuss the relative advantages and disadvantages of different normalisation strategies and instruct researchers to choose a valid normalisation strategy that will enable the measurement of biologically meaningful results.

Gene therapy drugs have become a key of exploitation for biotechnology-derived pharmaceuticals,and adenovirus vectors are common used to mediate gene therapy in clinic.They could induce toxicity reaction accompanied with their therapeutic effect simultaneously.This review will focus on the toxicity reaction and activation of innate and acquired immune system induced by adenovirus vectors and the related drugs to elucidate their toxicity and the related mechanism.