实施乡村振兴战略,推进农业农村现代化建设,必须走创新驱动乡村振兴发展之路.文章在分析了乡村振兴战略对农业科技创新与服务提出的新要求的基础上,以山东省农业科学院为例,阐述了其加强科研机制创新与服务模式创新的主要做法与取得的主要成效,从加强规划引领、提升科技供给水平和产业服务能力等方面提出了强化科技支撑能力的建议,以期为农业科研单位做好科技支撑乡村振兴工作提供借鉴.

为掌握山东省玉米的真菌毒素污染状况,评估污染带来的安全风险,为加强真菌毒素污染防控提供依据,采集了山东省玉米主产县2013年~2014年收获和储藏的玉米样品共520批次,采用液相色谱—飞行时间质谱联用仪(UPLC-Q-TOF)方法检测了玉米中黄曲霉毒素(AFB1、AFB2、AFG1、AFG2)、伏马毒素(FB1、FB2、FB3)、呕吐毒素(DON)和玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)的污染水平.结果表明,AFB1、AFB2、AFG1在玉米中检出率分别为18.08%、7.88%、0.77%,平均含量分别为7.62、0.60、0.05μg/kg;FB1、FB2、FB3检出率分别为92.50%、88.08%、83.85%,平均含量分别为1798.69、531.83、197.71μg/kg;DON检出率为26.35%,平均含量为240.44μg/kg;ZEN检出率为14.62%,平均含量为74.90μg/kg;AFG2未检出.调查结果还表明,伏马毒素在所测样品中污染最为严重,超标率达33.46%;单一样品受多种毒素混合污染的情况较严重.

A comprehensive analytical method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of mesotrione and its metabolites (4-methylsulfonyl-2-nitrobenzoic acid (MNBA), 2-amino-4-(methylsulfonyl) benzoic acid (AMBA)) in soils by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS). The soil samples were extracted with 0.1% ammonium hydroxide solution/acetonitrile and an aliquot of the extract was cleaned-up by a solid-phase extraction Cleanert PAX cartridge. The chromatographic separation was performed on an Acquity HSS T3 column with gradient elution using acetonitrile and 0.3% formic acid in water. The analytes were measured by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) in the electrospray negative ionization mode. The recoveries were 73%-97% with the relative standard deviation from 2.4% to 12.9% for spiked soil samples at 0.3 μg/kg-50 μg/kg. The limits of detection of mesotrione, MNBA and AMBA in soils were 0.1, 0.3 and 0.2 μg/kg, and the limits of quantifications of mesotrione, MNBA and AMBA were 0.3, 1.0 and 0.6 μg/kg. The analytical method has been employed in the simulation experiments with the red soil samples. The result showed that the half-life of mesotrione was 4.0 days in the red soil and the residue amounts of AMBA were higher than MNBA.

为农业插上科技的翅膀，必须加快构建“顶天、立地”的农业科技创新与推广格局。农业科研院所是农业科技创新的主体，也是“一主多元”科技推广体系的重要组成部分。近年来，山东省农业科学院面对农业现代化建设的新目标、新任务，不断探索农业科技推广服务的新模式、新机制，不断提高科技成果转化率，为山东现代农业的发展做出了积极贡献。本文立足山东省农业科学院科技推广服务工作的实践，分析研究存在的问题和不足，提出创新机制、激发科研院所和科技人员活力、加快科技成果转化的措施。

本文以山东省济南市为例,阐述了农业物联网在农业标准化生产、 农产品质量安全追溯、 农业信息化服务中的应用,分析了济南市农业物联网应用存在的问题,并对今后的发展提出了建议.

本文以山东省为例，分析了影响玉米质量安全的几种主要真菌毒素（包括玉米赤霉烯酮、黄曲霉毒素、伏马毒素和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇）的危害及当前的限量标准，指出了真菌毒素污染玉米的途径及原因，并提出了保障玉米质量安全的建议和对策。

The allelopathic effect of a Parthenium yh sterophorus L.flower aqueous extract and its ethyl acetate,n-buta-nol,and residual water fractions on seed germination and seedling growth of Abutilon theophrasti Medic.and Echinochloa crusgalli ( L.) Beauv.were studied by petri dish bioassays.Seeds of A.theophrasti and E.crusgalli failed to germinate in an aqueous extract of 50 g/L;the inhibition rate of root growth,shoot growth and fresh weight were 82.6%,89.1%and 84.3%for A.theophrasti,respectively and 91.7%,55.8%and 39.1% for E.crusgalli,respectively.With the butanol extract (50 g/L) the inhibition of root growth,shoot growth and fresh weight were 63.1%,80.0% and 58.3% for A. theophrasti,respectively,and 51.3%,26.7%and 23.3%for E.crusgalli,respectively.The germination rate of A.theo-phrasti and E.crusgalli were 13.3%and 33.3%,respectively.

Experiments were conducted to determine the allelopathy of flower from Parthenium hysterophorus L. on seed germination and seedling growth of Euphorbia helioscopia L.,Digitaria sanguinalis (Linn.) Scop.,Zea mays L.and Raphanus sativus L..The results showed that aqueous extract exhibited strongly inhibitory effects on treated plants, and roots of treated plants were inhibited more strongly than shoots and fresh weight at the same concentrations. Aqueous extract exhibited more inhibitory effect on germination of D.sanguinalis than other plants, and the germination of D.sanguinalis were complete failure at 5%and 10%while 11.7%for D.sanguinalis at 3.3%. Aqueous extract exhibited more inhibitory effect on seedling growth of E. helioscopia than other plants, and the seedling growth of E. helioscopia were complete failure at 5%and 10%.

The cruciferous herb Weixian radish (Raphanus sativus L.), also known as Lai Fu, is a popular type of edible vegetable. The present paper describes the molecular tracking and bioactivity of glucocerebroside isolated from Weixian radish for the first time. Methanol extraction was carried out by using silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and RP-C18 column chromatography. Based on their structures, the two compounds were determined to be 1-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)-(2S, 3S, 4R, 8E)-2-[(2'R)-2'-hydroxyl-tetracos-15'-enoyl amino]-8-octa-decene- 1, 3, 4-triol (glucocerebroside). The glucocerebroside could inhibit the growth of BEL-7402 cancer cells and induce apoptosis in these cells.

Based on the participant perspective,this paper analyzed the main problems and technology restricting factors of quality and safety of agriculture products,and put forward the technology countermeasures to protect quality and safety of agricultural products from the perspective of habitat environment and production pollution,which had great significance to change management mode and improve agricultural products quality and safety.

Current situation of scientific and technological development in seed industry of Shandong province was summarized in the paper. Inevitability of cooperation between scientific research units and industries during transfer stage of commercial breeding was analyzed. Difficulties of deepening cooperation between scientific research units and industries were discussed, such as policy support did not form a complete set, imperfect of mechanism of commercial breeding, lack of perfect evaluation system and exchanging platform of scientific achievements of seed industry, current modes of cooperation between scientific research units and industries did not meet the requirement of development of modern seed industry. Countermeasures for deepening cooperation between scientific research units and industries were put forward, i.e., perfecting laws and regulations, improving mechanism of commercial breeding, adding support, and innovating cooperation mode. This will provide references for promoting rapid development of seed industry of Shandong province.

新型农业经营组织是推进现代农业建设的核心和基础，是加快农业转方式、调结构的重要抓手。本文分析了新型农业经营主体发展现状及面临的主要问题与困难，从加强人才队伍建设、完善社会服务体系、加快科技创新等角度提出了对策与建议。

Shandong Province is an important production, processing and export base of agricultural products.Its production and quality were both among the best in China. But with the rapid development of Shandong agriculture, the agricultural product quality safety incidents often occurred in recent years. In view of some typical cases, the causes were analyzed, and some countermeasures were put forward to enhance the quality safety of agricultural products.

分析了山东省农产品质量安全现状，找出了发展过程中存在的主要问题，并提出了解决问题的相应对策。

<正>新时期应立足山东种业科技需求,把握现代种业发展趋势,为现代农业发展提供强有力的科技支撑。种业是农业的先导,是农业的核心产业,是保障国家粮食安全的根本,是农业科技创新能力和科技竞争力的集中体现。现代种业是推进农业现代化的重要力量,是保障我国粮食安全和农产品有效供给的基础性、战略性产业。抓好种业的发展,对我们这个世界上人口最多的国家来说,其重要性是不言而

A novel method was developed for the simultaneous determination of mesotrione and its metabolite (4-methylsulfonyl-2-nitrobenzoic acid, MNBA) in maize by ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS). The samples were extracted with acetonitrile-water (50 : 50, V/V) solutions and an aliquot of the extract was acidified to pH 2 with formic acid and then cleaned. up by Oasis HLB cartridge. The residues were eluted from cartridge with methanol- diethyl ether (70 : 30, V/V). The elutions were evaporated to appropriately dry under a stream of nitrogen, dissolved in 2 mL acetonitrile. 1 mmol/L ammonium acetate (75 : 25, V/V). The residues were analyzed by mass spectrometry with negative ion mode using multiple. reaction monitoring (MRM) and quantification was achieved by matrix calibration. The method had a good linear correlation (correlation coefficient was above 0. 99) in the range of 1-200 mu g/L. The average recoveries of mesotrione and MNBA were 83. 8%-101. 1% at spiked level between 5 mu g/kg and 50 mu g/kg with the relative standard deviation (RSD) between 5. 3% and 12. 8%. The limits of quantification for mesotrione and MNBA were 1. 0 and 2. 0 mu g/kg, respectively.

影响农产品质量安全的风险因素既有客观因素,又有主观因素.本文分析了影响山东省农产品质量安全的风险因素,从教育宣传、制度建设、科技投入、市场监管等4个方面提出了相应防控措施建议.

The effects of the aqueous extracts of root,stem,leaf and flower from Parthenium hysterophorus L.on seed germination and seedling growth of Echinochloa crusgalli(L.) Beauv were studied.The results showed that the aqueous extracts of root,stem,leaf and flower had different allelopathic indensities on Echinochloa crusgalli(L.) Beauv..The aqueous extracts of flower and leaf exhibited higher inhibitory effects on Echinochloa crusgalli(L.) Beauv.compared with those of root and stem,and the effects enhanced with the increase of concentration.20% aqueous extracts of flower and leaf could completely inhibit the seedling growth of Echinochloa crusgalli(L.) Beauv.,and the seed germination rates were 20.0% and 23.3% respectively.

通过研究分析山东银香伟业集团(以下简称银香集团)开展科技创新和服务的动因及主要做法,揭示企业科技创新行为规律,提出强化农业龙头企业科技支撑政策的建议.

The allelopathic effects of an aqueous extract of Parthenium hysterophorus on the germination and seedling growth of Abutilon theophrasti were studied using an indoor Petri dish bioassay method.Aqueous extracts of roots,stems,leaves and flowers had differential allelopathic effects,the flower and leaf extracts were substantially more inhibitory on A.theophrasti than root and stem extracts,with the effect being stronger as the concentration of the extract increased.Seedling growth of A.theophrasti completely stopped at 20% concentration of aqueous extracts from flowers and leaves,which also suppressed germination for A.theophrasti by 92% and 78%,respectively.