采用改良SBR工艺结合低曝气方法培养丝状菌颗粒污泥.实验结果表明,在低曝气条件下R1反应器运行60 d后能培养出丝状菌颗粒污泥且沉降性能良好.2个反应装置在不同曝气条件下,R1稳定运行超过40 d,其污染物去除效果与R2相当(COD去除率>90％,TN去除率为60％～70％,TP去除率为50％),比R2节约87.5％的曝气量.高通量测序结果表明R1优势菌种Trichococcus(23.0％)、Thiothrix(14.9％)和Desulfobulbus(7.6％)均为丝状菌.证实了丝状菌颗粒污泥有高效去除营养物质和低能耗等优势,在未来污水处理上有很好的应用潜力.

考察了高负荷活性污泥法(HRAS)在运行450 d的过程中出水水质随温度的变化,并探究了温度对HRAS去除COD的影响,建立了HRAS在好氧阶段去除COD的动力学模型.结果 表明,在实验的COD、温度范围内,温度越高,HRAS去除COD的效率越高,在40℃,HRAS可以在45 min内去除污水中95％ COD,而25℃时HRAS在55 min内仅能去除污水中81％的COD.在温度由40℃降至25℃时,HRAS在厌氧阶段去除COD的能力提高.40℃条件下,HRAS在好氧反应阶段的COD去除过程符合一级反应动力学方程Sr=(680 mg/L)(1-10-0.015t/min),实验值与拟合值的平均相对误差为13.76％,R2=0.990;降温至25 ℃后,动力学方程变为Sr=(135 mg/L)(1-10-0.1 t/min),平均相对误差为3.96％,R2 =0.994.

Aerobic granular sludge process as a promising biotechnology has been one of the research hotspots in the area of wastewater treatment during the last two decades. In our study, after around 60 days' operation, filamentous granular sludge (FGS) was formed under low aeration (SAV = 0.085 cm/s) and multi-feeding conditions. The characteristics of FGS and the performance of the FGS system for organic matter and nutrients removal were investigated. The results showed that chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiencies were relatively stable, while COD removal efficiency increased from 82% to 94% in the presence of sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) at low concentration (1 mg/L). At the same time, the TP removal efficiency could be improved and maintained at around 75%, while TN removal efficiency was flocculated at around 50%. The analysis of microbial diversity showed thatThiothrixandTrichococcusas typical filamentous species were detected and dominant in the FGS system. The abundance ofThiothrixincreased from 15% to 34%, whileTrichococcusdecreased from 23% to 3% in the presence of SMZ.

The quality of the bio-treated coking wastewater (BTCW) is difficult to meet increasingly stringent coking wastewater discharge standards and future wastewater recycling needs. In this study, the pre-treatment process of BTCW was installed including the two up-flow fixed-bed bioreactors (UFBRs) which were separately filled with alkali-pretreated or no alkali-pretreated corncobs used as solid carbon sources as well as biofilm carriers. Results showed that this pre-treatment process could significantly improve the biodegradability of BTCW and increase the C/N ratio. Thus, over 90% of residual nitrate in BTCW were removed stably. Furthermore, GC-MS analysis confirmed that the typical refractory organic matters decreased significantly after UFBRs pre-treatment. High-throughput sequencing analysis using 16S rRNA demonstrated that dominant denitrifiers, fermentative bacteria and refractory-organic-pollutants-degrading bacteria co-existed inside the UFBRs system. Compared with no alkali-pretreated corncobs, alkali-pretreated corncobs provided more porous structure and much stable release of carbon to guarantee the growth and the quantity of the functional bacteria such as denitrifiers. This study indicated that the UFBRs filled with alkali-pretreated corncobs could be utilized as an effective alternative for the enhanced treatment of the BTCW.

养殖废水一直是废水处理中的难题.针对养殖废水水质复杂且难降解的特点,研究了好氧颗粒污泥SBR工艺处理人工模拟养殖废水的可行性.在SBR工艺结合好氧颗粒污泥的基础上,采用单个周期三段进水与厌氧、好氧段交替的方式,有效的提高了反应系统抗冲击负荷能力.试验结果表明本系统对模拟养殖废水有很好的COD去除能力,而且具备了一定的脱氮除磷效果.

ABSTRACT A sequencing batch biofilm reactor under intermittent micro-aerobic or anaerobic conditions was investigated to remove pyridine at various concentrations from synthetic wastewater. The results showed that over 98% of pyridine (influent concentration ≤200 mg L−1) was degraded under intermittent micro-aerobic condition, while about 21% of pyridine was removed under anaerobic condition. Additionally, at least 60% of nitrogen located in the pyridine ring was transformed to ammonium. At the same time, the sulphate reduction was obviously inhibited under intermittent micro-aerobic conditions. The microscopic observation showed that abundant microorganisms were attached on the surface or inside of porous biocarriers under intermittent micro-aerobic conditions after a short-term period of operation. High-throughput sequencing analysis demonstrated that Azotobacter, Rhodobacteraceae and Tolumonas were the dominant species in the intermittent micro-aerobic system. The kinetic study at steady period showed that pyridine degradation was fitted well with the pseudo-first-order model (R2 > 0.96). The two possible intermediate products were identified and the possible biodegradation pathway of pyridine was proposed under micro-aerobic condition. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT