The effect of varying rare earth element cerium (Ce) contents (0∼0.0792 wt%) on the austenite grain size of ultra-high-strength engineering steel has been studied under different austenitization conditions (holding time of 5∼360 min at temperatures ranging from 900 °C to 1200 °C). Results show that the addition of Ce can refine grains, and the refining effect becomes more pronounced as the Ce content increases. The inhibition of austenite grain growth by fine Ce-containing inclusions during the holding process has been observed through laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) and field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), and the pinning effect of Ce-containing inclusions on the austenite grain boundaries is the primary factor for the refinement of austenite grains. Besides, theoretical calculations have shown that the lattice misfits between the (100) plane of CeP and the (111) plane of the γ-phase is 7.83%, indicating that CeP could serve as a heterogeneous nucleation core for the γ-phase and was moderately effective. Furthermore, the uniformization effect of Ce on the grains is more prominent than the refining effect at the holding temperatures of 1000 °C and 1200 °C.

Aim: This study aims to explore the possible effect of Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) on necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) neonatal rat models and verify the possible implication of TNF-like ligand 1 A (TL1A) and NF-KB signal pathway.Methods: NEC neonatal rat models were established through formula feeding, cold/asphyxia stress and Lipo-polysaccharide (LPS) gavage method. The appearance, activity and skin as well as the pathological status of rats subjected to NEC modeling were assessed. The intestinal tissues were observed after H & E staining. The expression of oxidative stress biomarkers (SOD, MDA and GSH-Px) and inflammatory cytokines (TNF-& alpha;, IL-113 and IL-6) were detected by ELISA and qRT-PCR. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were applied to detect expressions of TL1A and NF-KB signal pathway-related proteins. Cell apoptosis was assessed by TUNEL. Results: NEC neonatal rat models were established successfully, in which TL1A was highly expressed and NF-KB signal pathway was activated, while TL1A and NF-KB signal pathway can be suppressed by AS-IV treatment in NEC rats. Meanwhile, inflammatory response in intestinal tissues was increased in NEC rat models and AS-IV can attenuate inflammatory response in NEC rats through inhibiting TL1A and NF-Kb signal pathway.Conclusion: AS-IV can inhibit TL1A expression and NF-Kb signal pathway to attenuate the inflammatory response in NEC neonatal rat models.

《轻金属冶金学》课程涉及概念、理论、工艺、设备等诸多内容,具有很强的工程实践性.本文尝试将案例教学引入课堂,设计了一则包括知识讲授、问题引导、效果评价在内的完整案例.案例从生产实践出发,提出问题,分析问题,探讨可能的解决方案,并对案例进行了拓展延伸,以激发学生创新思维,培养可迁移能力.

阐述了有色金属设计与计算课程的教学目标与育人目标,探讨了课程思政育人实践,包括讲好有色设计故事,传承优秀文化,激发学生家国情怀;科研反哺教学,强化科技强国理念,培养科学系统思维;虚拟、竞赛进课堂,提高专业自信,培养大国工匠精神;注重工程伦理教育,关注环保与可持续发展,强化使命担当.

目的 综述聚多巴胺在结构显色领域的应用及国内外的研究进展,为进一步研究结构显色功能材料在印刷颜料、显示、隐身、防伪、智能材料以及显色传感器等领域的应用提供理论依据.方法 总结国内外聚多巴胺应用于结构色材料的研究现状,简单介绍聚多巴胺的反应机理、性能特征以及提纯方法,并重点分析该材料在结构显色领域的应用和进展,以及对聚多巴胺在结构色材料的应用方面所面临的挑战和发展趋势加以总结.结论 将聚多巴胺与晶体材料结合,可制备出具有高饱和度、各向同性以及绿色环保的结构色材料,在印刷、包装、传感等相关领域具有非常大的潜在应用价值,为未来结构显色领域的研究提供了新思路.

A hybrid structure incorporating plasma-metals, dielectrics and contact cascaded subwavelength gratings, with capabilities of creating desired optically resonance and flexibly filtering behaviors for TE and TM polarizations, is proposed. Its novel capability of resonances of multi-polarizations in spectra, i.e., peak-resonance in reflection and valley-resonance in transmission, is discussed along with complementation in spectra for reflected and transmitted lights. Design principles of it are provided as well as unexpected optically resonance and freely filtering properties. Moreover, a device with functions of both blue-peak-resonance for TE lights and red-peak-resonance for TM lights is designed by it to uncover potentials of flexibly control of resonance for both polarizations. Its novel properties in resonance and filtering are discovered especially influences of its parameters on spectral resonances and color variations for two polarizations. Capabilities owned by the structure of freely manipulation of peak, valley and bandwidth of spectra for both polarizations make it feasible to create artificially structural colors with high quality, unusually dynamic effect and abundantly color variety. The structure together with its related properties has better values of practically application in fields of adornment, security, display, sensing, imaging and encoding, etc.

目的 探究不同成膜助剂分子结构对聚氨酯丙烯酸酯(PUA)木器油墨墨膜性能的影响.方法 以成膜助剂作为研究对象,使用PUA作为连接料,与消泡剂等助剂一起制备木器油墨.研究成膜助剂3-甲氧基-3-甲基-1-丁醇、乙二醇丁醚、丙二醇、二乙二醇丁醚和二丙二醇丁醚对PUA木器油墨性能的影响.采用FTIR研究成膜助剂/连接料复合乳液薄膜的化学结构,并对其硬度、附着力、接触角表面性质进行表征.结果 助剂相对分子质量越小,墨膜硬度、附着力越大.当乙二醇丁醚的质量分数为4％时,硬度最大为3H,附着力为最佳等级0;醚键和羟基的相对含量越多则其硬度、附着力和接触角越大,丙二醇质量分数为4％时接触角最大(953°).结论 选择质量分数为4％的丙二醇作为成膜助剂时,综合性能最佳;选择成膜助剂时应优先考虑相对分子质量小、极性基团相对含量多的助剂.

在材料物理冶金研究生教学培养过程中发现,物理冶金的案例教学方法可增强本课程的工程性和可视性,有助于提升学生的理解能力,增强其课堂听课学习的获得感,提升其解决工程实际问题的科研素养.本文通过分析目前存在问题,针对探讨了一些针对改进措施,并介绍了取得的一些成功经验及方法.

目的 综述国内外非晶光子晶体结构呈色的研究进展,为进一步研究非晶光子晶体在印刷颜料、光学防伪、功能性包装材料以及彩色显示器、传感器等领域的应用提供理论依据.方法 概括非晶光子晶体的概念、材料的选取与制备方法以及国内外的研究进展,分析该类材料在应用过程中存在的问题,并总结目前非晶光子晶体研究所面临的挑战和未来的发展方向.结论 非晶光子晶体具有非虹彩效应、各向同性、光局域化等特点,为包装印刷等相关领域的研究及应用提供了新思路、新方法,有望早日将这一绿色环保、经济高效型的材料实现规模化应用.

A novel metal/dielectric hybrid grating structure incorporating ultrathin plasma metals and intercross-cascaded dielectric gratings is proposed, characterized by owning the capacities of freely design of resonance and flexibly controls of filtering and polarization, for TE- and TM-polarized lights. Its distinctive resonant behaviors in reflection and transmission and controllable trimming ability in coloration and spectrum are systematically studied as well as origins of the resonances. Several specific grating structures are designed and optimized for color security and transparent display, and their characteristics of peak-splitting, resonance, filtering and polarization for coloration also discussed. By virtue of the structure, respectively manipulation and control for resonant spectra including locations of peak-valley, line-shapes and band-widths for TE- and TM-lights can be realized as well as simultaneously combined modulation for both polarizations. Better prospect of application exists in various fields for the structure including color decoration, optical and color security, transparent display and color imaging, etc.

Cyclic heat treatment of ultra-high strength steel was carried out by using "thermal simulation test method". The law of austenite refinement during cyclic hardening was studied by means of the thermal cycle curve and the microstructure. The results show that with the increase of the number of quenching cycles, the grain size of austenite decreases gradually and grain refinement effect is obvious.

The pixel distribution characteristics of the color columnar objects in maximum chromaticity-intensity space was studied.A method was put forward to extract the constituents of reflection by the Dichromatic Reflection Model.Using Mat-lab platform to design programs and through theoretical analysis and practical verification,the pixels distribution of objects in maximum color image pixel intensity space was got,which clarified the relationship between the columnar body image pixel maximum color and intensity,and then an effective technique for separating specular pixels and diffuse pixels in the image was put forward.Studies have shown that the color columnar object images' highlight pixels and diffuse pixels have different distribution regularities,and can be effectively separated through the fitted line in the color space.Obtaining the information of the intrinsic color image and the lighting source of the scene has great value in theory and application for computer vision research.

By analyzing the teaching environment and present situation of plastic processing mechanics,we build a practical teaching platform based on the theory teaching.According to the construction of this system,two practical modules i.e.,experimental teaching platform and computer simulation platform are established respectively,and the teaching is subdivided into regular basis series,skill improvement series and expand innovation series.In the practice of the teaching reform,we create student-centered learning environment,design teaching contents by the project management module,reform the evaluation mode of learning.Through the three effective means,the students'principal status is effectively established,students' interest of learning is promoted,the students' innovative ability and practical ability are enhanced,These lay a solid foundation for the cultivation of applied talents.

目的 解决多光源场景图像的颜色矫正问题.方法 首先采用网格划分和关键点取样2种方法对多光源图像划分区域,然后对划分后的区域采用单光源颜色恒常性算法估计光源,把每一个区域对场景光源颜色的贡献整合为复合光源颜色作为多光源场景的近似估计,最后采用对角模型进行矫正,并将此方法与单独用单光源颜色恒常性算法估计做对比.结果 通过对多光源图像划分区域,可以弱化多个光源对图像的影响,与单独用单光源颜色恒常性算法估计对比,对图像的矫正效果显著.结论 通过局部估计多光源图像,所提出的方法可以有效解决多光源室外场景图像的颜色恒常性问题.

The sutructure of liquid magnetic photonic crystal model was simulated by optical software FDTD Solu-tions.Fe3O4 was selected as magnetic sphere material and H2O is the liquid medium.Four parameters were set:R represents the radius of the magnetic sphere,C is the structure number of layers,F means the spherical space in the same plane andM refers to the crystal space between two layers.The effect of each parameter on the coloring properties of photonic crystal was analyzed in the visible spectral range and the best combination of structural parameters was determined when photonic crys-tals were able to render color.The structural parameters obtained in this research play an instructive role in synthesizing liq-uid magnetic photonic crystal and have important theoretical significance.

针对材料成型及控制工程专业轧钢专业方向实践教学存在应用性、针对性、质量标准等问题,从实验教学、校内工程实践和校外工程实践3个方面进行改革.提出了实践教学资源建设方法,介绍了实践教学资源建设取得的经验.

《有色金属设计与计算》课程专业针对性以及实践性非常强,课程目标是建立学生工程设计与应用的概念和意识,培养学生从事冶金工厂工艺及其设备的设计与计算的初步能力.本文针对《有色金属设计与计算》教学中存在的问题,结合工程教育专业认证的要求,以学生为中心、坚持成果导向、注重持续改进,探索立体化教学模式,进而为冶金工程专业认证与推进国际化进程做好准备.

目前材料成型及控制工程专业专业方向多而全,实践教学内容难以深入和融合,“宽口径,厚基础”理论教学与“特色,应用型”实践内容之间存在矛盾.本文通过分析实践教学环节目前存在问题,针对特色实践教学资源建设提出行之有效的针对改进措施,并介绍了材料成型及控制工程轧钢特色专业方向实践教学资源建设取得一些成功经验及方法.

针对有色金属设计与计算教学特点,分析了传统教学的现状与不足,提出了“更新教学内容-强化实践教学-改进教学手段-优化考核方式-建设课程教学质量标准”的教学改革思路,有助于学生轻松愉快地掌握有色金属设计与计算课程教学内容,并学以致用,服务于冶金行业.

Taking ultra-high-strength steel as research object,by thermodynamic calculations,the influences of chemical composition on the mechanical properties and structure content were discussed.The relationship between microstructure and properties with the alloy content can be obtained.