针对现有建筑能耗预测方法时序性差导致预测精度低的问题,提出了 一种基于门控循环单元(GRU)神经网络的建筑能耗预测方法.首先,对数据进行预处理,使用样本平均值对样本缺失值进行填充,并对数据作标准化操作;然后,基于Keras深度学习框架搭建GRU神经网络,输入数据进行训练和测试,同时使用自适应矩估计(Adam)算法更新和优化模型的权重参数;最后,将GRU神经网络方法与循环神经网络(RNN)方法进行比较,选用平均绝对误差(MAE)、均方根误差(RMSE)和平均绝对百分比误差(MAPE)作为评价指标,实验结果表明,本方法的误差更小,具有更高的预测精度.

According to the energy shortage and the development of heat pump heater,the experimental study was carried out on the performance of sewage source heat pump water heater with circulating heat function. Maintaining the evaporation side sewage inlet temperature,voltage,the condensation and evaporation side water flow constant,measuring and recording system parameters such as energy consumption of heating interval,the temperature difference of inlet and outlet water,the suction and discharge pressure e of the compressor,electric power,with the water tank temperature increased from 15 ℃ to 55 ℃. The results show that the average COP of system reaches 3. 73,which show that this type of heat pump water heater has better energy saving performance.

In this study, we study the water source heat pump and digital scroll compressor and experimentally in the multi-connected air-conditioning system. Variable performance is developed when the unit operates in refrigerating and heating mode. The maximum of refrigerating capacity is 36519.95W when inlet water temperature of the condenser is 30°C and dry-bulb temperature of indoor air is 32°C, at the same time the maximum of EER is 4.33 when inlet water temperature of the condenser is 20°C and dry-bulb temperature of indoor air is 27°C. The unit operates in heating mode, the maximum of heating capacity and EER is 33275.73W and 3.86 when inlet water temperature of the condenser is 30°C and dry-bulb temperature of indoor air is 20°C.

a novel type of compound system for heat pump water heater is put forward in this paper, the component and fundamentals are introduced, and the experimental research is developed under the different working conditions. The results show that the maximum value of total EER of system is 11.03, and the minimum is 4.25, the average value is 7.532 in compound mode. There are the dynamic change of COP and operation characteristics for refrigerating capacity, consumption power of the system, heating capacity and suction and discharge temperature and pressure, and their effect on the operation of system is discussed and analyzed.

In this paper the system of air-source heat pump water heater(ASHPWH) using R134A to get 75°C hot water is proposed. The experiments on the performance of ASHPWH are conducted in two typical conditions, one for 7°C dry bulb temperature and 6°C wet bulb temperature, the other for 20°C dry bulb temperature and 15°C wet bulb temperature. In addition the variations of the suction temperature, the exhaust temperature, the suction pressure, the exhaust pressure, the transient heat capacity, the input power and COPs with the changing of the hot water tank temperature are analyzed. The results show that 75°C hot water can be produced steadily and the COPs are 2.84 and 3.68 respectively in two different conditions, therefore the ASHPWH has good energy saving effect.

A test-bed of air-source heat pump water heater was set up.The experiment compared the system's performance in the standard conditions using casing condenser,three casing condenser and plate condenser respectively.The results show that the plate condenser's performance which used in the heat pump water heater system is much better than the other two conventional heat exchangers.The system's performance coefficient reached to 4.1 when using plate condenser,which is higher than the system's performance using the other two kinds of condenser by about 20 percent.The results provide an experimental basis to how to improve the performance of the heat pump water heaters system.

The prototype of dual-source heat pump water heater using air and water is assembled, and experimental research of performance is tested using air as heat source, respectively the ambient temperature is 7°C and 20°C; water temperature of the prototype using water as heat source is respectively 15°C, 30°C. the results showed that the dual-source heat pump utilizes water source in the summer, utilizes air source during intermediate seasons, running stable and energy-saving effect is obvious, Coefficient of performance could reach up to 5.58 with the minimal value approximately 3.21.

Water source heat pump and digital scroll compressor are used and experimentally studied in the multi-connected air-conditioning system in this paper, some helpful technology data are obtained improving the practical application and performance of water source multi-connected air-conditioning system with digital scroll compressor. The design of water source multi-connected air-conditioning system with digital scroll compressor is designed and setup. Experimental performance of water source multi-connected air-conditioning system with digital scroll compressor is studied in three main parts, the first one is the performance of system in part load, and the IPLV of system is 3.65; When the unit operates in 50% load, EER reaches up to 3.99. © Sila Science. All rights reserved.

A new type of air conditioning system with water-film was established. Its refrigerating performance was test when the temperature of the chilled water was 7°C, dry bulb temperature and wet bulb temperature of the indoor air are respectively 27°C and 19°C. Its heating performance was test when the temperature of hot water supply was 45°C, dry bulb temperature and wet bulb temperature of the indoor air are respectively 20°C and 15°C. The experimental result indicates that there not only existed heat convection in the water-film vaporizing conditioning system, but the latent heat of vaporization was tremendous. The characteristic of water film air conditioning system was self-cleaning which would result in better air quality and was easily to maintain. When air conditioners were equipped at different room at the same time, it costs less compared with other products, so it has evident advantages in some special situation in which the temperature was decreased and the humidity was enhanced. © Sila Science. All rights reserved.

In this paper，a high temperature heat-pump dryer and a corresponding semi-enclosed test drying room for using the dryer are built up respectively. While the average dry bulb of the external environment is 25°C and the relative humidity is 55%, the performance of the dryer is obtained when the dryer is running continuously for five hours. The results show that: the electromagnetic valve-capillary institution has an obvious effect on the lower the dryer exhaust temperature. It makes the suction temperature of compressor dropped 10 °C~15 °C, which can reduce the exhaust temperature and prevent compressor’s overheating. When the exhaust temperature keep at 100~110 °C, it can not only guarantee the temperature of wind coming from the dryer is high, but also can make sure the drying system’s long-term stable operation.

A new type of air source heat pump water heater system with scroll compressor through middle injection of economizer in the course of compression is put forward operating reliably long and efficiently in low temperature in this study. The experimental prototype is set up, System fundamentals and the operation modes are introduced, Experimental research on operation characteristics of the unit in three different operation conditions is done in the lab of enthalpy difference; Heating capacity and COP were 8.84 kW and 2.43, respectively under the condition of environmental temperature of which is -7 and -8oC, respectively for dry bulb temperature and wet bulb temperature. The result shows that the unit operates reliably long and that heating capacity and COP of the unit are improved in low temperature.

对于以冷负荷为主的商业性建筑来说,使用冷却塔辅助冷却地源热泵系统可以节省初投资,减少地下埋管,并且能消除因地下热积聚而引起的机组性能恶化,提高系统的运行效率。通过上海市台海大厦工程的实践,分析了混合式地源热泵系统的可行性和经济性。

<正>1工程概况天津奥林匹克体育中心是专门为2008年北京奥运会建造的,位于天津市水上东路、红旗南路、宾水西路和卫津南路围合的区域中。该项目由体育场院、国际体育交流中心、水上运动中心、体育博物馆及综合楼等部分组

This paper introduces the features of cooling,heating,water heating triple mini-type central air conditioner/central water heater system,working principles, performance parameters and marketing characteristics.

This paper introduces the features of cooling,heating,water heating triple mini-type central air conditioner/central water heater system,working principles,performance parameters and marketing characteristics.

通过介绍武汉东湖生态园餐厅空调的设计和使用情况来阐述用湖水作冷热源的地源热泵的具体运用,进而讨论空调设计与生态环境和自然景观的协调统一,以及地源热泵对节能、环保和生态的意义。

In response to the deficiency in the optimization design of pipe diameter, the design method for “homogeneity” of pipe diameter for transmission and distribution system of regional water supply was proposed based on summarizing the existing optimization of pipe network. The design was carried out on the principle of putting equal emphasis on economy and reliability. Techno-economic analysis was made to explore the intrinsic regularity in design of pipe network. It is proved that by comparing with the traditional design of “optimum specific friction resistance”, to make some adjustment on the proportion of initial investment can economize large amount of operating cost under the constant initial investment. It is verified by practical application that the “homogeneity” design method is of practical value.

The WLHP performance is tested by lab with enthalpy-difference method in this paper, and the influence is analyzed for various factors on the operating efficiency of water-loop heat pump system. The cooling load characteristic of different type building is simulated, and the energy efficiency of WLHP use in summer hot and winter warm area is analyzed. The developed result shown that WLHP is can saving energy in comparing with conventional central air conditioning system.

夏热冬暖地区的气候特征主要是闷热潮湿,完全靠自然通风调节的建筑中,围护结构内壁温度对人体的热舒适性起着重要的作用.本文通过理论计算,以广州地区为例,分析了处于自然条件下各种围护结构内壁的温度,并针对夏热冬暖地区的气候特征,提出在该地区完全靠自然通风的建筑中,使用重质材料加外保温层的围护结构对于提高室内热环境非常有利.