As the most potential marker of the third-generation molecular markers, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) has been widely used in genetic analysis in recent years. At present, detection methods of SNP can be approximately divided into two types:one type is the classical detection methods based on gel electrophoresis, such as, single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP), denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DDGE), cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS), and allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR), etc.. The other is high throughput and automated detection methods, such as direct sequencing, DNA chips, denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC), mass spectrometry detection technology, and high resolution melting (HRM), etc.. This paper summarized the principles and application of main detection methods, and analyzed their advantages and disadvantages.

为探索马铃薯液体间歇浸没培养的最佳条件,以马铃薯品种夏泊蒂(Shepody)和费乌瑞它(Favorita)为材料,研究不同营养液间歇浸没频率、接种密度、单株营养液量对马铃薯组培苗的影响。研究结果显示:间歇液体培养的马铃薯组培苗在株高、茎粗、有效茎节数、根数等方面显著优于传统固体培养;当营养液间歇浸没频率1 d 3～4次、接种密度0.26～0.39株/cm2、单株营养液量2.5 mL时马铃薯组培苗生长最佳。

For the protection and development of microbial resources,five halophilic archaea strains numbered23,25,40,174and 178which are Gram-negative and rod-shaped were isolated from Taibei saltern of Lianyungang.16SrRNA genes were obtained by PCR with archaea universal primers of 16SrRNA gene.After cloning and sequencing,compared the nucleotide sequences with closely species were phylogenetic analyzed and phylagenetic trees were constructed.The results showed that halophilic archaea strains 23,40,174and 178belonged to genus Halorubrum,and strain 25belonged to genus Haloarcula.

从连云港盐田卤水中分离到1株嗜盐细菌菌株，编号为XJ12，该菌株细胞形态为杆状，革兰氏染色呈阳性；采用细菌16S rRNA 基因通用引物对XJ12进行PCR扩增，扩增出长约1．5 kb的目的片段，经过克隆后测序，得到1530 bp的核苷酸序列，GenBank登录号为JX992844；利用Clustalx 1．8软件和MEGA 4．0软件对其及相近物种进行同源性比较和系统发育学分析，表明它属于嗜盐芽孢杆菌属（ Halobacillus）；通过进行不同pH值和NaCl浓度对XJ12生长的影响试验研究，结果表明，pH值为7．0～8．0、NaCl浓度为2．0 mol/L时，XJ12生长情况最佳；通过绘制一步生长曲线，表明XJ12在37℃培养条件下，0～6 h是延滞期，6～12 h为对数生长期，12 h后进入稳定期。

运城盐湖位于我国山西省,嗜盐微生物资源丰富。从运城盐湖水样中分离纯化嗜盐微生物得到2株嗜盐古菌,编号分别为YC71、YC88,经革兰氏染色鉴定均为阴性,杆菌。采用古菌通用引物对YC71、YC88的16S rDNA进行序列扩增,各得到1 500 bp左右的片段,经过测序及分析,最终得到长度分别为1 425 bp、1 430 bp的DNA片段。利用MEGA4.0软件和Clustalx 1.8软件对YC71、YC88及相近物种进行同源性比较和系统发育分析,表明YC71属于盐红菌属(Halorubrum),YC88属于盐盒菌属(Haloarcula)。

运城盐湖位于我国山西省,嗜盐微生物资源丰富.从运城盐湖水样中分离纯化嗜盐微生物得到2株嗜盐古菌,编号分别为YC71、YC88,经革兰氏染色鉴定均为阴性,杆菌.采用古菌通用引物对YC71、YC88的16S rDNA进行序列扩增,各得到1500bp左右的片段,经过测序及分析,最终得到长度分别为1425 bp、1430 bp的DNA片段.利用MEGA4.0软件和Clustalxl.8软件对YC71、YC88及相近物种进行同源性比较和系统发育分析,表明YC71属于盐红菌属(Halorubrum),YC88属于盐盒菌属(Haloarcula).