Objective To study the mechanism of rhubarb treatment on the cholestasis from gastrointestinal electrophysiology. Methods Three pairs of bipolar silver electrodes were chronically implanted in the antrum,duodenum and jejunum.Rats model of acute intrahepatic cholestasis was established by alpha-naphthyl-isothiocyanate(ANIT) intoxication.The effect of rhubarb on gastrointestinal interdigestive migrating myoelectric complexes and the expression of NOS in antrum,duodenum and jejunum were observed.Results In the model group,MMC pattern disappeared temporarily,Then,it recovered gradually,but the MMC pattern's recovery appeared later than those in the normal group,what's more,the MMC of increased cycle duration was seen in model group.the expression of NOS in gastrointestinal tissues significantly increased after modeling.earlier MMC pattern's recovery and normal MMC cycle duration were seen in the rhubarb group,the expression of NOS was lower than those in the model group(P< 0.05).Conclusion Rhubarb could increase the excretion of bile,so as to promote the recovery of MMC of cholestasis rats,achieve the aim of dispelling heat and intoxicating,normalizing function of gallbladder and curing jaundice.

Objective To investigate effect and mechanism of probiotic products on α-naphthylisothiocyanate(ANIT) induced intrahepatic cholestasis of weaned rats through the changes of gastrointestine myoelectric migrating complexes(MMC).Methods Ninety-six SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:control group(n=16),intoxication group(n=40)and intervention group(n=40).Three pairs of bipolar silver electrodes were chronically implanted in the antrum,duodenum and jejunum of 8 rats from every group.Sham operation was given to the others of the 3 groups.Seven to 10 days after operation,all rats of intoxication and intervention groups received a single intragastric administration of ANIT(200 mg/kg)in order to induce acute intrahepatic cholestasis.Probiotic products,4.2×108/(kg·d),was given to intervention group 2 days before ANIT was administrated.The gastrointestinal MMC was recorded in conscious and fasting state every 48 h till 192 h after ANIT was given.Biliary flow,total bilirubin(TB) and ALT was recorded in sham operated rats at the same time.Results 1.Forty-eight hours after ANIT was gavaged,the biliary flow of intoxication and intervention groups decreased while ALT and TB increased.But the above observed indexes of intoxication group were more significantly altered than those of intervention group.2.A typical MMC pattern could be seen in all normal conscious fasting rats and it disappeared temporarily after ANIT was given.Ninety-six to 192 h later,the MMC pattern recovered gradually and intervention group′s MMC pattern appeared earlier than that of the intoxication group.But increased MMC cycle duration was seen in the intoxication group at 192 h and it was characterized by an increased duration of phase Ⅱ-like activity.Conclusions MMC pattern disappeared or the duration of MMC become longer when acute cholestasis was induced with ANIT in rats.Probiotic products can promote the initiation of MMC and decrease the cycle duration,thereby relieve the cholestasis.

It has recently become apparent that interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) is the pacemaker cells of gastrointestine. ICC are stellate-shaped cells with long process. ICC express c-kit and form gap junctional connection with each other and with surrounding smooth muscle cells. Isolated ICC are found to spontaneously generate pacemaker potential. The following mechanisms are considered to be involved in the generation of pacemaker potential. Depolarization of the membrane by summation of unitary potentials may activate voltage-dependent Ca 2+-permeable channels to form the primary component of the pacemaker potentials. Ca 2+ influx through voltage-dependent Ca 2+-permeable channels activates Ca 2+-sensitive enzymes such as phospholipase C and enchances the production of IP3. IP3 induces an instantaneous release of Ca 2+from internal stores, and the elevated cytosolic Ca 2+ concentration, which activates Ca 2+-activated Cl- channels in the plasma membrane to depolarize the membrane and form the plateau component. With the Ca 2+ entering, the local concentration of Ca 2+ rise and the channels are inactivated, so terminating the pacemaker potential.

AIM: To investigate the changes of gastrointestinal interdigestive migrating myoelectric complex (MMC) in the weaned rat models of acute intrahepatic cholestasis induced by alphanaphthyl-isothiocyanate (ANIT). METHODS: A total of 56 weaned Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups: control group (n = 16) and toxication group (n = 40). Three pairs of bipolar silver electrodes were chronically implanted in the antrum, duodenum and jejunum of 8 rats from each group in random. Sham operation was performed in the other rats of both groups. Seven to ten days after the operation, MMC was recorded in all the rats with implanted electrodes. Then, all of the rats in toxication group received a single intragastric administration of ANIT (200 mg/kg) in order to induce acute intrahepatic cholestasis. The gastrointestinal MMC was recorded in conscious and fasting status 48, 96, 144, 192 h after ANIT was given. The levels of biliary flow, total bilirubin (TB) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were recorded at the same time. RESULTS: Forty-eight hours after ANIT was given, the biliary flow of rats in toxication group was almost ceased completely while the levels of ALT and TB were increased remarkably. Then, they were all improved gradually till the 192 hour. A typical MMC pattern was seen in all the normal conscious and fasting rats, and disappeared temporarily after ANIT was given. One hundred and forty-four hours later, the MMC pattern began to restore gradually and recovered at the 192 hour. However, the prolonged cycle duration of MMC (911.67 ± 140.47 s vs 682.87 ± 77.39 s, P < 0.05) was observed in the toxication group at the 192 hour and characterized by an increased duration of phase II-like activity (414.12 ± 69.21 s vs 150.28 ± 35.45 s, P < 0.05) and decreased duration of phase III activity (121.21 ± 27.38 s vs 170.27 ± 38.98 s, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: MMC disappearance followed by a prolonged MMC is the pattern of MMC changes in the weaned rats with ANIT-induced intrahepatic cholestasis, and this may be related with the decrease of bile flow during the interdigestive periods.

Objective To study the alternation of SIgA in serum and bile in experimental acute intrahepatic cholestasis. Method 39 newborn rabbits were divided at random into four groups: 3 experimental groups (n=9) and a contral group (n=12). A single dose (200 mg/kg) of ANIT(α-naphthyl isothiocyanate) was administered by gavage to each experimental rabbit to induce intrahepatic cholestasis. The specimens of serum and bile were collected from rabbits at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after intoxication and detected by SIgA radioimmunologic kit. Result Compared with the control group.the SIgA in serum of experimental groups began to increase 24 h after intoxication(P< 0.05 ),then were getting singnificantly higher(P< 0.01 ).And the concentration of bile SIgA decreased dramatically(P< 0.01 ) . Conclusion Acute intrahepatic cholestasis induced by ANIT resulted in alterations of SIgA in serum and bile, and the alternation may be used to estimate the injury of hepatobiliary system.

<正>通过采用异硫氰酸萘脂(ANIT)诱导新西兰白兔产生急性肝内胆汁淤积模型并给予乳酸菌干预,观测各组不同时相血清、胆汁中总胆红素(TB)、谷丙转氨酶 (ALT)、一氧化氮(NO)及胆汁流量的变化,探讨NO对肝损伤的机制及乳酸菌对胆汁和血清NO的影响。新生的新西兰白兔31只,体重0．7 kg左右,雌雄不限,出生后龄(30±3)d, 由华中科技大学同济医学院实验动物中

In order to evaluate the value of magnetic resonance cholangiography (MRC) and dynamic examination of duodenal fluid in the differential diagnosis between extrahepatic biliary atresia (EHBA) and infantile hepatitis syndrome (IHS), 52 patients with infantile cholestatic jaundice were examined by MRC and duodenal fluid examination. Original interpretations were compared with clinical outcome. Calculated sensitivity of duodenal fluid examination in diagnosis of EHBA was 100 %, and specificity was 91.1 %. Sensitivity of MRC in the diagnosis of EHBA was 94.4 % and specificity 88.24 %. The sensitivity of MRC and examination of duodenal fluid combined in diagnosis of EHBA was 94.4 % and specificity 97.06 %. We are led to conclude that MRC and dynamic examination of duodenal fluid are useful in the differential diagnosis between IHS and EHBA and the combined use of the two techniques yield better resutls.