Ginseng polysaccharide (GPS) was obtained from ginseng, a traditional Chinese medicinal material, through an efficient extraction method in this work. Namely, the extracts of ginseng were first collected by ultrasonic assisted extraction of hot water, then purified through enzymolysis to remove the starch and protein, and finally refined by DEAE-52 cellulose column chromatography to get the desired ginseng polysaccharide (GPS-1). The molecular weight, monosaccharide composition and structure of GPS-1 were determined by high performance gel permeation chromatography, infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. In addition, the role of GPS-1 in human skin fibroblasts (HFF-1) survival rate and the effect on reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) and metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) were studied. The results showed that GPS-1 was a homogeneous polysaccharide with a purity of 95.13% and an average molecular weight of 2.104 kDa, which was composed of α-D-glucose, α-D-galacturonic acid, α-D-arabinose, α-D-fucose, α-D-ribose, β-D-mannose and β-D-arabinose. Moreover, the cell experiments confirmed that GPS-1 could protect HFF-1 cells from UVB irradiation, and the expression of MMP-1 and MMP-9 could be significantly inhibited by GPS-1 solution at the concentration of 200 μg/mL (P<0.01). Further study revealed that GPS-1 could also significantly increase SOD and GSH-Px content (P<0.01) and decrease the contents of ROS and MDA (P<0.01). These results provided a scientific basis for the isolation and purification of ginseng polysaccharide and its application in the development of anti-aging products.

A series of novel bifunctional biomass-derived carbon catalysts for the conversion of glucose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and formic acid (FA) were designed and prepared by a simple method. The aluminum-modified bifunctional carbon catalyst was the most effective catalyst, which could simultaneously convert glucose into HMF and FA with yield of 64.6% and 18.6%, respectively. Al3+ sites generated via a post-synthetic modification to enhance Lewis–Brønsted acidity of carbon catalysts, thereby promoting the conversion of glucose to HMF and FA. The establishment of kinetic models indicated that the formation of HMF from fructose is superior to levoglucosan, the direct formation of FA from glucose is superior to fructose, levoglucosan and HMF when Brønsted or tandem Brønsted/Lewis’s acid sites are present. Synergistic effect of Brønsted and Lewis sites promoted the protonation and rehydration of glucose intermediates resulting in the cleavage of C1 in glucose to release FA. This work will help to identify a promising method for converting biomass to biofuels.

生蚝壳中的碳酸钙成分高,通过高温煅烧可转化为氧化钙;制糖工业生产离不开澄清剂石灰,即氧化钙.若将两者结合,不仅可以解决大量废弃生蚝壳造成的固体废物污染环境问题,而且可得到高附加值糖用食品级石灰产品.本研究将生蚝壳置于马弗炉中高温煅烧,测定不同温度和时间条件下煅烧产物的失重率和有效氧化钙含量,与参照物进行氧化钙活性度对比评价、扫描电镜对比分析,并且都应用于制糖混合汁澄清和粗糖糖浆上浮澄清工艺试验.结果表明:在适宜温度和时间条件下煅烧生蚝壳制备得到的氧化钙,可以用于制糖行业澄清,这为工业化生产应用提供了初步的研究基础.

BIM技术在不断创新与发展中已逐步应用于各个领域,如糖厂工程设计.本文分析了BIM技术在糖厂工程设计中的应用全过程:根据糖厂工程设计项目特点、工业BIM设计平台配置、BIM设计流程和功用等,分析了BIM技术在糖厂工程项目设计、建造及管理中的优势,显著提升了糖厂设计效率和设计质量,也有助于工程各参建方多方协同,提升项目管理效率和建设效益,同时也为BIM技术应用于糖厂工程设计提供参考.

A novel method was developed to determine six triazine herbicides from brown sugar samples using matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) based on silica gel impregnated with deep eutectic solvent (DES) followed by high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detector (HPLC/PDA). Several factors involved in the MSPD procedure such as DES type, DES content in impregnated silica gel, adsorbent-to-sample mass ratio, type and volume of washing solvent, type and volume of eluent, and grinding time were screened using single-factor experiments and then optimized using Box-Behnken design to accomplish the highest recoveries. The above method demonstrated a good linear range (20–1000 μg kg−1) with a determination coefficient exceeding 0.9962, low limits of determination (1.59–3.77 μg kg−1), acceptable limits of quantifications, and acceptable spiking recoveries (95.0–101.7%) for six triazines under optimized conditions. The proposed MSPD-HPLC/PDA method is a convenient, effective, and sensitive method for rapidly isolating and quantifying six triazines from brown sugar.

采用超声辅助离子液体提取人参中的人参多糖,通过单因素实验和正交实验确定了人参多糖的最优提取工艺条件;利用苯酚-硫酸法测定提取的人参多糖中总糖含量;以抗坏血酸为对照组,采用1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基(DPPH?)、?OH、2,2′-联氮-二(3-乙基-苯并噻唑-6-磺酸)二铵盐自由基(ABTS?)测定提取的人参多糖的抗氧化活性.结果表明,人参多糖的最佳提取工艺为:质量浓度为8 g/L的1-己基-3-甲基咪唑溴盐水溶液为提取溶剂,料液比(人参和离子液体水溶液之比)为1:40(g:mL,下同),在80℃下超声辅助提取30 min,人参多糖提取量为172.89 mg/g,提取的人参多糖总糖含量(质量分数)为65.9％.采用HPLC对纯化后的人参多糖的单糖组成进行了测定,得到人参多糖的单糖主要成分为:甘露糖、核糖、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖、半乳糖、阿拉伯糖、岩藻糖.人参多糖对DPPH?和?OH以及ABTS?具有一定的清除力,其抗氧化能力随质量浓度的增大而增强,但弱于抗坏血酸.

为了研究超临界二氧化碳流体萃取甘蔗糖蜜中色素的影响因素,通过单因素实验,选择夹带剂种类、夹带剂用量、萃取温度、萃取压力、萃取时间以及二氧化碳流量等因素的最优取值范围.根据实验结果得最佳工艺条件为:乙醇夹带剂质量浓度60％、萃取温度为45℃、萃取压力为25 MPa、萃取时间为90 min以及二氧化碳流量25 L/h,在此条件下,试验结果为超临界二氧化碳萃取甘蔗糖蜜中的色素总量为2.83％、色率为49570 EBC单位、红色指数为1.85,此色素对DPPH自由基清除率为76.2％.研究结果可为资源化利用糖蜜中色素提供理论和技术依据.

A novel kind of magnetic porous carbon nano-fibers (Fe3O4@P-CNFs) materials was successfully prepared and used as an adsorbent. Based on the above-mentioned adsorbent, a simple and effective magnetic disperse solid-phase extraction (MSPE) method was developed and first utilized to the enrichment and purification of five Sudan dyes (including Sudan I, Sudan II, Sudan III, Sudan IV, and Sudan Red 7B) in foodstuffs for the first time. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the content of the Sudan dyes. The parameters affecting the extraction performance were studied and optimized, including the amount of the adsorbent and inorganic salt, type and the volume of the eluent, pH of the sample solution and extraction time. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the results show that the proposed method has a good linear relationship (r >= 0.9993). The limits of detection range from 0.88 mu g L-1 to 1.27 mu g L-1. The recoveries range from 86.6% to 99.7% with the relative standard deviations ranging from 0.6% to 7.9% in the methodology validation. The above-mentioned results indicate that the proposed method is a sensitive and reliable procedure with good reproducibility for the detection of Sudan dyes residues in foodstuffs. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

制糖过程中产生大量的工艺指标数据,并且相互间有一定的联系.本文示例中应用SPSS 22.0软件对糖厂连续30个班次澄清工段的14个代表性工艺指标进行主成分分析,通过降维,确定主成分5个,并计算综合得分,为制糖生产过程评价提供数据支持;以期主成分分析与其它数据分析方法相结合更多地应用于制糖数据分析挖掘中.

建立了同时测定甜叶菊叶片及其提取物9种糖苷含量的反相高效液相色谱(RP-HPLC)法,并对该方法进行了系统的方法学验证,包括准确度、线性、重复度、中间精密度、耐用性、专属性试验.结果表明,该方法有良好的精密度和较高的准确度,线性范围符合要求,能够准确、快速地检测出甜叶菊叶片及其提取物9种糖苷的含量,控制产品的质量.

文章对甘蔗健康糖品生产工艺过程进行了分析研究,提出了高品质红糖生产工艺方法,通过对该工艺过程的物料衡算和热量衡算,研究了稀汁浓缩耦合三效真空浓缩的热力方案,以及该方案下的标煤和蔗渣经济平衡性.结果显示:该方案综合汽耗为28.74％对蔗比,相比传统五效工艺方案的汽耗水平45％对蔗比,有较好的节能水平,其对标煤和蔗渣的经济平衡点分别为301.89元/吨和134.48元/吨.

本文分析了目前糖厂泥汁处理的两种主要方式,介绍了糖厂泥汁/浮渣深度脱汁处理技术的主要研究内容.实验结果表明,该方法在一定程度上,可以做到泥汁/浮渣处理低洗水、糖分高回收的目的,在一定程度上减少能耗损失.同时分析了存在的问题.