BACKGROUND:Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been garnering ever-increasing worldwide attention as the herbal extracts and formulas prove to have potency against disease. Fuzhengjiedu San (FZJDS), has been extensively used to treat viral diseases in pigs, but its bioactive components and therapeutic mechanisms remain unclear.METHODS:In this study, we conducted an integrative approach of network pharmacology and experimental study to elucidate the mechanisms underlying FZJDS's action in treating porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). We constructed PPI network and screened the core targets according to their degree of value. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were also carried out to identify relevant pathways. Lastly, qRT-PCR, flow cytometry and western blotting were used to determine the effects of FZJDS on core gene expression in PRRSV-infected monkey kidney (MARC-145) cells to further expand the results of network pharmacological analysis.RESULTS:Network pharmacology data revealed that quercetin, kaempferol, and luteolin were the main active compounds of FZJDS. The phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway was deemed the cellular target as it has been shown to participate most in PRRSV replication and other PRRSV-related functions. Analysis by qRT-PCR and western blotting demonstrated that FZJDS significantly reduced the expression of P65, JNK, TLR4, N protein, Bax and IĸBa in MARC-145 cells, and increased the expression of Bcl-2, consistent with network pharmacology results. This study provides that FZJDS has significant antiviral activity through its effects on the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.CONCLUSION:We conclude that FZJDS is a promising candidate herbal formulation for treating PRRSV and deserves further investigation.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is widely used to harden plastics and polycarbonates and causes serious toxic effects in multiple organs, including the intestines. Selenium, as an essential nutrient element for humans and animals, exhibits a predominant effect in various physiological processes. Selenium nanoparticles have attracted more and more attention due to their outstanding biological activity and biosafety. We prepared chitosan-coated selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and further compared the protective effects, and investigated the underlying mechanism of SeNPs and inorganic selenium (Na2SeO3) on BPA-induced toxicity in porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2). The particle size, zeta potential, and microstructure of SeNPs were detected by using a nano-selenium particle size meter and a transmission electron microscope. IPEC-J2 cells were exposed to BPA alone or simultaneously exposed to BPA and SeNPs or Na2SeO3. The CCK8 assay was performed to screen the optimal concentration of BPA exposure and the optimal concentration of SeNPs and Na2SeO3 treatment. The apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry. Real-time PCR and Western blot methods were used to analyze the mRNA and protein expression of factors related to tight junctions, apoptosis, inflammatory responses and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Increased death and morphological damage were observed after BPA exposure, and these increases were attenuated by SeNPs and Na2SeO3 treatment. BPA exposure disturbed the tight junction function involved with decreased expression of tight junction protein Zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1), occludin, and claudin-1 proteins. Proinflammatory response mediated by the transcription factor nuclear factor-k-gene binding (NF-κB), such as elevated levels of interleukin-1β(IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-17 (IL-17), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression was induced at 6 and 24 h after BPA exposure. BPA exposure also disturbed the oxidant/antioxidant status and led to oxidative stress. IPEC-J2 cell apoptosis was induced by BPA exposure, as indicated by increased BCL-2-associated X protein (Bax), caspase 3, caspase 8, and caspase 9 expression and decreased B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-xl expression. BPA exposure activated the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) mediated by the receptor protein kinase receptor-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), Inositol requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1α), and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6). We found that treatment with SeNPs and Na2SeO3 can alleviate the intestinal damage caused by BPA. SeNPs were superior to Na2SeO3 and counteracted BPA-induced tight junction function injury, proinflammatory response, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and ERS stress. Our findings suggest that SeNPs protect intestinal epithelial cells from BPA-induced damage, partly through inhibiting ER stress activation and subsequently attenuating proinflammatory responses and oxidative stress and suppressing apoptosis, thus enhancing the intestinal epithelial barrier function. Our data indicate that selenium nanoparticles may represent an effective and reliable tool for preventing BPA toxicity in animals and humans.

Abstract Background PCV2 infection in piglets reduces growth performance and increases mortality, causing serious economic losses. Guifu decoction (GFD) is a restorative Chinese medical formulation containing several individual herbs with antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects. Animal studies have revealed that GFD is protective in pigs infected with porcine circovirus (PCV2). However, the mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of GFD against PCV2 infection in mice and determine its mechanism of action, focusing on the PPAR-γ/NF-κB signaling pathway. Methods The therapeutic effect of GFD on PCV2-infected mice was assessed in terms of its prevention of ileum and lung pathology. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to determine pulmonary transcriptome profiles under various conditions. 16S rRNA sequencing was carried out to verify the role of GFD in the regulation of intestinal microbiota. Results We found that GFD treatment reduced the PCV2-induced inflammatory response and damage to the ileum. GFD strengthened the intestinal mucosal barrier and increased the expression of MUC2 mRNA. PCV2 infection reduced the diversity of intestinal microbiota, but GFD treatment increased the relative abundance of lactobacilli and decreased potentially pathogenic bacteria such as Mycoplasma. KEGG enrichment analysis of differentially-expressed genes showed activation of the PPAR-γ/NF-κB pathways; specifically, the expression of Olr1 and Scd1 genes was significantly up-regulated, while Acox2, Plin1, and Cyp4a12b genes were down-regulated. GFD treatment increased PPAR-γ protein and decreased levels of IκBα and P-IκBα, p65 and P-p65 in the PCV2-infected mouse model. Conclusions Taken together, these results indicate that GFD enhanced intestinal integrity and barrier function by altering intestinal microbiota composition, which subsequently alleviated intestinal injury and improved health. It also reduced the systemic response to the virus and subsequent inflammation through the PPAR-γ/NF-κB pathway. Our data provide novel insights into the potential pathophysiology of PCV2-induced disease in piglets and enhance our understanding of the role of the gut microbiota in the mechanism. Deducing how the GFD formulation protects against PCV2 could lead the way to the development of novel effective therapies to combat intestinal diseases and improve the health and growth performance of pigs.

中医药是中华民族的瑰宝,在抗炎,抗病毒,抗菌等方面皆发挥独特优势,而猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)是引起的猪的繁殖障碍和呼吸道症状的一种危害养猪业的高度接触性传染病.探究其治疗方式,可有效提高此种疾病治愈率,减少经济损失.本文对猪繁殖与呼吸综合征的中药治疗方式,主要从中药的单体提取物、中药复方提取物和纳米材料为载体的中药合剂三种途径展开综述.现有研究表明,纳米材料因其比表面积大,易与生物标志物结合,可以用作药物载体,具有良好的生物相容性和强靶向性等特点,已被广泛应用于生物医学领域.因此,充分发挥此种材料的优势,为中药抗PRRSV发挥更佳药效提供了可能性,是下一步研究的重点方向.

In the current study, Bacillus coagulants had a role in combating oxidative stress by inhibiting the growth of intestinal pathogens. However, there are few studies on reducing the mechanisms of oxidative stress. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the effects and underlying mechanisms of B. coagulant HYI (BC-HYI) treatment on growth and intestinal functions in laying chickens under LPS-induced oxidative stress. The in vivo experimental group included five groups of laying chicks: normal control, LPS group, B6 group, B7 group and B8 group. The test consisted of six repetitions in each group, with six animals in each repetition. In the in vitro experiment, an LPS-induced oxidative stress model of chicken fibroblast DF-1 cells was established, and the DF-1 cells were divided into control group, LPS-treated group, B5 group, B6 group and B7 group. On the one hand, we found that BC-HYI can inhibit pathological changes in some intestinal tissues. On the other hand, BC-HYI supplementation has a dual effect on the gut microbiota, promoting the proliferation of beneficial microbes such as Barbarella, Lactobacillus, and Antibacterial while maintaining symbiotic balance. The abundance of Barbarella, Bactericide, and Cloistral was significantly different between the LPS group and the BC-HYI group (p < 0.01). Moreover, compared with the LPS group, BC-HYI significantly decreased reactive oxygen species levels and prevented cell apoptosis (p < 0.01). It used to prevent oxidative stress by activating the Nrf2-ARE/HO-1 signaling pathway, enhancing the scavenging of free radicals, and reducing oxidative damage. BC-HYI alleviated oxidative stress in laying chickens by modulating the gut microbiota and activating the Nrf2-ARE/HO-1 signaling pathway. In summary, laying chickens and cell experiments indicate that BC-HYI supplementation can improve the enzyme function of antioxidants, regulate intestinal barrier function and activate the Nrf2-ARE/HO-1 signaling pathway to regulate intestinal barrier function.

本试验旨在探究凝结芽孢杆菌BC?HYI调节脂多糖(LPS)损伤蛋雏鸡肠道作用.选取1日龄京红蛋雏鸡180只,随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复6只,重复之间体重接近.空白对照组(CON组)和模型组(LPS组)饲喂基础饲粮,连续灌服生理盐水;3个益生菌组饲喂基础饲粮,同时分别连续灌服低、中、高剂量的凝结芽孢杆菌BC?HYI(浓度分别为106、107、108 CFU/mL),连续灌服28 d,28 d后灌服LPS,灌服浓度为2 mg/kg,灌服剂量为200μL/只,试验周期为6 h,分别记为LOW+LPS、MID+LPS、HIGH+LPS组.6 h后采血,剖检、收集蛋雏鸡十二指肠、空肠、回肠肠道组织及空肠黏膜.结果表明:与空白对照组相比,LPS灌服后,蛋雏鸡十二指肠、空肠、回肠的绒隐比以及空肠黏膜黏液蛋白2(MUC2)、闭合蛋白(Occludin)和闭锁小带蛋白-1(ZO?1)mRNA相对表达量显著降低(P<0.05),血清二胺氧化酶(DAO)活性及D-乳酸(D?Lac)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF?α)含量,空肠黏膜分泌型免疫球蛋白A(SIgA)和白细胞介素-10(IL?10)的含量,空肠黏膜Toll样受体4(TLR4)和核因子-κB(NF?κB)的mRNA相对表达量和蛋白表达量显著提高(P<0.05).与LPS组相比,中、高剂量凝结芽孢杆菌BC?HYI极显著上调十二指肠、空肠、回肠绒隐比(P<0.01),极显著下调空肠黏膜TLR4和NF?κB的mRNA相对表达量和蛋白表达量(P<0.01),显著下调蛋雏鸡血清DAO活性及D?Lac和TNF?α 含量(P<0.05);凝结芽孢杆菌BC?HYI显著提高空肠黏膜MUC2、Occludin和ZO?1的mRNA相对表达量(P<0.05);凝结芽孢杆菌BC?HYI对空肠黏膜SIgA和IL?10含量无显著影响(P>0.05).综上所述,凝结芽孢杆菌BC?HYI对LPS损伤有缓解作用,能降低肠道通透性,下调TLR4/NF?κB信号通路中TLR4和NF?κB的mRNA相对表达量和蛋白表达量,从而改善LPS灌服后的肠道损伤,提高蛋雏鸡肠道健康.

[目的]利用SYBR Green Ⅰ荧光染料建立一种快速、灵敏的用于检测猪圆环病毒2型的荧光定量PCR方法.[方法]根据猪圆环病毒2型ORF2保守区的基因片段,扩增目的基因645 bp插入至PUC57载体,以重组质粒为模板进行荧光定量PCR反应条件优化及灵敏度、特异性等验证.[结果]建立的猪圆环病毒2型绝对定量检测方法与猪圆环病毒1型、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒、猪瘟病毒、猪细小病毒、猪博卡病毒无交叉反应.检测猪圆环病毒2型的灵敏度是5.0×101 copies/μL,建立的标准曲线回归方程的相关系数0.999,扩增效率105.403％.[结论]成功建立一种特异性强、敏感性高、稳定性良好的绝对定量检测猪圆环病毒2型的荧光定量PCR方法,可以用于临床样品猪圆环病毒2型的检测.

[目的]建立一种检测猪圆环病毒3型抗体的血清学方法.[方法]以猪圆环病毒3型衣壳蛋白为包被抗原,通过筛选和优化反应条件建立一种检测猪圆环病毒3型衣壳蛋白抗体的间接酶联免疫吸附测定方法,并进行特异性试验与重复性试验以及初步临床应用.[结果]确定检测猪圆环病毒3型衣壳蛋白抗体的间接酶联免疫吸附测定方法的各项最佳反应条件;仅有猪圆环病毒3型阳性血清的检测结果为阳性,显示出良好的特异性;批内变异系数和批间变异系数都小于5％,显示出良好的可重复性.在来源于北京地区与河北地区的318份猪的血清中检出猪圆环病毒3型衣壳蛋白抗体阳性率为32.70％,表明这两个地区存在较多的猪圆环病毒3型感染.[结论]建立了一种具有良好特异性和可重复性的检测猪圆环病毒3型衣壳蛋白抗体的间接酶联免疫吸附测定方法,可用于猪圆环病毒3型抗体的检测.

[目的]通过建立的荧光定量PCR方法对猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒载量的检测,探究双黄连水煎液在体外对猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒增殖的影响.[方法]建立非洲绿猴胚胎肾细胞与猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒共感染模型,并应用CCK8法筛选双黄连水煎液的最大安全质量浓度.根据DNA序列数据库公布的猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒-N蛋白参考序列,设计特异性引物,构建猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒N基因质粒,建立检测猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒N基因的荧光定量PCR方法,研究最大安全质量浓度下的双黄连水煎液对猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒载量的影响.[结果]双黄连水煎液对非洲绿猴胚胎肾细胞的最大安全质量浓度为6.25 mg/mL,在此安全质量浓度下对猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒具有良好的阻断吸附和抑制复制作用,作用效果呈时间和剂量依赖性,而对猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒的直接杀灭作用效果不显著.[结论]成功建立了检测猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒载量的荧光定量PCR方法,通过此方法检测到双黄连水煎液在6.25 mg/mL时具有抗猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒作用.

[目的]通过对某猪场采集的组织样本进行猪圆环病毒2型分离鉴定及培养,探讨桂枝复方水煎液和大黄复方水煎液体外对猪圆环病毒2型抗病毒效果.[方法]将从某猪场采集的疑似猪圆环病毒2型阳性病料经无菌处理后接种于猪肾细胞进行病毒的分离培养,PCR方法鉴定,细胞体外培养分离株病毒并分析其生长特性,然后通过桂枝复方水煎液和大黄复方水煎液处理病毒侵染的细胞,荧光定量PCR方法测定细胞内病毒载量.[结果]分离培养出猪圆环病毒2型分离株BY-F6代与GenBank中已收录的猪圆环病毒2型ORF2序列同源性可达到99.47％～99.60％;该病毒可在猪肾细胞中进行体外培养,48 h为病毒的复制高峰期,TCID50为10-4,3/0.1mL.6.25 mg/mL的桂枝复方水煎液体外对猪圆环病毒2型具有显著的预防作用(P＜0.05)及极显著的治疗作用(P＜0.01),3.13 mg/mL的桂枝复方水煎液可显著降低细胞内猪圆环病毒2型的复制(P＜0.05),桂枝复方水煎液不具有体外直接杀灭猪圆环病毒2型的能力.5.00 mg/mL的大黄复方水煎液体外对猪圆环病毒2型具有显著的预防作用(P＜0.05)及极显著的杀灭作用(P＜0.01),2.50 mg/mL的大黄复方水煎液可直接参与杀灭猪圆环病毒2型,显著降低细胞内该病毒的载量(P＜0.05),大黄复方水煎液体外对猪圆环病毒2型感染后的治疗作用不佳.[结论]桂枝复方水煎液和大黄复方水煎液体外对从某猪场分离及鉴定的猪圆环病毒2型具有一定的抑制作用.

目的 本实验通过构建醋酸铅致小鼠肾中毒模型,探讨蛴螬肽提取物对小鼠的解毒保护作用机制,为机体铅性肾病的防治提供试验依据.方法 随机取小鼠分为对照组、模型组、阳性药组以及不同剂量蛴螬肽组(80、160、320 mg/kg),除对照组外所有组小鼠隔天腹腔注射醋酸铅20 mg/kg,连续15 d.此时对照组和模型组小鼠同时灌服生理盐水而阳性药组小鼠灌服二巯基丁二酸(DMSA 70 mg/kg)混悬液,蛴螬肽组小鼠灌服不同剂量蛴螬肽提取物,每天1次连续15 d,采用HE染色显微镜观察肾组织状态;检测肾功能指标(BUN、Cr)和肾组织中抗氧化酶水平(SOD、GSH-Px)及过氧化物(MDA)含量;RT-PCR、Western Blot技术检测分析Ⅱ相解毒酶(NQO1)、抗氧化酶(HO-1)和信号分子(Nrf2)基因和蛋白表达水平.结果 蛴螬肽组与模型组小鼠相比,体重增加但低于对照组,肾组织形态显著改善,血清中BUN、Cr水平显著降低(P<0.05),肾组织中抗氧化酶(SOD、GSH-Px)水平显著提高(P<0.05),MDA含量显著减少,Ⅱ相解毒酶基因(NQO1)、抗氧化酶(HO-1)及信号分子(Nrf2)mRNA及蛋白表达水平均显著上调(P<0.01).结论 蛴螬肽提取物激活Nrf2-ARE信号通路,增强铅中毒小鼠的抗氧化功能和提高解毒酶基因表达而发挥其解毒保护作用.

本试验旨在探究凝结芽孢杆菌BC?HYI对蛋雏鸡的促生长作用.将288只1日龄、初始体重(约为0.55 kg)相近的蛋雏鸡随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复12只.4组分别为空白组(生理盐水1 mL)以及益生菌低、中、高剂量组(凝结芽孢杆菌BC?HYI浓度分别为106、107、108 CFU/mL,各1 mL),各组连续灌服28 d.在第1、2、3、4周进行取血,并采集蛋雏鸡十二指肠、空肠、回肠以及空肠黏膜.结果表明:与空白组相比,高剂量凝结芽孢杆菌BC?HYI在第4周极显著提高蛋雏鸡的平均日增重(ADG)(P<0.01),极显著降低料重比(F/G)(P<0.01);中剂量凝结芽孢杆菌BC?HYI显著提高蛋雏鸡十二指肠、空肠、回肠的绒隐比(P<0.05);各剂量凝结芽孢杆菌BC?HYI显著降低血清中二胺氧化酶(DAO)活性和D-乳酸(D?Lac)含量(P<0.05),高剂量凝结芽孢杆菌BC?HYI极显著降低血清中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF?α)含量(P<0.01);中、高剂量凝结芽孢杆菌BC?HYI极显著提高第4周空肠黏膜黏液蛋白2(MUC2)、闭合蛋白(Occludin)和闭锁小带蛋白-1(ZO?1)的mRNA相对表达量(P<0.01);中剂量凝结芽孢杆菌BC?HYI显著提高空肠黏膜中分泌型免疫球蛋白A(SIgA)和白细胞介素-10(IL?10)含量(P<0.05);3个剂量凝结芽孢杆菌BC?HYI对空肠Toll样受体4(TLR4)信号通路的抑制作用不显著(P>0.05).综上所述,凝结芽孢杆菌BC?HYI通过降低肠道黏膜通透性,提高肠道黏膜屏障的保护作用及吸收功能,降低蛋雏鸡料重比,提升其生长性能.

为筛选牛呼吸道合胞体病毒(BRSV)G蛋白特异性核酸适配体,本研究通过原核系统表达G蛋白,并利用软件设计引物,由公司合成初始寡核苷酸文库,并利用微孔板法,经过包被G蛋白、封闭后加入初始寡核苷酸文库、洗脱、酚抽取法提取、PCR扩增、胶回收以及反筛等操作经不同轮次筛选核酸适配体.在每轮筛选循环中,以回收产物为模板进行常规PCR扩增后再进行一轮非对称PCR扩增,获得目的条带大小为84 bp的单链核苷酸分子,用于下一轮筛选.共进行了11轮筛选,从第5轮开始反筛.将最后一轮筛选得到的对称PCR产物连接T载体后转化到DH5α感受态细胞中,经菌液PCR鉴定和测序后,利用间接酶联核酸适配体法(i-ELAA)选择测序结果出现频次较高的适配体,测定其与G蛋白的结合力,并利用软件预测其二级结构.结果显示,本实验表达了 BRSV重组G蛋白,经微孔板法筛选出了 98条适配体序列,其中G-6、G-13、G-39、G-55和G-72适配体出现频率最高;二级结构预测显示,5条核酸适配体均具有稳定的茎环状或发卡状结构,能与G蛋白特异、稳定的结合.本研究筛选出的5条核酸适配体为BRSV酶联核酸适配体法的建立奠定了基础.

[目的]分离一株近期流行的猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒并解析其基因变异情况.[方法]适当处理猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒阳性临床样品,接种非洲绿猴胚胎肾细胞进行病毒分离,间接免疫荧光试验对所分离病毒进行鉴定;同时用RT-PCR技术扩增其全基因组,并进行序列测定与分析.[结果]分离培养物可引起非洲绿猴胚胎肾细胞出现稳定的细胞病变,间接免疫荧光试验显示有许多特异性荧光,分离培养物中存在猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒.病毒全基因组大小15 323个核苷酸,在非结构蛋白2基因有30个氨基酸缺失的典型标记;其与高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒毒株JXA1株、HUN4株和SD-CXA/2008株之间的核苷酸同源性较高,达到98.9％以上;该毒株与高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒SD-CXA/2008株在同一分支上.[结论]分离出一株典型的高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒毒株.

旨在研究鼠伤寒沙门菌ABC转运膜蛋白SapC在沙门菌致病机制中的功能.本研究利用λ-Red重组技术构建了鼠伤寒沙门菌sapC基因缺失突变株SM△sapC,对其进行生长特性、酸性应激试验、多黏菌素B敏感性试验、生物被膜检测、胞内存活和小鼠体内毒力试验.结果显示,基因缺失株SM△sapC与亲本菌株和互补菌株相比,其生长速度无明显差异;在酸应激条件下,SM△sapC存活率显著低于亲本菌株;sap C基因缺失降低了鼠伤寒沙门菌生物被膜的形成能力;同时,SM△sapC基因缺失株在鼠源巨噬细胞内的增殖能力和小鼠体内的毒力显著低于亲本菌株.研究表明,sapC基因影响鼠伤寒沙门菌的抗酸能力、生物被膜形成能力,从而影响沙门菌在体内外的毒力.本研究为进一步阐释鼠伤寒沙门菌的致病机制奠定了基础.

基于首都功能定位和城市规划布局,都市畜牧业萎缩和动物疫病带来的动物源食品安全和生态富养对动物类专业人才需求提出新要求.培养大都市动物类专业人才以更好地适应目前大都市行业需求,是当下都市动物类专业改造升级亟须解决的问题,新农科背景下重塑符合都市型农林院校动物类专业人才培养特色是大势所趋.文章从都市型动物类专业存在问题、专业已有基础、新农科背景下专业建设目标、专业改造升级思路与措施及未来展望等加以分析思考,以期为学校动物类专业改造升级提供借鉴.

Background Humoral immunity plays an important role in the prevention of canine distemper. Anti-CD virus (CDV) antibody has strong antiviral activity and is widely used in the treatment of CD. However, with the increase of CD cases, the availability of therapeutic CD antibody fell short of the clinical needs. Results The high-titer antiserum with the high-titer neutralizing activity against CDV was obtained from the donkeys (Dezhou Donkey) immunized with the inactivated CDV vaccine. The donkey anti-CDV IgG was purified from the donkey serum, which was identified to significantly inhibit the CDV replication in the cultured Vero cells and effectively reduce the clinical symptoms and increase the survival rates (75%) of CDV-infected dogs (Shih-tzu Dog), similar to that treated with the dog-derived anti-CDV IgG. These results indicate that donkey-derived IgG is a potential substitute for dog-derived IgG to treat the CD in clinic. Conclusions Administration of donkey-derived anti-CDV IgG can ameliorate clinical symptoms and inhibit virus replication, thereby increasing the survival of CDV-infected dogs. This study opens up a new source of therapeutic antibody for CD treatment.

[目的]通过分析平均日采食量、料重比、屠宰指数、肠道绒毛高度/隐窝深度比值,探究凝结芽孢杆菌BC-HY1对肉鸡生长性能及肠道形态结构的影响.[方法]选取3日龄健康、体质量110～140 g的肉鸡75只,随机分为对照组(基础日粮);抗生素组(基础日粮加杆菌肽);凝结芽孢杆菌低剂量组(基础日粮加凝结芽孢杆菌BC-HYI,细菌数2×107 CFU/mL);凝结芽孢杆菌中剂量组(基础日粮加凝结芽孢杆菌BC-HYI,细菌数2×108 CFU/mL);凝结芽孢杆菌高剂量组(基础日粮加凝结芽孢杆菌BC-HYI,细菌数2×109 CFU/mL).试验期为35 d,每7 d为一个周期对试验肉鸡称量体质量、采血和剖检.[结果]凝结芽孢杆菌低剂量组、凝结芽孢杆菌中剂量组可以显著提高肉鸡生长性能与屠宰指数;凝结芽孢杆菌中剂量组、凝结芽孢杆菌高剂量组提高十二指肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度比值作用的效果显著且持久;凝结芽孢杆菌中剂量组促进乳酸菌的生长,抑制大肠杆菌的生长效果更优.[结论]2×108CFU/mL凝结芽孢杆菌BC-HYI可以改善肠道形态结构,调节盲肠内乳酸菌和大肠杆菌的生长;对肉鸡具有显著促生长作用.

目的 明确两种微血管内皮细胞(MVECs)糖链表达的特点.方法 复苏冻存的大鼠空肠黏膜MVECs;取3日龄SPF仔猪肺组织,采用胶原酶消化法和差速贴壁法分离培养猪肺MVECs;采用凝集素细胞化学方法,检测刀豆凝集素(Con A)、菜豆红细胞凝集素(PHA-E)、蓖麻凝集素Ⅰ(RCA-Ⅰ)、番茄凝集素(LEL)、黑接骨木凝集素(SNA)、荆豆凝集素Ⅰ(UEA-Ⅰ)、麦胚凝集素(WGA)和双花扁豆凝集素(DBA)共8种凝集素在两种MVECs的染色情况.结果 大鼠空肠黏膜MVECs对Con A、WGA和LEL呈强阳性着色,PHA-E、SNA和RCA-Ⅰ呈中等阳性着色,DBA呈弱阳性着色,UEA-Ⅰ呈阴性着色;猪肺MVECs对Con A和PHA-E呈强阳性着色,RCA-Ⅰ呈中等阳性着色,LEL和SNA呈弱阳性着色,UEA-Ⅰ、WGA和DBA呈阴性着色.结论 两种MVECs的糖链表达具有显著异质性,大鼠空肠黏膜MVECs和猪肺MVECs均不同水平地表达甘露糖、半乳糖、1,3-N-乙酰葡糖胺和唾液酸,N-乙酰葡糖胺和N-乙酰半乳糖胺表达于前者不表达于后者,岩藻糖在两者均不表达.

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is an important cause of post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) worldwide, resulting in huge economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. In this study, to understand the pathogenesis, the transcriptomic analysis was performed to explore the biological processes (BP) in porcine intestinal epithelial J2 cells infected with an emerging ETEC strain isolated from weaned pigs with diarrhea. Under the criteria of |fold change| (FC) ≥ 2 and P < 0.05 with false discovery rate < 0.05, a total of 131 referenced and 19 novel differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified after ETEC infection, including 96 upregulated DEGs and 54 downregulated DEGs. The Gene Ontology (GO) analysis of DEGs showed that ETEC evoked BP specifically involved in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and negative regulation of intracellular signal transduction. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed that immune response-related pathways were mainly enriched in J2 cells after ETEC infection, in which tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin 17, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways possessed the highest rich factor, followed by nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain-like receptor (NLRs), C-type lectin receptor (CLR), cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction, and Toll-like receptor (TLR), and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathways. Furthermore, 30 of 131 referenced DEGs, especially the nuclear transcription factor AP-1 and NF-κB, participate in the immune response to infection through an integral signal cascade and can be target molecules for prevention and control of enteric ETEC infection by probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri . Our data provide a comprehensive insight into the immune response of porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) to ETEC infection and advance the identification of targets for prevention and control of ETEC-related PWD.