The American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers (ASCAP) (/ˈæskæp/) is an American not-for-profit performance-rights organization (PRO) that collectively licenses the public performance rights of its members' musical works to venues, broadcasters, and digital streaming services.ASCAP collects licensing fees from users of music created by ASCAP members, then distributes them back to its members as royalties. In effect, the arrangement is the product of a compromise: when a song is played, the user does not have to pay the copyright holder directly, nor does the music creator have to bill a radio station for use of a song.In 2021, ASCAP collected over US$1.335 billion in revenue and distributed $1.254 billion in royalties to its members. ASCAP membership included over 850,000 songwriters, composers and music publishers, with over 16 million registered works.
This study aimed at describing the role of Fisheries Civil Servant Investigators (PPNS) in the law process of Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) fishing in Indonesia. It utilized a descriptive qualitative method to analyse the primary and secondary data, which had been collected through interviews, observations and FGDs from a purposively chosen sample with a juridis normative approach. Definitively, IUU fishing is the act of fishing within the Indonesian, other country’s jurisdiction, or the open waters without permit, not reported, and not regu- lated. The law No. 45 year 2009 concerning the amendment of Law No. 31 Year 2004 on Fisheries stated that there are three sorts of law enforcers who have the rights to conduct investigations on offense in the fisheries sectors: the Civil Servant Investigators, the Navy Investigating Officers and the National Police Investigators. Despite the fact that the Civil Servant Investigators have been playing an active role in the law enforcement, especially for the IUU fishing cases, the function has not yet been very effective due to the lack of inter-institution coordination as well as communication among the law enforcers. Hence, matching perception, investigation mechanism as well as enforcement among the law enforcers are of utmost importance to alleviate the effectiveness of combat against IUU Fishing in Indonesia.
The availability of food resources is one of habitat components that support simakobu conservation. This study was aimed to identify the species and composition of feeding plants and habitat structures of simakobu. Habituation of simakobu was conducted in prior to the study. Afterwards it was performed to collect the data on species and composition of feeding plants of simakobu using ad libitum methods. Determination of the structure and composition of vegetation on simakobu habitat, vegetation analysis was done by establishing plot measuring all long 100 m for 15 plots. Result showed that amount of 116 plant species was eaten by simakobu. Katatairek (Bhesa paniculata), logauna (Knema sumatrana) and ungla (Aporosa symplocoides) were species that its parts were most widely used as food source of simakobu. Young leaves, leaf bud, fl ower and fruit parts of those speciesare eaten by simakobu. This study suggests that the dominant plant species on the simakobu habitat is Logauna (Knema sumatrana).
Designing of future approaches for the control of Fasciola gigantica infection in cattle requires an understanding of the host-parasite relationships. This study was therefore undertaken to compare the susceptibility to infection with F. gigantica between Bali and Madura cattle. Seven Bali and seven Madura cattle were infected orally with 15 metacercariae of F. gigantica twice weekly for 32 weeks. Similar observations were made on four Bali and 4 Madura cattle maintained fluke-free as controls. The study shows that there was a trend of a lower fluke burden and faecal egg counts Madura cattle than in Bali cattle. The packed cell volume (PCV) values was significantly higher in infected Madura than in Bali cattle (P<0,05). The increased of eosinophil cell response and the antibody isotypes imunoglobulin (Ig)G1 in Madura cattle were significantly higher than in Bali cattle (P<0,05). These varying responses represent differences in host-parasite relationships between Bali and Madura cattle and may be linked to the observed varying levels of resistance to F. gigantica infection between these host.
Powder product as instant drink from red guava (Psidium guajava L.) juice is more practicable to increase economic value. The objective of the research was to investigate physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics of red guava juice instant drink powder produced using foam-mat drying method. The results showed that red guava juice instant drink powder produced using foam-mat drying method had high yield with solubility was low, the brightness was high, the level of redness was high, the level of yellowish was low, sugar was high, and sensory properties were accepted by panelist.
Grain yield improvement is the main objective in rice breeding programs. The objective of this study was to determine the phenotypic characters that have a direct or indirect effect on grain yield of double haploid lines. It expected can be used as selection criteria. The study was conducted on August 2009 at Cikeumeuh Bogor using randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. The materials used were 33 doubled haploid rice lines and three varieties/landraces rice. The results showed that number of productive tillers per hill, number of grains per panicle and 1,000 grain weight of rice can be used as selection criteria in improving grain yield. These three characters has a positive and very signifi cant correlation, positive and high direct effect on grain yield, and have a high heritability value.
