Uterine leiomyomas (ULs) are prevalent benign tumors in women of reproductive age characterized by cellular senescence. Cellular senescence is a state of stable, irreversible cell cycle arrest characterized by discrete changes in cellular morphology and gene expression. This systematic review, following PRIMSA guidelines, evaluated the molecular pathways contributing to senescence in ULs and the use of novel therapeutic agents to target senescence. Two investigators independently screened and identified relevant articles written in English involving human subjects. Sixty-nine articles were identified; 11 studies met criteria. Multiple studies recognized a range of biomarkers of senescence in ULs including senescence associated beta galactosidase (SA-β-gal), senescent associated proteins (p16, p21, p14ARF), and telomere shortening. Key pathways such as AKT and p14ARF-TP53-p21, and genes such as HMGA2 and MED12 have been implicated in regulating the balance between tumor proliferation and growth arrest and senescence. However, the specific genetic and epigenetic mechanisms that induce and maintain senescence in ULs are not fully understood. There is growing interest in investigating whether senescent cells can be therapeutically targeted in ULs by senolytic agents that induce apoptosis, and senomorphic agents that modulate the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) to reduce its pro-tumorigenic effects. While limited, non-clinical data suggests this approach may be promising, further investigation is needed to establish their clinical efficacy in patients with ULs.
Tranexamic acid (TXA) is widely used to reduce perioperative bleeding across surgical disciplines, yet its role in plastic breast surgery remains incompletely defined. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of TXA on postoperative outcomes in implant-based and autologous breast procedures. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Embase, Scopus, MEDLINE, PubMed, and Cochrane were searched from inception through March 2026. Studies evaluating TXA in plastic breast reconstruction or augmentation were included. Primary outcomes were hematoma, seroma, and length of hospital stay. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed. Risk of bias was assessed using RoB 2 and ROBINS-I. Eleven studies (n = 2,922 patients; 6,681 breasts) were included. TXA use was associated with a significant reduction in seroma formation (RR 0.73, 95
While generative AI is increasingly used to extract structured knowledge from text, human input and painstaking efforts are still needed to monitor and fix AI hallucinations. This paper investigates how to support human-AI collaboration in the remedy of hallucinations during the transformation of text into structured knowledge entities. We propose KGenAI, a framework that supports a two-way human-AI feedback loop. It aims at keeping the human actively involved in detecting and addressing AI hallucinations. The framework guides humans to instruct AI how to explain itself, and leverages AI to use its explanations as hallucination signals for humans to further finetune the model through targeted training. We validate KGenAI through a use case in transforming product reviews into knowledge graph entities that support human-centered recommender systems. Experiments using the LLaMA2-7B model on an NVIDIA A100 GPU cluster show that the baseline (non-finetuned) model achieved an overall macro F1 score of 16.0
Lower facial aging and loss of jawline definition are common concerns among many patients. While surgical procedures offer definitive correction, many individuals seek minimally invasive options with shorter recovery times. The 1470-nm diode laser aims to address this by promoting skin tightening and restoration of the mandibular contour. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this laser in the treatment of mild to moderate lower facial laxity using validated patient-reported outcomes and independent clinician assessments. We identified patients with mild to moderate lower facial laxity who underwent a single treatment; those with severe laxity, previous procedures in the treatment area, or used combined modalities were excluded. Assessments included the FACE-Q® Satisfaction with Facial Appearance scale and standardized 2D/3D photography at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Three independent plastic surgeons, blinded to timing, evaluated pre- and post-treatment images using the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS). Twenty-six patients were included. FACE-Q® scores improved from a baseline mean of 47 to 54 at 3 months and 62 at 6 months. GAIS evaluations showed aesthetic improvement in 61–74
Obesity is a chronic disease associated with significant health risks. Minimally invasive, anatomy-preserving bariatric procedures such as Laparoscopic Greater Curvature Plication (LGCP) and Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty (ESG) have emerged as alternatives to standard surgical techniques. This retrospective cohort study compared perioperative and mid-term outcomes of LGCP and ESG performed between January 2018 and March 2022. The primary outcome was percent total body weight loss (
