Andalas University (Indonesian: Universitas Andalas, abbreviated Unand) is a public research university in Padang, West Sumatra. Andalas is one of the major public institution of higher learning in Indonesia, and the oldest outside the island of Java. The university is known for its excellence in social sciences and medical program, and has produced numerous distinguished alumni in public and private service. In November 2019, Andalas was ranked fourth best Indonesian research university from a nationwide evaluation conducted by the Ministry of Research and Technology.
Infrared breast thermography provides a noninvasive measurement of skin-surface temperature, but the relation between surface thermal patterns and intratumoral physiology is limited by heat diffusion and thermal screening. Here we study a steady-state modified Pennes bioheat model in a two-dimensional multilayer breast-tissue cross-section containing a finite-sized tumor with spatially heterogeneous perfusion. We compare four idealized perfusion patterns: uniform, rim-enhanced, necrotic-core, and anisotropic perfusion. To assess how well these internal differences are preserved at the surface, we compare the full temperature-rise profiles using an L^2 distance and define thermal-signature equivalence through an observational tolerance. The results show that distinct perfusion patterns can generate clearly different internal temperature fields, while their surface signatures may become much more similar after propagation through the surrounding tissue. Tests with noisy surface profiles indicate that this equivalence classification is sensitive to the assumed form of profile-level uncertainty. After matching the tumor-averaged perfusion, the radially heterogeneous cases become much closer to the uniform case, whereas the anisotropic case remains more distinguishable because of its directional structure. Increasing tumor depth promotes thermal-signature equivalence, whereas increasing tumor diameter enhances surface distinguishability;a depth–diameter map shows the competition between these two effects. Fat-layer thickness and mild outer-surface deformation modify the surface profiles, but their influence is secondary over the parameter ranges considered here. These results highlight a limitation of static breast thermography: a surface thermal anomaly can be detected without uniquely identifying the underlying intratumoral perfusion structure.
This article aims to investigate determinants of university students to start a new business, which was preceded by intention to be an entrepreneur. The antecedents of a student's intention to be an entrepreneur can be viewed from attitude toward entrepreneurship, perceived relational support, and perceived structural support. The data were obtained using a self-report questionnaire from 296 university students in West Sumatera Province, Indonesia. The participants came from students who obtained competitive funding from the university to build a microbusiness. Testing the proposed theoretical model was conducted using the SmartPLS application. The results supported that attitude toward entrepreneurship, perceived structural support, and perceived relational support had a positively significant effect on a student's entrepreneurial intention. The intention then resulted in the decision to begin a new business. The findings implied that attempts to encourage students building a new business would be contingent on their intention toward an entrepreneurship career.
Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) scaffolds were prepared through the granule casting method. The variables considered in the manufacturing of the scaffolds were the wet process, dry process, granule size (mesh), and sintering temperature. The novelty of this study: In the first stage, a solid cylindrical commercial PMMA was reduced in size using the Hot Cutting method (HCm) at different temperature variations. The products were then sieved with diversified mesh sizes, namely M 40-50, M 50-60, M 60-70, M 70-80, and M 80-100, to be treated with the granule casting method in aluminium moulds under the wet and the dry processes. The sintering process was established with a temperature of 130 degrees C, a holding time of 60 min, and a heating rate of 5 degrees C & centerdot;min-1. The best products were recommended to be treated in the next stage. In the second stage, PMMA scaffolds were made from the recommended products, namely the M 80-100 PMMA granules treated in the wet process. The sintering temperature was the variable that determined the scaffolds'physical and mechanical properties. The resulting PMMA scaffold was proven thus satisfying the quality criteria at the sintering temperatures of 125, 130, and 135 degrees C. The SEM images showed good interconnections between the pores in the PMMA scaffolds.
