State University of Padang

This scoping review synthesizes 30 empirical studies published between 2016 and 2025 on the implementation of English Medium Instruction (EMI) and Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) in Central Asia. Following the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Scoping Reviews) framework, the review employed a systematic search across international and regional databases to identify studies conducted in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan. The review reveals substantial geographic unevenness in the evidence base: most included studies were conducted in Kazakhstan, only limited evidence was identified from Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan, and no eligible empirical studies were found from Tajikistan or Turkmenistan. A further regional pattern is the concentration of EMI and CLIL research in higher education, particularly in STEM-related contexts, while primary and secondary education remain comparatively underexplored. The review also identifies thematic imbalances, especially the limited representation of administrators, policymakers, parents, and other stakeholders whose perspectives are important for understanding the conditions shaping EMI and CLIL implementation. Recurring challenges include teacher preparedness, language-related barriers, resource limitations, and sociopolitical constraints, especially in rural settings. Overall, the review highlights the need for more geographically inclusive and methodologically diverse research to better understand how contextual, linguistic, and institutional conditions influence EMI and CLIL implementation and to inform more grounded regional policy development.

Tsunamis remain a major coastal hazard, requiring mitigation strategies that are both effective and sustainable. This study investigates the performance of coastal vegetation as a form of green infrastructure for tsunami attenuation through controlled laboratory experiments using dam-break-generated bores. The novelty of this study lies in the integrated evaluation of vegetation density, planting arrangement, and gap configuration within a single experimental framework, with direct implications for practical coastal planning. The results show that vegetation significantly reduces wave height, with high-density configurations achieving reductions of approximately 40–60

In this study, CuO/TNAs heterojunction was prepared by the SILAR method. CuO/TNAs were characterized for determination of crystal structure, morphology, and photoelectrochemical properties. The UV–Vis DRS spectrum confirmed the extension of visible light absorption and the reduction of the band gap to 2.44 eV for CuO/TNAs at a 60 mM concentration with 7 SILAR cycles. XRD analysis indicated the formation of the anatase TiO2 phase with peak intensities without altering the crystal structure after modification. FE-SEM morphology results revealed an increase in pore diameter from 46.39 nm to 51 nm after modification. Photoelectrochemical measurements (Linear Sweep Voltammetry and Multi-Pulse Amperometry) showed an increase in photocurrent density for CuO/TNAs (0.035 mA/cm2) compared to pure TNAs (0.005 to 0 mA/cm2). These results indicate an improved charge separation efficiency and photoresponse to visible light. Therefore, CuO/TNAs heterojunctions have the potential to serve as efficient photoanode materials for photoelectrochemical applications.

Tuberculosis (TB) treatment adherence remained a major challenge in high-burden settings, and psychosocial factors such as TB-related stigma and patient motivation may be associated with whether patients completed therapy. This study examined the relationships between TB-related stigma, patient motivation, and treatment adherence among patients with pulmonary TB in a high TB burden area of West Sumatra, Indonesia. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from October to December 2025 among adults with drug-sensitive pulmonary TB receiving care in Padang Municipality and Padang Pariaman Regency. The sample comprised 268 participants, selected using a multistage stratified clustered sampling. TB-related stigma (9 items), motivation (4 items), and treatment adherence (4 items) were measured using 4-point Likert scales. The relationships among the variables were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The sample was predominantly male (80.2

This study investigates the feasibility of valorizing Sulawesian ferronickel slag (FNS) powder as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM) for sustainable mortar production. Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) was partially replaced with FNS at levels of 0-35% (at interval of 5%) by weight, and mixtures were evaluated for fresh density, consistency, setting time, compressive strength, strength activity index (SAI), ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), microstructure, and life cycle assessment (LCA). Results showed that consistency slightly decreased with higher FNS substitution, while setting times increased proportionally, with each 1% replacement extending the initial and final setting times by 1.5 and 2.6 min, respectively. Fresh density declined linearly from 2366.67 kg/m(3) (control) to 2048.53 kg/m(3) (35% FNS), representing a 13.45% reduction. Compressive strength remained comparable to the control up to 10% replacement, achieving 28.07 MPa versus 28.27 MPa at 28 days. Beyond 15%, strength decreased, with 35% FNS yielding only 22.06 MPa at 90 days (>30% reduction). The SAI confirmed SCM suitability at 5-10% FNS, meeting pozzolanic material thresholds with values of 99-102%. At these levels, pozzolanic contributions reached up to 11.23% at 7 days. UPV demonstrated strong correlations with compressive strength (R-2 = 0.95) and density (R-2 = 0.98), with the 10% FNS mix maintaining high matrix compactness (3928 m/s at 28 days). SEM images supported these results, showing refined pores and dense hydration products at 10% FNS, but porous, heterogeneous structures at 30%. LCA revealed that embodied energy reductions from 3751.01 MJ (control) to 2708.02 MJ (35% FNS), and GWP declines from 488.55 kgCO(2)-eq to 335.35 kgCO(2)-eq, indicating energy and emission savings of 27.78% and 31.39%, respectively. The sustainability index and economic index both identified 10% FNS as the optimum dosage, combining mechanical stability, minimized environmental impact, and the lowest cost-efficiency ratio of 3.46 $/m(3)/MPa.