Andijan State Medical Institute was founded in 1955 in one of the ancient cities of Fergana valley. At present, the Institute is one of the leading institutes in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The scientific potential of the institute is growing day by day.
Nanotechnology provides innovative tools for medicine, agriculture, and environmental applications. Iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe2O3 NPs) are of particular biomedical interest due to their biocompatibility, magnetic properties, and therapeutic potential. Harnessing the phytoconstituents of F. indica for nanoparticle fabrication offers a sustainable approach to generate biofunctional nanomaterials with enhanced therapeutic efficacyIn this study, Fe2O3 NPs were biosynthesized using F. indica extract through a green and cost-effective method. The nanoparticles were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Ultraviolet–Visible Spectroscopy (UV–Vis), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), confirming their rectangular (average size of 65 nm) morphology, functional group interactions, and elemental composition of iron and oxygen. The bio-fabricated Fe2O3 NPs displayed broad pharmacological activities: strong antileishmanial (71
Effective and sustainable photocatalysts are crucial for removing persistent pharmaceutical antibiotics from wastewater systems. The present work reports the successful synthesis of NdFeO3 (NFO), Ce-Mn co-doped NdFeO3 (NCFMO), and Ce-Mn co-doped NdFeO3/g-C3N4 (NCFMO/g-CN) nanocomposites through a facile hydrothermal and ultra-sonication route to examine the cerium and manganese dual-doping and g-C3N4 (g-CN) incorporation. The structural, morphological, electrical, magnetic, optical, and photolytic features were studied using XRD, FTIR, SEM, BET, VSM, EIS, UV-Vis, and PL analyses. The structural and morphological studies confirmed the perovskite type orthorhombic phase in consort with Ce and Mn dual-doping and g-CN incorporation in pure NFO having average grain size in the 20-40 nm range. The magnetic and electrical analysis via VSM, I-V and EIS demonstrated enhancement of the electrical conductivities (6.2 & times; 10-4 S center dot m-1 to 98.27 S center dot m-1) and magnetic behaviour of the Ce-Mn co-doped NCFMO. Optical band gap revealed narrowing of the band gap (2.17 to 1.94 eV) and a red shifting in absorption of the visible light upon co-doping and g-CN integration. The photocatalytic performances of the as-fabricated materials were investigated via degradation of levofloxacin (LVF) and lomefloxacin (LMF) antibiotics under visible light irradiation. The Ce-Mn co-doped NCFMO/g-CN composite achieved superior photocatalytic activity with degradation efficiencies of 96.8% for LVF and 94.5% for LMF within 70 min, compared to 85.2% and 82.6% for Ce-Mn co-doped NCFMO and 64.6% and 61.2% for pure NFO, respectively. The improved activity of the NCFMO/g-CN hybrid catalyst was accredited to combine effects of Ce-Mn co-doping and g-CN addition, which efficiently forms heterojunction with NCFMO, which improved light harvesting, delayed charge partition, and effective creation of active species. The NCFMO/g-CN nano-hybrid demonstrated outstanding stability and reusability, retaining 88.7% efficiency after 4 consecutive cycle runs, highlighting its potential for wastewater remediation.
Modern agriculture must enhance crop productivity while reducing environmental degradation associated with inefficient fertilizer use and increasing abiotic stress. Fulvic acid (FA), a low-molecular-weight humic fraction enriched in oxygen-containing functional groups, has emerged as a promising biostimulant for improving nutrient-use efficiency and stress resilience. Owing to its high solubility, pH-responsive ionization, and metal-chelating capacity, FA regulates nutrient speciation and mobility, enhancing the availability of iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), potassium (K), and phosphorus (P) across diverse soil environments. At the plant level, FA promotes nutrient acquisition primarily through bioenergetic and signaling modulation. Evidence consistently supports stimulation of plasma membrane H⁺-ATPase activity, reinforcing rhizosphere acidification and proton-driven electrochemical gradients that energize secondary active transport. FA treatment is further associated with transcript-level and physiological activation of iron- and phosphorus-deficiency response pathways, including ferric-chelate reductase activity and phosphate transporter expression. However, direct FA-specific genetic validation of individual metal transporter isoforms remains limited. Through coordinated regulation of rhizosphere chemistry, proton motive force, redox balance, and stress-responsive metabolic networks, FA enhances root development, chlorophyll synthesis, antioxidant capacity, and photosynthetic performance, contributing to improved biomass accumulation and tolerance to drought, salinity, and metal stress. At the soil scale, FA supports carbon stabilization, phosphorus mobilization, and microbial functional activity, reinforcing long-term soil fertility. Despite substantial progress, FA efficacy remains source- and context-dependent, and mechanistic understanding of intracellular nutrient partitioning and soil–microbiome feedback is incomplete. Future research should prioritize molecular-level validation and source-specific standardization to enable predictable, climate-resilient nutrient management strategies.
Introduction. Congenital pneumonia (CP) is diagnosed in neonates with a frequency of 1.5–5%, remaining one of the most severe forms of intrauterine infection. Its high prevalence, the risk of respiratory failure, and prolonged disease course necessitate the introduction of additional therapeutic approaches. The study aimed to investigate the dynamics of alpha-tocopherol levels in the blood of full-term newborns with congenital pneumonia. Materials and Methods. The study included 83 neonates: 63 with clinically and laboratory‑confirmed CP and 20 healthy infants in the control group. Patients with CP were divided into two subgroups: Group I (n=32) received standard treatment combined with oral α‑tocopherol therapy, while Group II (n=31) received standard treatment only. Clinical and laboratory examinations were performed for all participants, including complete blood count, biochemical analysis, measurement of α‑tocopherol concentration by high‑performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry, and chest radiography. Statistical analysis was conducted using variation methods to verify the significance of differences between groups. Results and Discussion. At baseline, blood α‑tocopherol levels were comparable across groups. By day three of life, antioxidant concentrations increased, with a more pronounced rise in infants receiving additional therapy. By day six, differences became significant, with α‑tocopherol levels up to 4% higher in Group I. Clinically, this was associated with faster resolution of respiratory failure (3–4 days versus 5–7), reduction of intoxication signs, normalisation of laboratory parameters, and accelerated resorption of pulmonary infiltrates (9–10 days versus 12–14). The average duration of hospitalisation was reduced by three days. Conclusions. The use of α‑tocopherol in the treatment of neonates with congenital pneumonia reduces the incidence of respiratory failure to 15.8%, intoxication signs to 19.2%, and shortens hospital stay by three days. These findings confirm both the clinical and economic effectiveness of α‑tocopherol therapy as an adjunct to standard treatment in neonatal congenital pneumonia.
The study demonstrates the effectiveness of a differentiated approach to selecting the surgical correction method for chest wall deformities in children. The developed diagnostic and treatment algorithm, based on objective criteria for assessing the type and degree of deformation, patient age, and functional disorders, allows optimizing the choice of surgical tactics and achieving high functional and aesthetic treatment outcomes.
