The Tashkent Medical Academy or TMA (Uzbek: Toshkent tibbiyot akademiyasi; TMA) is a public undergraduate and graduate medical school and research university based in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. The TMA is one of the oldest and largest Universities in Uzbekistan, the center of medical education and research in medicine and Life Sciences in the Republic.It was founded in 1920 as Faculty of Medicine at the Turkestan State University and renamed to the Tashkent Medical Institute (ru.wikipedia.org: Ташкентский медицинский институт) in 1931, and became two separate Medical Universities: the First Tashkent State Medical Institute and the Second Tashkent State Medical Institute in 1990. The Tashkent Medical Academy was formed in 2005 by the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Islam Karimov by merging the First and Second Tashkent State Medical Institutes.The main campuses are located in Tashkent, the capital of Uzbekistan. The TMA includes six faculties, 52 departments, Multidisciplinary Clinic of TMA, as well as the Interuniversity Research Scientific Laboratory. There are three branches of TMA which function as independent institutions in the cities of Urgench, Termez and Fergana.
CAR-T cell therapy has been transformative in treating certain blood malignancies and is also being adopted for treating other malignancies, including solid tumors. Despite its undeniable successes, CAR-T cell therapy is frequently associated with severe and potentially life-threatening side effects and toxicities, including cytokine release syndrome (CRS), immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity (ICANS), graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) in allogeneic settings, secondary CAR-T-derived malignancies, and long-term immunosuppression-induced risk of infections. Recent advances in integrating gene-editing technology and nanomedicine into CAR-T cell therapy have opened new avenues to enhance the safety profile of CAR-T cell therapy and broaden its clinical applications. Gene-editing tools enable targeted modulation of the CAR-T cells' genome, thereby improving their safety profile by preventing related side effects. In parallel, nanomedicine can be used at various stages, including manufacturing and post-treatment, to prevent their occurrence or manage them. This review highlights the current preclinical and clinical landscape, explores the emerging combinatorial strategies, and discusses future directions to achieve a safe and more controllable CAR-T cell therapy.
Patient and healthcare provider knowledge were previously found to be significantly associated with viral hepatitis testing in Uzbekistan. However, no survey has assessed awareness and knowledge of viral hepatitis among the general population. In 2022, we conducted a cross-sectional population-based survey among persons aged≥18 years in seven of Uzbekistan’s 14 regions representing 60
This review analyzes the human resources of primary health care (PHC). It is part of a series of reviews on various PHC aspects (organizational, management, resources, financing, digitalization, and outcomes. It was compiled to assess the potential for using international experience and evidence-based recommendations to ensure that PHC is provided with trained and efficiently organized human resources in the member states of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). To compile the review, publications (with an emphasis on evidence-based reviews and methodological documents), regulatory documents, and online resources were selected using selected keywords and concepts related to the human resources aspect of PHC and its characteristics, as well as considering the criterion of potential impact on the outcomes of PHC provision. The article presents the results of a review of primary health care personnel in the context of the health system, including the implementation of recommendations for improving human resources with proven effectiveness, selected during the review process, in CIS member states. Particular attention to the potential of primary health care personal to implement the principle of permanence (continuity, succession, consistency) of health care allowed us to systematize the approaches used in the selected CIS countries for its implementation. All the review articles in this series address the transition from a "radar" principle associated with the concept of a "completed case of care" to continuous and ongoing permanent management by a local team of specialists to assist patients in managing their health throughout their lives. This approach allowed to conclude that the permanent provision of primary health care, based on patient cooperation and the use of evidence- based self-care and digital technologies, including telemedicine, helps to address the problem of PHC personnel shortage.
Objectives:Uzbekistan, historically a country with high hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection endemicity, introduced infant hepatitis B vaccination in 2001 and has sustained ≥90% coverage for hepatitis B vaccine birth dose (HepB-BD) and three or more doses. In 2017, Uzbekistan initiated hepatitis B elimination activities. However, data on hepatitis B prevalence in the general population were lacking. Methods:In 2022, we conducted a serosurvey among persons aged ≥5 years using stratified cluster sampling. Blood samples were tested for markers of HBV and hepatitis D virus (HDV) infections. Results:We enrolled 9063 adults aged ≥18 years and 4092 children aged 5-17 years. Overall weighted prevalence of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) was 4.1% (95% confidence interval, 3.1-5.0%); 13.0% (7.8-20.8%) of HBsAg-positive persons had detectable HDV ribonucleic acid (RNA). HBsAg prevalence was lowest (0.4%) among 5-14-year-olds and highest (7.3%) among 40-49-year-olds. Children who had not received HepB-BD had higher HBsAg prevalence (2.3%) than those who had received HepB-BD (0.1%, P < 0.001). Conclusion:Successful hepatitis B vaccination resulted in low HBV infection prevalence among children, but hepatitis B remains widespread among adults in Uzbekistan. Expanding HBV prevention, screening, and treatment among adults, and maintaining high infant vaccination coverage may help achieve hepatitis B elimination in Uzbekistan.
