This study investigates a food manufacturer’s optimal product-line design in a health-oriented supply chain characterized by consumer self-control heterogeneity and stochastic demand. Utilizing a newsvendor analytical framework, we examine the manufacturer’s choice among Pure-Healthy, Pure-Unhealthy, and Dual-Product strategies, where low self-control consumers prioritize hedonic attributes and high self-control consumers balance health and indulgence. Our results characterize the optimal product-line strategy regions and identify the Dual-Product strategy as a critical mechanism for retaining demand that internalizes heterogeneous consumer switching behavior. We further analyze demand shaping forces such as firm-led marketing and government interventions including sugar taxes and subsidies, finding that while marketing lowers the threshold for adopting healthy products, its profitability is contingent on consumer composition and reputation effects. We demonstrate that policy instruments exert asymmetric operational pressures, with sugar taxes compressing margins and subsidies expanding market reach; however, excessive subsidies may diminish social welfare if fiscal costs exceed demand expansion benefits. Ultimately, this research highlights that fostering a healthier food supply chain requires the coordinated management of consumer behavior and demand, production decisions, product line interactions, and policy intensity.
Background music is a prominent element of restaurant atmospherics, yet its role in shaping customer evaluations in ethnic restaurant settings remains underexplored. Drawing on a schema congruity perspective, this study examines how music type influences dining quality and value for money through perceived music–setting congruency. Two complementary studies were conducted: an online scenario-based experiment in Italian and Korean restaurant settings, and an on-site quasi-experiment in French and Chinese restaurants. Across both studies, culturally aligned background music increased music–setting congruency, which enhanced dining quality and value for money. Cross-context analyses further showed that the effect of music type on music–setting congruency varied across restaurant settings rooted in different cultural traditions, with stronger effects observed in Western-origin than in Eastern-origin restaurants. These findings extend understanding of how background music operates as a cultural cue in ethnic restaurant environments, providing practical guidance for designing restaurant atmospheres for favorable customer evaluations.
Cardiovascular diseases, particularly hypertension, remain a major global health burden, highlighting the need for accurate and accessible blood pressure (BP) monitoring. Cuffless BP measurement (BPM) based on pulse wave propagation methods (PWPM), including pulse arrival time (PAT), pulse transit time (PTT), and pulse wave velocity (PWV), has attracted increasing research interest. This review comprises two components. First, a narrative review of studies published up to June 2025 examines sensing technologies, mathematical models, and validation protocols used in PWPM-based BPM. Second, a statistical re-evaluation of 22 studies published between 2015 and 2025 was conducted using the Credence of Device Acceptability (CDA) and the Probability of Tolerable Error (PTE), grounded in the statistical principles of ISO 81060-2. Accuracy varied widely across physiological conditions, sensing technologies, and study designs, with no single approach demonstrating consistent superiority. The re-evaluation provided a more stringent assessment of performance: only five studies achieved CDA values exceeding 0.95 for both systolic and diastolic BP. Overall, diastolic BP estimation demonstrated superior accuracy compared with systolic BP. Incorporating physiological indices such as arterial compliance and sympathetic activity may improve the robustness and accuracy of BP estimation models. While machine learning shows promise for enhanced feature extraction, calibration tolerance and real-world reliability remain critical challenges. Importantly, the evaluation and development of cuffless BPM technologies should align with validation standards appropriate to the intended application. We recommend that future early-stage studies apply the CDA and PTE framework as supportive accuracy metrics to better assess methodological performance and inform device development and validation.
Self-harm rates among adolescents continue to increase globally, placing an increased demand on schools to respond to and manage young people whoengage in self-harm. Schools in developed countries report being ill-equipped tomanage self-harm, and unsure of how to use the evidence available to guide them.The methods used in this systematic review are based on Cochranemethodology. We conducted a search of peer-reviewed publications from threedatabases; PsycINFO, (OVID) MEDLINE and EMBASE published in English from 1990 until 30 September 2022 and completed a grey literature search via Google. Two authors (LB and SH) extracted data from publications that provides guidance, actionsand/or recommendations to school-based professionals (any school staff includingschool pastoral care) on the management of self-harm. The breadth of recommendations made to schools are discussed. Studies suggest schools need specific advice about role and responsibility to effectively respond to and manage self-harm in school settings. Evidenced based, action-oriented guidelines for schools to respond to self-harm is required.
Social robots are becoming more autonomous and they are likely to soon join organizational teams as active team members. As such, their personality design—specifically, their extroversion-introversion personality—matters, as it shapes individuals’ affective reactions. Yet it remains unclear through which underlying cognitive processes robot personality influences task satisfaction in team contexts. Past research efforts to understand these processes resulted in dispersed and conflicting theories. This study proposes a parsimonious conceptual model integrating theories on anthropomorphism and the theory of mind: the mental model attribution process (MMAP). Based on a between-subject animated video vignette study with 401 crowd workers, the MMAP explains how robot extroversion-introversion cues affect task satisfaction. The results show that extroverted social robots elicit higher task satisfaction than introverted robots. This effect is explained by increased anthropomorphism, leading to more agency and experience inference, and higher ascribed robot empathy. By integrating research on anthropomorphism, theory of mind, and robot personality design, this study contributes a parsimonious, empirically testable conceptual model for understanding affective reactions to social robots in a team context.
