Bangalore University (BU) is a public state university located in Bangalore, Karnataka, India. The university is a part of the Association of Indian Universities (AIU), Association of Commonwealth Universities (ACU) and affiliated by University Grants Commission (UGC). Bangalore University is accredited by the NAAC with grade A in 2016 under the new grading system. Bangalore University was trifurcated into Bengaluru City University and Bengaluru North University.
Using Argyria cuneata (AC) and Macroptilium atropurpureum (MA) biofuels, this study synthesises multifunctional cerium ferrite nanostructures using phytochemical combustion. XRD confirmed the synthesis of nanocrystalline, orthorhombic CeFeO₃ with high phase purity and structural integrity. Optical analysis showed dense defect-tail states and significant electron–phonon coupling with direct and indirect band gaps of 3.06–3.11 eV and 2.39–2.43 eV, respectively, and Urbach energies of 0.525–0.595 eV. The visible emission range of 461–697 nm in photoluminescence spectra is dominated by green and orange-red channels from oxygen vacancies, intervalence Fe2⁺/Fe3⁺ transitions, and Ce3⁺ 5d → 4f relaxations. MA-derived CeFeO₃ showed red-shifted emission, longer carrier lifetime, and improved chromatic stability of CRI = 91, CCT = 4684 K, while AC-derived CeFeO₃ showed stronger near-band-edge emission and higher photocatalytic degradation efficiency of 89.04
Aluminum lithium borate mixing with Gd2O3 glasses was fabricated with the conventional melt quench method. Using the XRD technique, the produced material’s amorphous nature was examined. Conductivity study shows that the measured impedance value decreases from about 6 × 108 Ω to 0.3 × 108 Ω, whereas the dielectric constant rises from about 4 to 24, as the gadolinium content increases. It can be seen that Gd3+ ions increase the radii of semi-circular impedance graphs, indicating that bulk resistance decreases. As the quantity of gadolinium increases, an increasing trend in AC conductivity from about 10⁻⁹ to 10⁻⁵ S/m is also observed in the high-frequency region. The glass transition temperature (Tg) rises from 468 °C to 493 °C, displaying a variety of thermal patterns as the Gd3+ ion content increases, according to the results of differential scan calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), which indicates that these materials are suitable for the fabrication of optical fibers and energy storage device applications.
Nickel oxide (NiO) is a versatile material with immense potential for next-generation optoelectronic and energy devices due to its stability, wide band gap, and tunable properties. NiO thin films were deposited under different Ar/O2 atmospheres using RF magnetron sputtering to investigate the influence of oxygen incorporation on their structural, morphological, and optical properties. XRD analysis revealed that the crystallite size decreases from 12 nm for NiO-A85 to 4 nm for oxygen-assisted films, accompanied by an increase in lattice strain and dislocation density. FESEM and AFM studies showed a transition from smooth and compact morphology (Rq ≈6.7 nm) to rougher surfaces with increased grain size and surface roughness (Rq ≈16.0 nm) for oxygen-rich films. Optical measurements indicated high transparency in the visible region (70–100
We report the synthesis and mesomorphic behaviour of two new series of liquid crystal dimers derived from N-alkylation of 1,4-phenylenedimethanamine with 4-cyanobiphenyl units linked by aliphatic spacers (n = 4-10). Polarizing optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction show that most dimers display nematic phases, with several exhibiting stable supercooled mesophases at room temperature. In thick films, rare +/- 1 nematic defects drive the spontaneous formation of fluorescent fibers (quantum yield 72.1%), with Schlieren patterns revealing local variations in elasticity and viscosity. This molecular design offers insights into self-assembling luminous nematic fibers for optoelectronic applications.
The oscillatory onset of buoyancy-driven convection in an Oldroyd-B fluid-saturated porous layer with linearly depth-dependent permeability is investigated. The viscoelastic rheology introduces elastic memory into the momentum balance through an extended Darcy law. Both increasing and decreasing permeability gradients are considered to examine how permeability stratification modifies elastic instability mechanisms. The resulting linear stability eigenvalue problem is solved using a Galerkin method to determine the critical conditions for instability over a wide range of relaxation, retardation, and variable permeability parameters. The onset of oscillatory convection is advanced by elastic relaxation and by permeability decreasing with depth, whereas retardation effects and permeability increasing with depth delay the instability. The retardation threshold at which the instability switches from oscillatory to stationary mode increases with the relaxation parameter and is only weakly influenced by the variable permeability parameter, irrespective of its sign. In the Maxwell limit, removal of stress retardation promotes instability and favors shorter-wavelength modes, highlighting the qualitative distinction between Maxwell and Oldroyd-B viscoelastic behavior. In the Newtonian limit, the classical results for convection with depth-dependent permeability are recovered.
