Bharati Vidyapeeth University Medical College & Hospital, Sangli or BVDU Medical College, Sangli is a Medical college located in Sangli, Maharashtra. This institute is the constituent college of Bharati Vidyapeeth. The institute has 150 undergraduate seats for MBBS course..
To compare PaO2/FiO2 (PF ratio) to SpO2/FiO2 (SF ratio) and oxygenation index (OI) to oxygenation saturation index (OSI) for predicting short term outcomes [mortality, progression to ventilation and ventilator free days (VFD)] and compare trends of S/F and OSI in predicting early mortality in children with acute hypoxemic respiratory distress. This prospective observational study included 200 consecutive children with acute hypoxemic respiratory distress. Serial PF and SF ratios calculated at 0, 6, 24 and 48 h were compared and their trends were utilized for prediction of 28 d mortality. Same was done in ventilated patients using OI and OSI. SF ratio at admission had a 72
Background:The rapid increase in digital technology use has led to unprecedented screen time levels among children and adolescents, raising concerns about overweight/obesity, especially in urban settings. Despite growing global evidence, limited data exists for Indian cities like Pune. Objectives:This cross-sectional study assessed the relationship between screen time duration and overweight/obesity in children's (6-11 years) and adolescents (12-19 years) in Pune, India, accounting for dietary patterns, physical activity, and sociodemographic factors. Methods:A sample of 3,920 students from urban Pune schools was evaluated for screen time, physical activity, diet, BMI, and sociodemographic variables. Multinomial logistic regression and structural equation modeling identified associations between these factors and overweight/obesity, stratified by age groups (6-11 and 12-19 years). Results:Overweight/obesity prevalence was 27.1%. Excessive screen time was strongly associated with higher overweight and obesity risk. Children with 2-4 h daily screen time had 35.69 times higher Adj. OR (p < 0.001), and those exceeding 4 h had 28.80 times higher Adj. OR (p < 0.001). Among children's (6-11 years), 2-4 h increased Adj. OR by 88.58 times (p < 0.001) and over 4 h by 69.45 times (p < 0.001). In adolescents (12-19 years), 2-4 h increased Adj. OR by 11.88 times (p < 0.001) and over 4 h by 9.22 times (p < 0.001). Conclusion:High screen time is a major modifiable risk factor for obesity among urban children and adolescents in Pune. Age-specific and family-centered interventions targeting reduced screen time and improved physical activity are urgently needed for effective obesity prevention and health promotion.
BackgroundNeonatal fungal sepsis is a significant contributor to late-onset sepsis in neonatal intensive care units, particularly among preterm and low-birth-weight infants. While its epidemiology and microbiology are well described, the hemodynamic profile remains poorly characterized. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical spectrum with a focused assessment of cardiovascular alterations using functional echocardiography.MethodsData for this retrospective observational study were collected from a tertiary care neonatal intensive care unit over a three-year period. Neonates with culture-proven fungal sepsis were included. Demographic, clinical, microbiological and outcome data were analyzed. Functional echocardiography was performed during active infection and repeated after microbiological clearance according to unit protocol. Paired hemodynamic comparisons were performed among survivors.ResultsTwenty-six neonates with fungal sepsis were included, of whom 73.1% were preterm and predominantly low birth weight. Non-Candida albicans species were the predominant isolates. Respiratory deterioration, feed intolerance and thrombocytopenia were common clinical manifestations, with frequent exposure to prolonged antibiotics, parenteral nutrition and central venous access. Functional echocardiography demonstrated significant cardiovascular involvement during active infection. Survivors showed reduced tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (6.4 ± 1.2 vs. 7.8 ± 2.4 mm), elevated pulmonary artery systolic pressure (28.5 ± 17.3 vs. 12.8 ± 4.2 mmHg), and increased right ventricular output (315.0 ± 49.4 vs. 246.0 ± 27.1 mL/kg/min), suggesting right ventricular dysfunction with pulmonary vascular involvement and a hyperdynamic circulatory state. Diastolic dysfunction was reflected by lower tricuspid and mitral E/A ratios. Hemodynamic parameters improved following antifungal therapy and microbiological clearance, while left ventricular systolic function remained relatively preserved. Mortality was 19.2%.ConclusionIn this cohort, neonatal fungal sepsis was associated with reversible hemodynamic alterations, predominantly involving right ventricular function and the pulmonary circulation. Functional echocardiography may provide valuable physiological insights and assist targeted hemodynamic management. Although our study did not include a bacterial sepsis comparator cohort, the observed cardiovascular alterations are broadly consistent with those reported in published neonatal bacterial sepsis studies.Clinical trial registrationThis study was registered with the Clinical Trials Registry of India (CTRI/2025/03/083270) on 23rd march 2025. Trial details are publicly accessible at https://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/pmaindet2.php?trialid=127824.
We report the case of a woman in her 30s who presented with intentional ingestion of approximately 50 mL of the herbicide 2,4-D dimethylamine salt. The initial clinical picture included vomiting, haematemesis, hypotension and hypokalaemia. After stabilisation, the endoscopy conducted demonstrated Zargar Grade 2a oesophageal and Grade 1 gastric corrosive injuries. Despite ongoing fluid resuscitation and potassium repletion, she developed acute kidney injury and liver dysfunction. Hence, forced alkaline diuresis with intravenous sodium bicarbonate and furosemide was instituted, targeting urine pH >7.5 for 72 hours. Renal and hepatic parameters subsequently recovered without the need for haemodialysis. The patient was discharged on day 7 and remained asymptomatic on follow-up. Early recognition and mechanism-based therapy with forced alkaline diuresis, combined with vigilant monitoring and electrolyte correction, can be an effective, feasible alternative to extracorporeal removal in appropriately selected patients with 2,4-D dimethylamine salt poisoning.
BackgroundClinical decision-making in acutely ill neonates often depends on the timely identification of the underlying pathology. Bedside point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS), performed by the treating clinician, allows immediate correlation of imaging findings with evolving clinical status. However, its role in evaluating renal and urinary tract abnormalities in neonates remains relatively underexplored and is not yet widely integrated into routine practice.MethodsThis multicenter case series included data from four tertiary neonatal intensive care units in India between January 2023 and March 2026. Neonates with acute clinical presentations in whom clinician-performed POCUS identified significant renal, adrenal, or urinary tract abnormalities were included. Ultrasound findings were interpreted alongside clinical and laboratory data and corroborated with formal imaging where required.ResultsSeven neonates with diverse clinical presentations were evaluated. POCUS identified a spectrum of infective, obstructive, hemorrhagic, and vascular pathologies involving the kidneys, bladder, and adrenal glands. Early detection with POCUS informed timely therapeutic decisions, including initiation of targeted antimicrobial or antifungal therapy, anticoagulation, relief of urinary obstruction, and appropriate conservative management. Serial examinations enabled ongoing assessment of disease evolution and response to treatment.ConclusionClinician-performed renal and urinary tract POCUS provides actionable diagnostic information in acutely ill neonates and supports prompt, targeted management at the bedside. Its use may enhance clinical decision-making, particularly in time-sensitive situations where immediate access to comprehensive imaging is limited. These findings support incorporation of renal–urinary tract POCUS into structured neonatal POCUS training programs.
