For the autonomous power supply system of a passenger car, the use of photovoltaic panels and a supercapacitor is considered in order to prevent deep discharge and reduce fluctuations in battery power. An electrical connection diagram of a supercapacitor and a solar panel, a method for calculating the uncompensated battery power and the principle of its compensation by a supercapacitor based on transistor control of a bidirectional step-down converter are presented. An algorithm for tracking the maximum power point of a photovoltaic panel using a step-up semiconductor converter has been developed. The calculation of the circuit elements using domestic components and verification of its operability based on computer modeling are performed.
There are known DC and AC electric drives with excitation control, containing negative feedback circuits for speed and flow derivative. In such drives, with an increase in the number of elements included in them, the efficiency always decreases proportionally to the number of links included in them. That is, if the power supplied to the drive motor is Pe = I × U, , then the power on the drive motor shaft will be equal to: P dr = Pe × Kdr , where Kdr - efficiency of the drive motor. The generator will supply the following power: Pg = Pe × Kdr × Kg, where Kg - generator efficiency. Further, the consumed power will also decrease as the number of links included in the chain with other consumers increases. The device described below is related to electric drives with speed feedback. The drive uses a parallel oscillatory circuit in which current resonance is achieved. This parallel oscillatory circuit has a built-in brushless anchor of a direct current motor DCm, which is powered by a brushless anchor of an alternating current generator G, made according to the synchronous generator scheme. The anchor of the generator G and the motor DCm are on the same shaft, forming a single system that is driven by the drive motor DM.
The use of bimetallic materials composed of copper alloys and steel offers operational and economic advantages. Sintering copper powder onto a steel substrate serves as a relatively simple and effective method for producing such bimetallic materials, with the addition of tin and lead during sintering enhancing anti-friction properties. However, a key limitation of this method is the relatively low hardness of the copper alloy layer. Moreover, lead has a tendency to form large inclusions at the grain boundaries of copper, which can act as stress concentrators and initiate cracks, ultimately leading to material failure. Wave deformation hardening (WDH) has been identified as a strategy to address this issue. WDH has shown to be effective for hardening metallic materials at room temperature and when preheated. In this study, WDH was applied to copper alloy coatings on steel substrates in bimetallic samples heated to various temperatures, with the results showing that WDH significantly increased the hardness of the copper alloy layer. The size of large lead inclusions in the copper alloy microstructure was also reduced, while the number of smaller inclusions increased, resulting in a more uniform distribution. The most favorable results were obtained at a WDH temperature of 300°C, which produced more than a threefold increase in hardening compared to room-temperature treatment. WDH effectively improves the mechanical properties of bimetallic materials.
The paper describes engineering, scientific and pedagogical activities of Professor Matvey Markovich Kantor, the famous scientist in the field of metallurgy and metal science. In 1936, M.M. Kantor's successful scientific career was interrupted, and he was sentenced to 5 years in work camp under the 58th article. While serving his sentence, he made a great contribution to the development of metallurgy in Kolyma. Since 1946, he worked at Bezhitsky (Bryansk) Institute of Transport Engineering, headed the Department of Metal Technology and Metal Science.
The paper describes the life of the famous Russian scientist in the field of thermal engineering, higher school teacher, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor Vladimir Iosifovich Evenko (1916 - 2008). During the Great Patriotic War, he participated in the labor front. From 1952 to 1998, he worked at Bryansk Institute of Transport Engineering - Bryansk State Technical University as an associate professor, professor, and head of the Department of Thermal Engineering (1963 - 1969, 1984 - 1987), Internal Combustion Engines (1973 - 1983). He is the founder of a scientific school in the field of thermal engineering.
