Bukidnon State University (abbreviated as BSU; colloquially referred to as BukSU) is a state university in Malaybalay City, Bukidnon, Philippines. Formerly known as Bukidnon State College, it became a university in 2007; the other university in the province is Central Mindanao University in Musuan, Maramag. BukSU is the only university that carries the name of Bukidnon in its official name.
Access to essential medicines is a cornerstone of public health, yet in many health systems, poorly coordinated supply chains lead to stockouts and losses. Recent policy reforms and partnerships have created momentum for pharmaceutical supply chain integration in Sierra Leone, yet systemic barriers remain. This study explored the facilitators and barriers to pharmaceutical supply chain integration in Sierra Leone. A qualitative study was conducted using in-depth, semi-structured interviews with sixteen purposively selected key informants. Participants were drawn from six districts in Sierra Leone and included national supply chain leads, program pharmacists, district pharmacists, and development partners, representing diverse perspectives across policy, implementation, and technical support. Data were analysed deductively through thematic content analysis guided by the Socio‑Technical Systems (STS) framework, which structured interpretation across five constructs: technical facilitators, technical barriers, social facilitators, social barriers, and socio‑technical interactions. Data collection and analysis proceeded iteratively until thematic saturation was reached, with NVivo software used to support coding and data management. Digital platforms, alongside supportive policy frameworks and strong partnerships, emerged as key facilitators, improving data visibility, accountability, and coordination. Capacity-building and collaborative networks further enhanced integration. However, systemic barriers persist, including limited storage capacity, fragmented procurement, seasonal distribution challenges, financing gaps, workforce attrition, and heavy donor dependence. Socio-technical interactions revealed that mistrust over data ownership, policy inconsistency, and reliance on partners often undermined progress in integration. While digital innovations and policy initiatives have advanced pharmaceutical supply chain integration in Sierra Leone, sustainability remains constrained by infrastructural, financial, and workforce limitations. Building a resilient and self‑reliant system requires a balanced approach that addresses both technical and social dimensions. Policy action should prioritise strengthening domestic financing, harmonising procurement systems, and investing in human resource capacity alongside technological upgrades. These measures are critical for building a resilient, self‑reliant, and integrated pharmaceutical supply chain that ensures equitable access to medicines.
Body shaming and weight discrimination remain largely unaddressed in Philippine law and policy despite their significant implications for human dignity, equality, and health. This paper examines how existing statutes, including the Safe Spaces Act (RA 11,313), the Anti-Bullying Act (RA 10,627), and the Cybercrime Prevention Act (RA 10,175), provide partial remedies but fail to explicitly recognize weight or body size as protected categories. While these laws penalize harassment, bullying, and online defamation, their scope is fragmented and enforcement inconsistent. High-profile cases, such as sanctions against public transport operators and electoral candidates, highlight both the potential and the limitations of current mechanisms. Drawing from fat studies scholarship, the commentary situates body shaming within broader systems of stigma and normalization that shape cultural and political life in the Philippines. It argues that meaningful protection requires a dual strategy: strengthening legal frameworks through explicit recognition of weight discrimination, while also advancing cultural change through fat activism and digital resistance. Insights from fat studies on activism as a social movement and emerging work on digital counter-narratives show that legal reforms must be paired with grassroots and cultural initiatives that challenge systemic body-based oppression. By combining legislative protections, institutional safeguards, and activist strategies, the Philippines can move beyond incidental remedies toward structural and cultural change. Establishing comprehensive protections would affirm the state's commitment to dignity and equality for all individuals, while also creating space for collective resistance to body normativity and the celebration of body diversity.
The development of digital transformation in the banking industry has encouraged Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) to digitally transform its mobile banking services by releasing the BYOND by BSI SuperApp as the latest version of BSI Mobile. However, in early 2025, a digital service disruption occurred, leading to an increase in customer complaints, including at Bank BSI. This disruption caused inconvenience in transactions and potentially affected customer satisfaction and loyalty. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the extent to which service quality and complaint handling influenced customer loyalty through customer satisfaction. This study used a quantitative approach with a survey method. Data were collected by distributing questionnaires to BSI KCP Pemalang customers using a purposive sampling technique. The sample of this study were BYOND users who were affected by the disruption, had previously reported problems related to BYOND, were at least 18 years old, and lived in the Pemalang area. The measurement scale used a five-point Likert scale. Data analysis was performed using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method based on Partial Least Square (PLS) with the SmartPLS 4 application. The results showed that service quality and complaint handling influenced customer satisfaction. However, service quality and complaint handling did not influence customer loyalty. Customer satisfaction was shown to influence loyalty and mediate the relationship between service quality and complaint handling on customer loyalty with p values 0,001 and 0,003. The practical implication of this research is the importance of prioritizing consumer satisfaction in handling their complaints.
This study examined how non-cognitive factors such as academic burnout, selfesteem, and academic buoyancy influence pre-service teachers' (PSTs) mathematics performance. Utilizing a descriptive-survey correlational design, data were gathered from 108 PSTs, and the results revealed that most PSTs performed within the middle range, with some demonstrating higher proficiency while others struggled, particularly those who scored low in mathematics. Additionally, academic buoyancy in mathematics was found to be moderately high, while academic burnout and selfesteem were at moderate levels. In terms of non-cognitive factors, academic burnout exhibited a significant negative correlation with mathematics performance, whereas self-esteem showed a strong positive relationship with mathematics performance. However, academic buoyancy did not have a statistically significant correlation with performance. Furthermore, among the non-cognitive factors, self-esteem emerged as the strongest predictor of mathematics performance, while academic burnout significantly reduced performance. In contrast, academic buoyancy was not a significant predictor, suggesting that its influence on mathematics performance might be mediated by other variables not covered in this study. Although academic buoyancy did not significantly predict mathematics performance, its role in long-term academic resilience warrants further exploration. It is also recommended that instructors adjust workload demands to minimize PSTs' disengagement and emotional exhaustion. Additionally, promoting healthy study habits, work-life balance, and relaxation techniques may help PSTs manage burnout more effectively.
