Climate change creates major obstacles that threaten both agricultural sustainability and food security in wetlands that are most at-risk in Bangladesh's haor regions where smallholder farmers deal with constant flooding and soil erosion and decreasing crop yields. The research investigates how vermicompost-based conservation agriculture (CA) impacts soil health and carbon storage capacity and crop yield and ecosystem resilience in the haor region of Sunamganj District Bangladesh. A participatory action research framework was implemented to evaluate conservation agriculture (CA) and conventional farming methods on four crops which included amaranth, basella, grass pea, and mustard through a randomized complete block design that used three replications during the Rabi season from October 2025 to February 2026. The study used ANOVA to analyze soil physicochemical properties and crop morphological traits and biomass production together with climatic data from NASA POWER DAV. The results showed that CA plots contained more organic matter and better micronutrient accessibility and higher root biomass which reached 7.29 t ha⁻¹ and their carbon sequestration capacity reached 2,916 kg ha⁻¹ organic carbon. The CA-grown grass pea varieties achieved greater seed production with stable yields that reached 1.7 t ha⁻¹ while intercropping systems enhanced leaf area and biomass distribution which demonstrated better resource use and soil moisture conservation. However, mustard was discarded from recommendation due to the lack of survival capacity in that ecosystem. The research demonstrates that vermicompost-based conservation agriculture increases soil biodiversity while decreasing chemical dependence and improving climate resilience in wetland agroecosystems. The research presents a community-based agricultural transformation model which can be expanded to achieve sustainable farming practices in climate-vulnerable haor regions while providing evidence that agroecological methods create resilient food systems for South Asia.
Pflegeheimbewohner_innen leiden häufig unter schmerzverursachenden Erkrankungen. Gemäß dem biopsychosozialen Modell von Egle et al. können Schmerzen auf unterschiedlichen Dimensionen die Betroffenen beeinträchtigen. Jedoch werden bei der Behandlung die unterschiedlichen Schmerzdimensionen häufig nicht berücksichtigt, und in vielen Fällen werden Schmerzen seitens des Pflegepersonals nicht identifiziert. Diese Studie zielt darauf ab, die Schmerzprävalenz sowie die gesetzten Interventionen zur Schmerzreduktion in einem österreichischen Pflegeheim zu erheben. Die deskriptive Querschnittsstudie wurde mittels einer Gelegenheitsstichprobe in einem österreichischen Pflegeheim durchgeführt. Der Schwerpunkt der Erhebung lag auf der Erfassung der Schmerzprävalenz, -intensität und -dauer sowie der durchgeführten Interventionen zur Schmerzreduktion. Von 121 Bewohner_innen nahmen 67 teil. 39 Bewohner_innen gaben an, unter Schmerzen zu leiden, wobei der Großteil von ihnen von chronischen Schmerzen betroffen war. Bei den betroffenen Bewohner_innen wurden insgesamt 64 Interventionen durchgeführt, wobei es sich hauptsächlich um pharmakologische handelte. Nichtpharmakologische Interventionen spielen in der Schmerzbehandlung eine wichtige Rolle, wurden jedoch selten vom Pflegepersonal eingesetzt. Die Ergebnisse dieser Erhebung wurden mit Pflegepersonen des Pflegeheims diskutiert, und basierend darauf wurde eine Übersicht zu nichtpharmakologischen Interventionen erstellt. Der sogenannte „Werkzeugkoffer“ ist frei verfügbar und soll Pflegepersonen dabei unterstützen, gemeinsam mit den Betroffenen die geeignete Intervention zur Schmerzreduktion auszuwählen.
Early initiation of breastfeeding, defined as breastfeeding within one hour of birth, halves the risk of neonatal mortality, establishing it as a crucial outcome component in various interventions implemented across South Asian countries. However, the overall effect of these interventions remain unexamined. Therefore, this study seeks to address this knowledge gap by evaluating the overall effect of these interventions on maternal early initiation of breastfeeding practice. A systematic literature search was performed to identify randomised controlled trials conducted in South Asia focusing on early initiation of breastfeeding as an outcome variable. The interventions identified were categorized into behavioral, mobile health (mHealth), health system strengthening, and nutritional interventions. Random effects meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the pooled effect of interventions and effectiveness by intervention categories. Heterogeneity was explored by sub-group and meta-regression analyses. The risk of bias and strength of evidence were assessed by Cochrane’s RoB2 assessment tool and GRADE criteria, respectively. We included 22 articles published, representing 19 unique interventions, from a pool of 2,524 screened records for review and narrative synthesis. Among these, 19 articles were eligible for meta-analysis. The pooled relative risk (RR) of early initiation of breastfeeding among mothers in the intervention groups, as compared to their counterparts, was 1.55 (95
