We studied the effect of peat smoke intoxication in pregnant rats on the early postnatal development of the second-generation offspring. The smoke was inhaled on days 14-18 of pregnancy. The first-generation offspring at puberty (3 months) was mated to produce the second-generation offspring in the following 3 variants: females exposed to prenatal smoke and intact males (experiment 1), males exposed to prenatal smoke and intact females (experiment 2), and males and females exposed to prenatal smoke (experiment 3); intact females and males comprised the control group. In the second-generation offspring, physical development, body weight gain dynamics, rate of maturation of sensorimotor reflexes, and parameters of open-field behavior were assessed. The results showed that exposure to peat smoke in pregnant rats reduced survival rates and impaired physical development in the second-generation offspring.
Introduction. Working posture assessment is important in occupational health and occupational medicine because unfavorable positions of body segments form postural load associated with musculoskeletal disorders. The RULA method provides sequential assessment of the upper limb and hand, neck, trunk, and lower limbs, as well as muscle work and external load. The lack of a unified Russian-language algorithm limits standardized use of the method.The aim of the study is to present the methodological framework for working posture assessment using the RULA method in Russian and to pilot the method among surgeons.Materials and methods. The study included a methodological description of the RULA algorithm with preservation of the original calculation structure and pilot application in the analysis of 28 operations. The most unfavorable working posture during the main stage of the intervention was assessed. Operations were grouped by variants of surgical work organization: microscope-assisted, laparoscopic, open, and endovascular procedures. The final RULA score, group A and group B scores, and the ΔA — B index were determined. The Kruskal–Wallis and Wilcoxon tests were used.Results. In all variants of surgical work, the final RULA score reached 7. In microscope-assisted, laparoscopic, and open operations, group A scores exceeded group B scores (p=0,031; p=0,031; p=0,002), indicating the leading contribution of upper limb and hand position. In endovascular operations, a tendency toward predominance of group B was observed, reflecting a greater contribution of neck, trunk, and lower limb position (p=0,063). Intergroup differences in the component profile were significant (p<0,001).Limitations. The study was observational, included a limited number of observations, and involved heterogeneous operations within the groups.Conclusion. The Russian-language presentation of RULA can be used as a standardized tool for ergonomic assessment of working posture. Analysis of the balance between groups A and B makes it possible to clarify the mechanisms of unfavorable posture formation and substantiate targeted preventive measures.Ethics. The study was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research (Protocol No. 3 dated March 24, 2025) and was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki of the World Medical Association, as revised in 2013. All participants provided voluntary informed consent.Contributions:Budaev A.E. — study concept and design, manuscript drafting, editing;Lakhman O.L. — study concept and design, editing.Use of AI. During manuscript preparation, ChatGPT, GPT-5.5 Thinking (OpenAI), was used for text editing and searching for additional literature sources; date of use: June 9, 2026.Funding. The study was performed within the funds allocated for the state assignment of the East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research.Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.Received: 31.07.2026 / Accepted: 31.08.2026 / Published: 11.09.2026
Introduction. Improving the accuracy, effectiveness, and safety of magnetic contrast media for MRI diagnostics is an urgent task for both clinical medicine and researcher. Therefore, the introduction of new innovative drugs opens up additional opportunities for assessing the functional state of organs and tissues, significantly increasing the accuracy of diagnosis and the effectiveness of treatment.Materials and methods. The parameters of acute toxicity, species and sexual sensitivity to an innovative drug containing gadolinium nanoparticles stabilized with arabinogalactane (GD-AH) and a commercial drug for MRI studies, Gadodiamide (a reference drug), were evaluated using the intragastric route of administration in outbred rats of both sexes at a dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight (b.w.). Additionally, acute toxicity assessment for the innovative drug GD-AG was performed with intraperitoneal administration in mice at doses of 2000 and 300 mg/kg b.w.Results. Intragastric administration of Gadodiamide and the innovative Gd-AG nanocomposite to rats of both sexes caused neither the death of animals nor changes in internal organs during macroscopic examination. Intraperitoneal administration of 2000 mg/kg b.w. GD-AG to mice resulted in 100% death. A dose of 300 mg/kg b.w. did not cause death, but macroscopic changes in internal organs were observed.Limitations. The study is limited to studying the acute toxicity parameters of an innovative drug containing gadolinium nanoparticles stabilized with arabinogalactane (GD-AG) and a commercial drug for MRI studies, Gadodiamide.Conclusion. According to the toxicometric parameters of acute toxicity, the average lethal doses for intragastric administration of the commercial drug Gadodiamide and the innovative nanocomposite Gd-AG to rats do not differ from each other and are definted as >2000 mg/kg b.w., which characterizes them as substances with a low risk of acute toxicity (hazard class V). The average lethal dose for the intraperitoneal route of administration of Gd-AG nanocomposite is in the range of 300 mg/kg b.w. < LD50 < 2000 mg/kg b.w., which belongs to the IV class of acute toxicity according to the classification of K.K.Sidorov and is defined as a substance with low toxicity.Compliance with ethical standards. The study was approved by the local Ethics Committee of the FSBSI VSIMEI (Protocol No. 8 dated 12/15/2023), conducted in accordance with the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals Used for Experiments or Other Scientific Purposes (ETS N 123), Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council of the European Union 2010/63/EC dated 09/22/2010 on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes.Contribution: Sosedova L.M. – research concept and design, statistical data processing, text writing, editing; Novikov M.A. – data collection and processing, statistical data processing, text writing; Titov E.A. – literary study, data collection and processing, statistical data processing; Pankova A.A. – data collection and processing, statistical data processing; Vokina V.A. – data collection and processing, statistical data processing, text writing; Konkova T.V. – data collection and processing, synthesis of nanocomposite, statistical data processing; Sukhov B.G. – research concept and design, editing. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.Funding. The study had no sponsorship.Received: July 8, 2025 / Accepted: October 15, 2025 / Published: April 17, 2026
Introduction. Taking into account key activities of federal project «Health for Everyone», preservation of children’s health is of particular importance. Aim is to assess the state of actual nutrition in school-age children living in territory of small indigenous peoples of Siberia.Materials and methods. The study was conducted among children living in Okinsky district of Republic of Buryatia. Assessment of actual nutrition was carried out by questionnaire, processing of results using software. Statistical significance was assumed at p < 0.05.Results. Assessment of optimality of proportion of macronutrients in structure of energy value in children’s diets showed that proportion of protein corresponds to norm, with exception of diets in 11–14 years girls with a low body mass index (BMI). There is a deficiency in the share of carbohydrates in the Energy Value (EV) with a surplus in the share of fats, saturated fatty acids, omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and added sugar. In the lipid profile of children’s diets, the optimal proportion of PUFAs in EV is noted with an imbalance in the ratio of ≥ 3 and ≥ 6 PUFAs.Limitations. Since information was obtained during a one-time examination, this does not allow to unambiguously prove causality of causes of overweight and obesity, most of which are multifactorial in nature.Conclusion. The identified features of actual nutrition in children require coordinated work of an interdisciplinary team of experts to find an adequate solution in formation of optimal nutrition.Compliance with ethical standards. The study complied with the World Medical Association’s Declaration of Helsinki (current version). Prior to conducting the study, approval was obtained from the Bioethics Committee of the East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research (Protocol No. 2 dated June 11, 2024).Contribution: Bogdanova O.G. – concept and design of the study, collection of material, analysis and interpretation of data, writing and editing of the text; Urbanova E.Z. – organization of the study, collecting material, statistical data processing, writing the primary version of the text; Mylnikova I.V. – study design, text editing; Mokhosoeva A.A. – collecting material, statistical data processing. All co-authors – approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.Acknowledgments. The authors express their gratitude: for the opportunity to conduct the study, the director of the Orlik Secondary School B.D. Sharastepanov, the teaching staff of the school and all participants in the study.Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.Funding. The study was carried out at the expense of a grant from the Russian Science Foundation No. 25-25-00092, https://rscf.ru/project/25-25-00092/Received: July 7, 2025/ Revised: March 11, 2026 / Accepted: March 24, 2026 / Published: June 18, 2026
In prospective open-label study, the effectiveness of local injection therapy (LIT) with betamethasone under ultrasound navigation was evaluated in patients with epicondylitis and vibration disease. A statistically significant reduction in pain on the visual analog scale (from 5.0 to 2.75 points) and an improvement in the structure of enthesis were observed based on ultrasound data. This method provides rapid pain relief and restoration of work capacity. The authors recommend using this method in comprehensive treatment of patients with occupational diseases.
