The Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Russian: Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека) or Rospotrebnadzor (Russian: Роспотребнадзор) is the federal service responsible for the supervision of consumer rights protection and human wellbeing in Russia. This service was founded in 2004, and was included in the structure of the Ministry of Health Care of Russia until 2012. In May 2012 Rospotrebnadzor was removed from the supervision of the Ministry of Health and now reports directly to the Russian Government. It functions on the authority of the Act of Federal Service on the base of the Administrative Regulation.
In connection with the planned prolonged discharge of tritium-containing water from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, a gradual increase in tritium concentrations is expected in the coastal waters of the Far Eastern regions of the Russian Federation.The aim of this study is to improve the methods for ensuring the radiation safety of the population under conditions of long-term discharge of radioactive water from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant based on numerical modeling of ocean current circulation.Materials and Methods: Seawater samples from the coastal areas of Kamchatka, Primorsky, and Khabarovsk Krais, Magadan and Sakhalin Oblasts, and the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug for the period 2023–2025 were used for the analysis of tritium content. Lagrangian models accounting for the spatiotemporal structure of oceanic circulation and currents were employed to describe tritium transport processes.Results and Discussion: The mean values of tritium specific activity in samples collected at distances of up to 1000 m from the shore were shown to range from less than 1.0 Bq/kg to 5.5 Bq/kg. Numerical modeling revealed potential accumulation zones for tritium discharged with treated water from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant: the Southern Kuril Islands, Sakhalin Island, the southern tip of the Kamchatka Peninsula, and Bering Island. The East Kamchatka Current forms a dynamic barrier along the eastern coast of Kamchatka, limiting the intrusion of contaminated waters into coastal areas.Conclusion: To organize effective long-term monitoring of tritium in seawater and, subsequently, in seafood, it is necessary to refine the areas of the most likely tritium accumulation in the waters of the Russian Far East.
Received: November 11, 2025 / Accepted: December 2, 2025 / Published: January 15, 2026
Проведён комплексный анализ распространённости и сцепленности генов вирулентности, который продемонстрировал необходимость комплексного подхода к разработке плюрипотентных профилактических препаратов против UPEC-штаммов E. coli.
To assess the possibility of integrating extracellular double-stranded DNA fragments into the recipient genome of hematopoietic stem cells, a complex substrate was constructed consisting of the entire M13F-AluI-M13R fragment and its two restrictive derivatives, appearing after hydrolysis with restriction endonucleases EcoRI and HindIII: M13FAluI-EcoRI and M13R-AluI-HindIII. The substrate contained a pBlueScript+ plasmid polylinker sequence, absent in the human genome, which framed the human AluI fragment cloned at the EcoRV site. Human bone marrow cells were treated with the DNA of the constructed complex substrate; taking into account the repair time of pangenomic single-strand breaks, preparations of metaphase plates were obtained. FISH revealed specific fluorescent signals. Simultaneously, DNA isolated from colonies obtained from bone marrow cells treated with a complex substrate was sequenced. Two rounds of sequencing were carried out: whole-genome and selective after targeted hybridization on metal beads. The results obtained indicate that homologous exchange between extrachromosomal and chromosomal DNA is possible. Integration into the genome via the single-strand annealing mechanism, involving microhomologies, is also possible. Intermediates were discovered that suggest the existence of an unusual integration into the genome at the nick of one end of the fragment and the other end of the fragment hanging freely into the interchromosomal space. A direct assessment of the possibility of integrating TAMRA-labeled fragments of fragmented human DNA and E. coli DNA into the genome of recipient cells was carried out using a human bone marrow cell model. The results obtained indicate that specific signals of homologous DNA are distributed throughout the chromosome body (human bone marrow cell model). Signals from nonhomologous E. coli DNA are predominantly concentrated in the centromeric regions of chromosomes. The ratio of the number of obtained reads with integration elements and FISH signals suggested the existence of a strong interaction between extracellular fragments and chromosomal DNA. Experiments have been conducted showing that linear plasmid DNA, after internalization into hematopoietic stem cells, forms a monomer ring. Internalized into the intracellular space, extracellular plasmid DNA is isolated together with chromosomal DNA after stringent purification and fractionation procedures. This fact suggests the existence of a strong ring associate of plasmid DNA and chromosome DNA formed without the participation of a protein framework in the form of a looped chromosomal strand.
