Introduction: Testicular biopsies are performed for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Diagnostic testicular biopsies are usually performed as a part of a male infertility work-up. Therapeutic testicular excision biopsies are performed for a wide range of disorders, including neoplastic lesions, inflammatory lesions, cryptorchidism, testicular trauma, and as a part of prophylactic treatment of carcinoma prostate.Aim: To evaluate the indications for orchidectomy and diagnostic testicular biopsies and to understand the histopathological spectrum of testicular lesions and concordance with clinical diagnosis.Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted in the Department of Pathology, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India. The study period is from July 2017 to June 2020. Data was collected and analysed in August 2020. All testis' biopsies, including excision and diagnostic biopsies, are included in the study. Histopathological findings and the clinical diagnosis were evaluated for concordance. Data were tabulated and statistically evaluated for age distribution, laterality, and frequency using Microsoft Excel 2021. Percentages for the variables and concordance rate were calculated.Results: A total of 139 cases (mean age 54.5 years) were included in the study. Prophylactic orchidectomy for carcinoma prostate (64/139=46.04%) was the most common clinical indication. Non neoplastic lesions account for 48.20% (67/139). Frequent non neoplastic lesions are testicular torsion (23/139=16.55%) and abscess (12/139=8.63%), followed by cryptorchidism (9/139=6.47%). Left-sided lesions are more frequent than right-sided lesions. Histopathology confirmed two cases of suspected male infertility and Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS). Neoplastic lesion accounts to 6.47% (9/139). Frequent neoplasm in the study was seminoma (3/139=2.16%), followed by lymphoma (2/139=1.44%). Other neoplasms included in the study were mixed germ cell tumours, post-pubertal teratoma, and spermatocytic tumour. Testicular tuberculosis accounts to 1.44% (2/139) in the present population. Conclusion: Non neoplastic lesions were common compared to testicular neoplasms. Testicular torsion, followed by abscess, was the most common indication for orchidectomy. Testicular Tuberculosis can mimic a neoplasm on clinical and radiological work-up. Hence, careful evaluation has to be performed in young suspected cases of tuberculosis.
We, the following, propose to conduct a symposium on “Positive mental health by embracing arts: personal perspectives”, at ANCIPS 2022, Vizag, Vishakhapatnam. Positive mental health, keeping in with Keyes’s terminology, is a combination of subjective well-being and of being fully functional, thereby, encompassing both positive feelings and positive functioning. This definition integrates 2 distinct aspects- the hedonistic one ,emphasizing feelings of pleasure or happiness and also the eudemonic one , which relies on behavior and thoughts providing engagement and fulfillment. As individual approaches towards this concept vary, so also the mean towards this goal of positive mental health become more perspective. In recent times, the pandemic also brought along with it a shadow epidemic of mental ill-health and distress , which tested the resilience and coping strategies of laity and health professionals alike. Mental health professionals too, though were not in the same proverbial boat, were in the same pandemic storm! So each of us , psychiatrists here, would like to share how we worked towards positive mental health of our own and others, by embracing some form of art and how it helped us cope with something which has hopefully ended, with new beginnings, for us as well!
Currently, all major e-retailers and even the start-ups have incorporated web analytics services on their websites to monitor customer behaviour while extracting personal data. However, the web analytics data collection methods and the applications of such collected data have raised a lot of concerns regarding the ethical use of this data. The present work identifies some important ethical challenges and unethical practices that have cropped up with the usage of these techniques. The research also suggests the measures to reduce the volume and type of personal data that can be monitored by the websites/applications at the user level. It also elaborates on measures and requirements that need to be undertaken by the online retailers at the policy level to meet the country and industry standards, while keeping their practices ethical.
This study determined the relationship of employee commitment, job satisfaction, and organizational performance among multigenerational workforce as a basis for formulating human resource development plan. The descriptive survey and correlational research design was used employing quantitative method. The data were gathered through the survey questionnaire and administered to the one hundred fifty (150) respondents from teaching and non-teaching personnel of the studied private non-sectarian school. The data gathered were analyzed through frequency, percentage, weighted mean and pearson correlation. The findings of the study revealed that Baby Boomers, Generation X, and Generation Y “agreed” that their commitment has positive correlation to organizational performance (Ho1). It was also found that Baby Boomers, Generation X, and Generation Y are “satisfied” with their job which resulted to positive correlation to organizational performance (Ho2). Given the overall results, the study recommends that human resource development plan which is formulated based on the findings of the study should be adopted by the private non-sectarian school in General Santos City.
