Hakim Sabzevari University (HSU) (Persian: دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری, Daneshgah-e Hakim Sabzevari) is one of the most developed public universities in Sabzevar city at Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. Hakim Sabzevari University is one of the most prestigious public universities in Iran and the oldest university in Sabzevar. HSU was established in 1973 when its name was Kar University. After the Iran revolution in 1979, this university was halted until 1987. It was reestablished in 1987 as a branch of Tarbiat Moallem University of Tehran but later became independent and it was renamed to Hakim Sabzevari University in 2011, after Hadi Sabzevari, a prominent Iranian philosopher and theologian. HSU offers 139 bachelors, masters, and Ph.D. programs to more than 8152 male and female students studying under about 263 faculty members in 10 departments. HSU is known as the dynamic in science and the leading in development university in Iran. Hakim Sabzevari University has more than 264 international students studying from different countries at this university. According to the Islamic World Science Citation Center statistics, HSU is ranked 41st in Iran amongst other universities of Ministry of Science, Research and Technology. The university currently consists of 10 faculties.
The effect of different entrance walls (including graphene, graphene oxide (GO), boron nitride (BN), silicone carbide (SiC), and Ti2C MXene layer) has been examined on water and ion fluxes in desalination process using carbon nanotube by molecular dynamics simulations. Our results indicated that the kind of entrance wall has significant effect on the desalination process. The Ti2C MXene layer showed higher water and ion fluxes than the other systems at 300 and 320 K at high pressure of 250 MPa. The GO surface exhibits the least water and ions fluxes at all pressures and temperatures which is due to the strong water-wall interactions. Therefore, the GO surface is the best choice of the entrance wall if the goal is only the greatest rejection rate. It is also shown that there are not significant differences between graphene, BN, and SiC surfaces in desalination process.
Biopolymeric 3D-printed scaffolds promote cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation for tissue regeneration. This study addresses the mechanical limitations of natural polymers and enhances interfacial bonding and bioactivity by fabricating polycaprolactone-lignin (PCL-Lig) copolymer scaffolds via ring-opening copolymerization, achieving a 71
Background: Despite growing interest in artificial intelligence (AI)-mediated second or foreign language (L2) learning, little is known about the role of AI-driven informal digital learning of English (AI-IDLE) in shaping learners' communicative intention and motivation. Furthermore, how L2 learner traits such as grit may influence the relationship between AI-IDLE and communicative outcomes remains largely underexplored.Purpose: This study examined the association between AI-IDLE and two communicative variables - L2 willingness to communicate (WTC) and speaking motivation - with a particular focus on the mediating role of L2 grit.Methods: Participants were 244 English as a foreign language (EFL) learners (123 males, 121 females). Structural equation modeling was employed to examine the direct and indirect associations among AI-IDLE, L2 grit, WTC, and L2 speaking motivation.Results: Findings revealed that AI-IDLE significantly and directly predicted grit and WTC but not speaking motivation. L2 grit emerged as a strong predictor of both WTC and speaking motivation, and functioned as a full mediator in the relationships between AI-IDLE and the two communicative outcomes.Conclusion: These results highlight L2 grit as a key factor linking AI-driven informal learning with learners' communicative readiness and motivation, suggesting that fostering grit may maximize the benefits of AI tools for L2 learning.
Educational settings are crucial for fostering children's cognitive development and promoting positive mental health. Additionally, children's willingness to explore and ask questions can greatly enhance these qualities. This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of critical thinking in the relationships between attitudes towards curiosity, resilience and anxiety control. A total of 573 elementary-school students were recruited through stratified sampling. The instruments used in this study were the Children's Attitudes Towards Curiosity Scale, the Critical Thinking Scale, the Anxiety Control Scale, and the Child and Youth Resilience Scale. Correlation results indicated that attitudes towards curiosity was associated with critical thinking, anxiety control, and resilience. Using structural equation modeling (SEM), mediation analyses showed that attitudes towards curiosity exerted an indirect effect on anxiety control through critical thinking. However, critical thinking did not mediate the relationship between attitudes towards curiosity and resilience. Preliminary analyses showed no significant gender differences in the study variables (p > 0.05). The findings highlight the important role of critical thinking in attitudes towards curiosity, particularly in its beneficial effects on children's anxiety control in educational settings.
In this study, the flow behavior and α phase morphology evolution of Ti-6Al-4V dual-phase alloy with an initial martensitic microstructure were investigated under non-isothermal deformation. The initial process temperature and cooling rate were approximately 935 °C and 1 °C/s, respectively. Non-isothermal deformation was performed to examine the effects of strain (0.4, 0.7, and 1.2) and strain rate (0.01 −1, 0.1 −1, and 1 −1) on the α phase morphology. The results indicated that at high strain rates (0.1 −1 and 1 −1), the flow curves exhibited work softening after the peak stress without reaching a steady-state condition, due to limited diffusion time. At a low strain rate of 0.01 s−1, a slight work softening was followed by a minor increase in flow stress, attributed to the β → α phase transformation, and eventually a steady state was achieved due to a dynamic balance between work hardening and work softening. With increasing strain and decreasing strain rate, the thickness and globularization of the α lamellae increased, resulting from sufficient diffusion time for β → α phase transformation and the availability of more nucleation sites. Kinking and splitting of the α lamellae were identified as the primary mechanisms of work softening at high strain rates, whereas at low strain rates, work softening was dominated by phase transformation and globularization. Microstructural observations confirmed that non-isothermal deformation promoted β → α phase transformation, leading to higher hardness in the deformed samples compared to the non-deformed ones.
