Many individuals with work disability due to musculoskeletal disorders struggle to achieve a sustainable return to work. Although self-management interventions offer promising avenues to support work participation, their content, delivery characteristics and evaluation approaches remain unclear. This scoping review aimed to map the self-management interventions evaluated in relation to work participation among individuals with work disability due to musculoskeletal disorders, including their components, delivery methods and evaluation approaches. A scoping review was conducted in 10 databases (Academic Search Complete, AMED, SPORTDiscus, Medline, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Physiotherapy Evidence Database) from inception to July 2025. Primary studies involving working-age individuals with musculoskeletal disorders, a self-management intervention and an assessment of work participation were included. Out of 8310 records, 31 studies representing 23 self-management interventions were included with a median of 10 components (range 3–16). Most studies included non-specific musculoskeletal disorders (n = 13, 41.9
The Youth-Initiated Mentor (YIM) approach, an intervention in which elements of both natural mentoring and professional youth care are combined, shows promise in Dutch youth care. However, adopting this approach is challenging for professionals, as it requires a more network-oriented way of working. A YIM professional is a publicly financed youth care practitioner who facilitates the establishment of a mentoring relationship between a young person and YIM mentor. Yet, little is known about how professionals experience this shift in roles and identity and which conditions facilitate successful adoption. This study examined how YIM professionals perceive their own roles and those of non-YIM colleagues, and which conditions support their transformation into YIM professionals, addressing how this shift translates into everyday practice. Using a Social Identity Approach-based topic guide, five focus groups were conducted with 29 participants (23 women, 6 men; ages 31–62, M = 41.0, SD = 9.9). Analysis involved open and axial coding in ATLAS.ti, followed by iterative refinement and member checking. The transformation involves shifts in roles, performance, and professional identity, supported by room for individual development, team collaboration, organizational backing, and clear communication with referrers. Becoming a YIM professional requires a fundamental shift from expert to coach, grounded in trust and shared responsibility with families. Sustainable implementation depends not only on individual transformation but also on leadership that supports identity development and organizational learning. Such support is critical for achieving the impact of the YIM approach for young people and their families.
To evaluate the body’s thermal status, it is essential to determine the mean skin temperature, ideally using wireless technology with real-time feedback. Such a system was not yet available. Therefore, the aim of current study was to examine the in- and ex-vivo validity and reliability of an innovative skin temperature sensor. New skin temperature sensors, named eTemp Performance, were developed with memory and direct read-out capabilities as an alternative to commonly used wireless iButton sensors that provide no real-time feedback. The time constant and precision of the sensors were evaluated by immersion in water baths and human experiments during exercise in the heat. The absolute skin temperature values measured with the eTemp Performance sensors and iButtons were compared to a calibrated gold standard with a variation during measurements of 0.12 °C. The time constant in water of the eTemp Performance sensors was 10.5 ± 1.1 s and 25.8 ± 3.3 s for the iButtons. The mean absolute offset from the standard was 0.06 ± 0.04 °C for the eTemp Performance sensors and 0.19 ± 0.03 °C for the iButtons (p < 0.001). Human experiments showed no differences between eTemp Performance sensors and iButtons in mean skin temperature values during exercise in the heat. The eTemp Performance sensors are recommended for assessment of mean skin temperature determination since they have a response time in water that is 2.5 times shorter than that of the iButtons, a lower mean absolute offset from the standard than iButtons, and yield similar mean skin temperatures during exercise in the heat.
The spread of a new highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV‐H5N1) has, since 2021, triggered one of the most severe wildlife panzootic ever reported, with suspected population crashes in hundreds of bird and mammal species. However, to date no studies have evaluated the demographic mechanisms underlying these declines. We used Integrated Population Modelling (IPM) along with Bayesian population forecasting and resilience analysis, to evaluate the impact of HPAIV‐H5N1 on age‐structured survival, productivity, stage‐specific population dynamics and demographic resilience in a long‐lived bird, the peregrine falcon ( Falco peregrinus ), in the Netherlands. Our analyses revealed drastic declines in adult survival—the key driver of population dynamics in a long‐lived species—in 2022 and 2023, coinciding with a ~25% decline in breeding pairs. This suggests a shift in HPAIV dynamics compared to previous epizootics, with recurrent outbreaks during consecutive seasons and years, resulting in potentially stronger population impacts. Resilience analysis revealed that HPAIV outbreaks could cause long‐lasting demographic impacts in the population. The breeding population could take a decade to recover to pre‐panzootic levels and may ultimately stabilize at ~21% below its former size. Recovery could take longer if HPAIV outbreaks become more frequent in the future, which is likely under current epidemiological predictions. Synthesis and applications . Our findings demonstrate that the HPAIV panzootic can cause rapid and long‐lasting impacts on the dynamics of long‐lived species. This raises major concerns for the conservation and long‐term viability of the many severely affected long‐lived species worldwide. As wildlife disease is predicted to become a leading cause of biodiversity loss, a global‐scale conservation strategy is urgently needed, which includes improved management, surveillance and applied research efforts. Our combined use of IPMs, forecasts and resilience analyses also serves as a benchmark for evaluating the effects not only of zoonotics, but also of any other type of disturbance in wild populations.
BACKGROUND:Multimodal prehabilitation may improve surgical outcomes in selected populations, but its real-world effectiveness remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hospital-wide implementation of multimodal prehabilitation on postoperative complications and length of hospital stay in a diverse surgical population. METHODS:This single-centre, non-randomized stepped-wedge study (F4S PREHAB) was conducted at Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands from March 2019 to April 2024. Patients who underwent elective surgery across 20 clinical pathways received either standard preoperative care or multimodal prehabilitation comprising supervised exercise, nutritional support, psychological counselling, and smoking and alcohol cessation support. The primary outcome was the incidence and severity of postoperative complications within 30 days, with assessment of Clavien-Dindo (CD) grade ≥II complications and the dichotomized Comprehensive Complication Index (CCI). The secondary outcome was the length of hospital stay. Analyses used generalized linear models adjusted for time of inclusion and clinical pathway, as well as other confounders in some models. Subgroup analyses focused on patients who underwent high-risk gastrointestinal (GI) oncological surgery. RESULTS:During the study interval, 4131 patients received usual care (2660 patients) or prehabilitation (1471 patients). A total of 367 patients (24.9%) attended at least nine exercise sessions, indicating partial adherence. No significant differences between groups were found with regard to postoperative CD grade ≥II complications (adjusted risk ratio 1.02 (95% c.i. 0.90 to 1.16)) and CCI >22.6 (adjusted risk ratio 1.03 (95% c.i. 0.86 to 1.23)) or length of hospital stay (adjusted incidence rate ratio 1.04 (95% c.i. 0.92 to 1.18)). In the high-risk GI oncological surgery subgroup (1230 patients), the relative reduction in CD grade ≥II complication risk was 9%, but this was not statistically significant (adjusted risk ratio 0.91 (95% c.i. 0.75 to 1.10)). CONCLUSION:Hospital-wide implementation of multimodal prehabilitation did not reduce postoperative complications or length of hospital stay. A greater effect in high-risk patients suggests a targeted approach may be more effective. Future research should identify such patients and evaluate effectiveness of prehabilitation in this population.
