Indonesia University of Education

This study compares mono-nanoparticle and hybrid-nanoparticle soybean-oil cutting fluids used with minimum-quantity lubrication during computer numerical control milling of steel grade 1045. Cutting fluids with 0.15

Antibiotic residues in aquatic ecosystems remain persistent contaminants that promote bioaccumulation and the dissemination of antibiotic-resistant genes. Photocatalysis is a viable method for degrading antibiotics. This work developed a sustainable photocatalyst by integrating TiO2 with mesoporous silica derived from rice husk waste, offering a novel strategy for the valorization of agricultural waste in wastewater treatment. The optimal synthesis conditions for SM were achieved at 120 °C for 12 h via the solvothermal method, producing high-purity silica with low bulk density. The SMT-0.5 composite with an SM-to-TiO2 ratio of 1:2 exhibited the best photocatalytic performance. The decoration of titania enhanced the surface area from 70.12 to 90.80 m2 g−1 and resulted in the formation of mixed anatase–rutile phases with a band gap of 2.85 eV. Under optimal conditions, the composite SMT-0.5 achieved degradation efficiencies of 94

This scoping review synthesizes 30 empirical studies published between 2016 and 2025 on the implementation of English Medium Instruction (EMI) and Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) in Central Asia. Following the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Scoping Reviews) framework, the review employed a systematic search across international and regional databases to identify studies conducted in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan. The review reveals substantial geographic unevenness in the evidence base: most included studies were conducted in Kazakhstan, only limited evidence was identified from Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan, and no eligible empirical studies were found from Tajikistan or Turkmenistan. A further regional pattern is the concentration of EMI and CLIL research in higher education, particularly in STEM-related contexts, while primary and secondary education remain comparatively underexplored. The review also identifies thematic imbalances, especially the limited representation of administrators, policymakers, parents, and other stakeholders whose perspectives are important for understanding the conditions shaping EMI and CLIL implementation. Recurring challenges include teacher preparedness, language-related barriers, resource limitations, and sociopolitical constraints, especially in rural settings. Overall, the review highlights the need for more geographically inclusive and methodologically diverse research to better understand how contextual, linguistic, and institutional conditions influence EMI and CLIL implementation and to inform more grounded regional policy development.

An integrated two-step co-pyrolysis (ITSC) process was developed to valorize heterogeneous municipal solid waste (MC-MSW) co-processed with Indonesian brown coal (BC), employing unmodified natural mineral catalysts (kaolin, dolomite, zeolite) for vapor-phase upgrading to improve bio-oil properties. The MC-MSW: BC blend (4:1, w/w) underwent pyrolysis at 550 °C; resulting vapors (paraffins, olefins, aromatics) were catalytically upgraded and analyzed using GC–MS and standardized ASTM protocols (ASTM D445 for viscosity, ASTM D4052 for density, ASTM D92 for flash point, ASTM D5865 for calorific value). Kaolin produced the highest liquid yield (44.0 wt

In today’s digital era, social media has become a central tool for tourism promotion, with Instagram emerging as a visually driven platform that shapes tourist perceptions and decision-making. While prior studies have extensively examined user-generated content, the measurement of Destination Management Organization (DMO)-generated visual content remains underdeveloped. This study aims to develop and validate a multidimensional measurement scale capturing the key attributes of DMO-generated Instagram photo content. The scale development process involved a systematic literature review followed by two empirical phases. In Phase 1, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) with 200 respondents identified a stable factor structure. In Phase 2, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) with 400 respondents validated the measurement model. The results confirm a two-dimensional construct comprising text credibility and image aesthetics. All indicators demonstrate satisfactory standardized loadings (0.703–0.758), with strong composite reliability (0.82–0.85) and acceptable convergent validity (AVE = 0.52–0.53), indicating that the proposed scale is both reliable and valid. Among the identified dimensions, text credibility emerges as the strongest and most reliable scale, as reflected by its higher composite reliability, while image aesthetics represents a complementary but slightly weaker dimension. These findings demonstrate that textual attributes play a more dominant role than visual attributes in establishing trust and coherence in DMO-generated content. This study contributes by providing a validated multidimensional measurement scale tailored to DMO-generated visual communication, offering a robust instrument for future research in digital tourism marketing.