Introducción: Las comunidades agrícolas juegan un rol fundamental en la producción de alimentos que demanda la población, siendo necesario lograr ambientes saludables y una agricultura sostenible que repercutan en una mejor calidad de vida. Objetivo: Identificar los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas de temas relacionados con la salud ambiental en una comunidad agrícola. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en una cooperativa de créditos y servicios, para ello se diseñó un cuestionario de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas en temas relacionados con la salud ambiental, el cual se aplicó a un miembro mayor de 18 años en viviendas seleccionadas. Se precisaron medidas de resumen como números absolutos y porcentajes. Resultados: El nivel de conocimientos que presentaron las personas respecto a las enfermedades transmitidas por el agua mostró que 19,0 % tuvo un dominio elevado y que solo 12,5 % hierven el agua correctamente. Respecto al servicio de recogida de basura en la comunidad, este fue clasificado entre malo y regular. Al indagar sobre las enfermedades transmitidas por vectores solo 18,8 % mostró un alto conocimiento. Se probó y ajustó el instrumento diseñado luego de ser aplicado obteniéndose su versión final. Conclusiones: En la comunidad estudiada se pudo constatar que es necesario planificar actividades educativas que promuevan cambios de comportamiento y a su vez impacten positivamente en la salud de las personas para así incrementar su nivel de conocimientos y a la vez mejorar las prácticas ante determinadas actividades relacionados con la salud ambiental.
Foundation: type 2 diabetes mellitus is the most common form of the disease, accounting for 90 % of cases. More than 536 million adults between 20 and 79 years of age live with this condition; the global prevalence is 10.5 %. Objective: to describe the clinical-epidemiological characteristics of adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the family doctor's offices of the Playa Teaching Polyclinic in 2023. Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,890 people aged 18 years and older registered as having type 2 diabetes in the 18 family doctor's offices of the Polyclinic. A two-stage, equiprobable sampling was used; 9 offices were selected, and 272 individuals were selected. The data were processed using SPSS version 21.0. Results: the mean age was 67.5 years, with a predominance of women (66.5 %), white skin color (58.5 %), retirees (48.9 %), and higher secondary education (43 %). The most frequent comorbidity was high blood pressure (78.7 %), with associated factors being overweight/obesity (73.2 %) and a substantially increased cardiometabolic risk (64%), which was higher in women. 46.2 % of respondents were adherent to treatment; however, 64 % were under control. Conclusions: there was a predominance of women, white skin color, and retirees. The most frequent comorbidity was high blood pressure; associated factors were overweight/obesity and cardiometabolic risk. More than 40 % of respondents were adherent to treatment, but more than 60 % were under control.
The state of open access in Cuba is reviewed, in relation to bibliographic databases and other databases and metadata. Emphasis is placed on the importance of open access to databases in general, particularly those generated by epidemiological research of national scope. The possible reasons why this area is insufficiently developed in our country are discussed. The use of different international data platforms is illustrated, which allows our researchers to access considerable volumes of data and their pertinent analysis.
Foundation: to achieve adequate control of arterial hypertension, it is essential to identify the gaps that threaten the quality of the care process, an aspect that constitutes a challenge for the National Public Health System. Objective: to characterize the management of hypertensive patients at the Héroes of Girón Polyclinic in the Cerro municipality in 2022. Method: a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in 363 people aged 35 years and older classified as hypertensive. A questionnaire was applied to them about aspects related to the process of care for hypertensive patients. Blood pressure measurements were performed at three different times. The following variables were analyzed: sociodemographic, risk factors, access to health services, consultation follow-up, treatment, BP control. Descriptive statistics were applied to analyze the data and present the results. Results: hypertensive people over 60 years of age, female, accompanied, with high school education and retired occupation predominated. The most frequent comorbidities were: diabetes mellitus (22.8 %), hypercholesterolemia (17.6 %) and obesity (15.4 %). 68.8 % of these people did not feel the need for care in the last year and only 29.4 % were seen in a follow-up consultation. 30.0 % of patients had not had their blood pressure measured for more than a year, 99.1 % had indicated treatment, 50.9 % were controlled and 59.5 % adhered to treatment. Conclusions: the care these people received is not correct. There were difficulties with dispensing, compliance with the program, in addition to a low perception of risk in these people.
