The striped snakehead, Channa striata, is a commercially and ecologically significant freshwater fish species in India. This study provides a comprehensive morphometric and meristic analysis of its population in Nagapur Dam, Parli Vaijnath, Beed District, Maharashtra. A total of 176 specimens were collected from January 2023 to December 2024. Sixteen morphometric characters and five meristic counts were recorded. The population showed a wide size range, with total length (TL) from 15.2 to 55.0 cm and body weight (BW) from 32.5 to 1380.5 g. The length-weight relationship was determined as W = 0.021L³.⁰⁵, indicating positive allometric growth (b > 3). Linear regression analysis revealed highly significant (p < 0.001) relationships between TL and all other morphometric characters, with coefficients of determination (R²) exceeding 0.98 for most parameters, demonstrating strong morphological integration. Meristic counts were stable, with dorsal fin rays (DFR) ranging from 37-45 and pelvic fin rays (PFR) showing 97.7% consistency at 6 rays. The results confirm a healthy, well-adapted population and establish crucial baseline data for the sustainable management and future monitoring of this valuable fishery resource in Nagapur Dam.
In this study, five species of Marasmius namely, M. bambusiniformis, M. haematocephalus, M. leveilleanus, M. midnapurensis, and M rotalis, plus Paramarasmius palmivorus are described, based on morphotaxonomic and molecular characters. Sequence data from internal transcribed spacers were used for phylogenetic analyses of the six species, supporting their identification based on macro and micromorphological characters. All of these species are reported for the first time from Puducherry region.
The generation and dumping of electronic (e)-waste are one of the greatest global crises that developing countries are facing. e-waste largely consists of electrical and electronic tools and is considered a source of different types of heavy and precious metals and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) which are reported to cause severe health and environmental impacts. Although there exist different policies related to E-waste management, its recycling is done mainly by unorganized sectors which leads to the release of toxic leachates and acid in the soils. Microbial communities thriving in waste-waste contaminated sites have been the center of research interest for a long. These communities thriving in e-waste contaminated sites have developed resistance mechanisms to heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants. These microbe-mediated bioremediation techniques may serve as an eco-friendly and cost-effective alternative to the traditional way of treatment. In this present chapter, we have tried to highlight the different types of indigenous microbes thriving in soils of e-waste contaminated lands and have emphasized the role of microbes in the bioremediation of the e-waste. Moreover, the recovery of valuable resource materials and metals from e-waste following environment-friendly processes has also been discussed in detail.
Bonnaya tenuifolia (Colsm.) Spreng. (Linderniaceae) collected from Srikakulam district, is reported here as a new distributional record to the flora of Andhra Pradesh state. Detailed description, distribution, and notes on morphological variations are provided along with photographs of the species for its easy identification.
Increasing individual demand for higher education due to achievement of higher secondary schooling and the first-generation learner try to improve their life-pattern. In this situation, the government has unable to spend for higher education due to heavy burden of School education. On the other hand, Economic reforms and liberal education policies have encouraged private sector in providing higher education. Existence of privatization has been working as de-facto commercialism. In this condition, who can affordable the high cost of higher education with long-term. This paper is focuses on the individual student’s enrolment choice between Degree courses in higher education and Diploma courses.For the purpose, the study has been taken sample area of Villupuram district in Tamil Nadu. A structured questionnaire survey schedule is used for data collection. The study made the logit model to estimate the individual (student) enrolment choice between Degree courses and Diploma courses. The model explains the student enrolment choice between degree courses in higher education and Diploma courses. The result of the study reveals shows that scholastic ability-I (secondary level), Management of Institutions, Number of siblings in the family and scholarship influencing the individual demand to choose the degree courses in higher education.
