Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University

The World Association for Waterborne Transport Infrastructure (PIANC) has recently established guidelines for designing the dimensions of inland waterways through the Safety and Ease of Navigation (S&E) methodology. This approach determines safe waterway widths based on 11 factors estimated in a deterministic manner. The resulting S&E score is then applied to define the safe width of waterways. However, semantic analysis shows that nearly 40 % of these parameters are inherently vague and cannot be unambiguously estimated using deterministic formulas, which limits the reliability of PIANC's methodology. To address this limitation, this study introduces a fuzzy logic model developed in accordance with the Human-Centered Design Approach (HCDA). The model focuses on seven key burden with uncertainty factors - such as crew cohesion, local waterway knowledge, and ship-traffic interactions - capturing the human and environmental dimensions of navigation safety. A Mamdani fuzzy inference system with triangular and trapezoidal membership functions were applied, with parameter values refined through expert elicitation sessions involving experienced inland vessel skippers across Europe. Two French inland navigation case studies (Lower Seine River and the Freycinet network) were used to validate the proposed approach. A case study on the Lower Seine River demonstrates that, unlike the binary PIANC framework, the proposed fuzzy model provides more conservative and nuanced results (0.525 compared to 0.305 in the current state assessment) while still aligning with design requirements. For the Freycinet network, the supportive checking demonstrates a comparable or stronger agreement, with an Accuracy of 77.3 % and Specificity of 81.8 % (compared to 68.2 % and 57.1 % for the Lower Seine), indicating an opportunity for cross-validation due to other case studies. The study demonstrates how the fuzzy model's total score can be directly translated into the required fairway width by interpreting the S&E categories (A, B, C), thereby linking safety evaluation with practical design recommendations. The main contribution of this work lies in systematically integrating HCDA principles into inland waterway planning, ensuring that human factors are explicitly represented. The findings confirm that fuzzy logic significantly enhances the PIANC methodology, supporting safer, more resilient, and human-centered waterway design. Future research will expand the approach to additional case studies across different European rivers, and investigate adaptive calibration of membership functions to account for varying traffic densities and environmental conditions.

The article substantiates that legal culture, legal awareness, self-control and psychological restraint, physical education, sports, healthy lifestyle, self-control, volitional regulation of behavior, self-control, emotional and psychological stability, which are formed from an early age in the family, school, higher education institutions, enterprises and in the health care system, are important factors in the prevention of bullying, delinquency and crime among minors and youth. It is shown that the interdisciplinary study of the interaction of state authorities, local governments, educational institutions, law enforcement agencies, psychological services and employers creates the basis for early detection of risks, correction of behavioral disorders and the formation of law-abiding behavior. Special attention is paid to the impact of stressful and traumatic factors, in particular wartime conditions, air raids, destruction, loss of housing and social instability, which can increase the risk of developing PTSD, aggressive behavior, deviation and other mental and behavioral disorders in children and adolescents, in accordance with ICD-11. Examples from criminal law, forensic medical, forensic pharmaceutical, forensic narcology, forensic psychiatric and forensic practice indicate the need to increase the efficiency of providing psychological and medical assistance to minors and young people, and law enforcement agencies to take measures to prevent the causes and conditions that contribute to bullying, bullying, conflicts, hooliganism, which are the basis for committing especially serious crimes – murders. The expediency of applying an integrated approach combining legal education, psychological assistance, psychocorrection and preventive measures adapted to a specific region and educational or health care institution has been substantiated. It is proposed to use "psychological support" and "psychological support" as one of the practical tools for the development of regional roadmaps for the prevention of stress-induced states, bullying and deviant behavior among children and youth. The conclusions emphasize that the formation of psychological stability, legal culture and non-violent communication skills is the foundation of a safe society, a strong family and healthy personal development.

Abstract This article addresses the urgent scientific and practical problem of adapting urban logistics systems to critical wartime conditions, using the frontline city of Kharkiv as a case study. Traditional deterministic models prove inadequate under unpredictable threats; therefore, the aim of this work is to resolve the fundamental conflict between economic efficiency and the need to ensure transportation safety. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the development of the VRPSD-MR mathematical model, based on the framework of two-stage stochastic programming. To solve this NP-hard problem in practice, the authors have implemented a simulation-heuristic algorithm as a custom software solution in Python. Results of the pilot numerical experiment demonstrate that the proposed risk-adaptive model, despite increasing planned route lengths and operational costs by 11,8 %, enables a reduction in total expected costs by 13,5 %. The positive economic effect is achieved by minimizing the likelihood of critical disruptions: network blockage costs are reduced by 97,1 %. The practical value of the study lies in proposing a methodological framework for a risk-adaptive management approach, where safety under wartime conditions becomes an economic factor. The proposed model serves as a proof-of-concept for resilient routing in high-risk environments, ensuring the long-term financial resilience of the logistics system.

The current stage of higher education development in Ukraine is characterized by intensive digitalization and the search for innovative approaches to teaching the natural sciences. Chemical disciplines, which are traditionally considered among the most difficult to master due to high level of abstraction and the need to visualize microprocesses, require the introduction of new learning tools. The work objective is to theoretically substantiate the effectiveness of implementing modern information and communication technologies (ICT) in the process of teaching chemical disciplines to improve the quality of training for specialists at Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University in the context of distance learning. In distance learning, special attention is paid to the use of electronic educational platforms, specialized software, interactive learning resources, and visualization tools that increase the quality of assimilation of educational material and contribute to the formation of practical skills. The teaching of chemical disciplines is analyzed taking into account the need to adapt the educational process to the digital environment. The proven feasibility of teaching the course “Computer Technologies in Engineering Chemistry” within the university’s higher education system provides the conditions for updating and adapting the educational process to individual needs when studying chemical disciplines. The application of acquired skills by students in the use of modern information and communication technologies in training contributes to a more effective assimilation of theoretical knowledge, the formation of practical skills in working with computer systems that are used in chemical engineering, as well as the development of independence, critical thinking, and the ability to analyze and make decisions. A promising area of research is detailing the influence of digital tools on the quality of professional training for future chemical engineers.

The object of research is the processes of formation and change of carbon monoxide concentration signals in the gas environment at the early stages of ignition of various combustible materials. The problem that was solved is to develop an adaptive method for detecting fires based on the use of current features of statistical instability of gas environment regimes preceding a fire. A method for early detection of fires by a carbon monoxide concentration signal is proposed, based on adaptive statistical processing using exponential smoothing and accumulation of instability energy. Unlike traditional approaches, the proposed method analyzes structural changes in the signal, which are manifested in an increase in variability and deviation from the current adaptive average. The method is implemented by forming a variational-squared indicator of fires, which is the product of the coefficient of variation and the deviation of the signal from its exponential average, squared, with subsequent exponential accumulation and normalization. It is shown that the obtained normalized statistics allow to maximize the probability of correct fire detection for a given false alarm probability. In the course of the research, expressions for the probabilistic characteristics of early detection were obtained and the problem of optimizing the exponential memory parameter was solved, which provides a compromise between sensitivity and noise resistance. Experimental validation showed that the proposed method provides earlier fire detection, a higher probability of detection at a given false alarm level and resistance to background signal drift. The practical significance of the method is determined by the possibility of its implementation in real-time early fire detection systems based on controllers with limited computing resources.