Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation

The article analyzes the issues of illegal exercise by foreign citizens of the right to work on the territory of the Russian Federation in the context of creating threats to the public security of the Russian Federation. The author examines both the negative aspects of the phenomenon under consideration, including its consequences, and presents measures to improve legislation in terms of countering illegal external labor migration, as well as the practical activities of migration units of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.

The article discusses the basic principles of providing first aid to victims of road traffic accidents (hereinafter referred to as RTA). It emphasizes the importance of a quick and competent response in conditions of stress and uncertainty. It describes the stages of first aid, from assessing the situation and ensuring safety to performing basic manipulations such as stopping bleeding, restoring airway patency, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. It also discusses more complex cases that require specialized knowledge and skills, including assistance with spinal, neck, and craniocerebral injuries. The article provides recommendations for teaching the population the basics of first aid when victims appear in an RTA, as well as the importance of interacting with emergency services. The purpose of the study is to increase awareness of first aid methods and improve RTA response skills, which can significantly reduce mortality and the severity of consequences for victims. The article will be useful for both medical workers and teachers of educational institutions interested in road safety issues when implementing the training process.

The fundamental goal of this scientific article is to study not only the historical processes of the emergence and use of tactical medicine in the internal affairs bodies, but also to analyze the current regulatory framework that regulates tactical medicine in the internal affairs bodies, to assess the current level of its development. It will also be important to touch upon the problems of the development of tactical medicine both at earlier stages of its development and at the present time, methods for improving the tactical and special training of police officers in the field of tactical medicine using the example of the Voronezh Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.

Modern megacities have transformed into complex information ecosys. This article attempts to comprehensively analyze theoretical views on the institution of law in the history of sociology. It examines classical, structural functional theory and neoinstitutional perspectives on institutions in general and the institution of law in particular. Among the most important functional tasks of the institution of law are coercion, political organization, and economic guarantees. Promising synthetic theories for studying the functioning of the institution of law in contemporary Russian society are proposed as a theoretical discussion. The author's conclusions can serve as a methodological basis for applied research in law enforcement

In times of crisis, public perception of institutional effectiveness is often crystallized and contested in the media. Political cartoons, as potent polycode texts, offer a unique lens through which to analyze these social processes. The article examines the formation of a metaphorical image of a professional in emergency situations and natural disasters, as reflected in political cartoons featuring the Los Angeles wildfires in January 2025. The study utilises a comprehensive dataset of 140 English-language political cartoons sourced from various news outlets and social media platforms. Adopting a multimodal critical discourse analysis framework, the authors systematically examine the correlation between verbal components (captions, labels) and non-verbal elements (iconic imagery, symbolism) to decode the cartoons’ pragmatic meanings. The results reveal a stark binary opposition in the portrayal of the two professional groups. Politicians are predominantly depicted negatively through recurring metaphors of arsonist, entertainer, film antagonist, and fanning the flame, suggesting incompetence, malicious intent, and a profound disconnect from the tragedy. On the other hand, firefighters are consistently glorified as heroic figures through metaphors of divinity (angels) and action hero, embodying self-sacrifice and competence. However, they are also portrayed as marginalized victims of institutional failure, facing equipment shortages and a lack of support. The cinematographic metaphor was notably prevalent in the dataset, a finding attributed to the event’s Hollywood location and its dramatic media coverage. It is concluded that political cartoons serve as a crucial vehicle for social critique, translating complex institutional failures into accessible and powerful narratives that significantly influence public opinion. The findings provide a framework for further comparative studies of political cartoons surrounding emergencies and the semiotics of crisis communication in other socio-political spheres.