Mu’tah University (Arabic: جامعة مؤتة, Jāmi‘atu Mu'tah) is a public university in the Jordanian town of Mu'tah which was founded on 22 March 1981 by the Royal Decree to be a national institution for military and civilian higher education.
Despite the widespread adoption of green supply chain management (GSCM) practices, existing research offers conflicting evidence regarding their impact on firm performance, highlighting the importance of investigating the underlying mechanisms that allow firms to fully capture the value of such investments. Moreover, prior studies have largely overlooked the influence of GSCM practices on employee work engagement, which may serve as critical mechanisms through which these practices translate into improved firm performance. To address this, this study examines the relationships between internal (i.e., internal environment management, eco-design, and investment recovery) and external (i.e., green purchasing and customer collaboration) GSCM practices and firm operational performance and the mediating role of employees' work engagement. To this end, we employed a multi-informant data collection design in which GSCM practices and firm operational performance were assessed by managers, while work engagement was captured directly from employees from the 121 surveyed manufacturing firms, thereby enhancing measurement accuracy and the overall roundness of the results. The analysis revealed that internal GSCM practices have a positive impact on firm operational performance, while external GSCM practices do not. Unexpectedly, we found that internal GSCM practices do not increase employees' work engagement, whilst external GSCM practices do. However, employees' work engagement fully mediates the relationship between external GSCM practices and firm operational performance. This study advances the literature by exploring the impact of GSCM on employee-level outcome and explaining how it influences performance through driving employees' work engagement.
In this study, Cs2NaInI6 a cesium-based double perovskite, is investigated as a novel absorber material owing to its favorable optoelectronic properties, stability, and eco-friendliness. In this study, we carried out a comprehensive computational investigation of Cs2NaInI6 by combining Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations with device-level simulations using SCAPS-1D. Electronic-structure analysis using the TB-mBJ potential revealed a direct band gap of 1.702 eV. Using SCAPS-1D simulation, we systematically optimized device performance by analyzing optimum left metal contact (LMC) selection from (Cu, Fe, C, Au, W, Ni, Pd, Pt, Se), hole transport layer (HTL) from (CBTS, CuI, MoS2, P3HT, GaAs, CdTe, and CFTS), and electron-transport layer (ETL) from (WS2, ZnO, TiO2, and PCBM). The optimal cell, FTO/WS2/Cs2NaInI6/CBTS/Ni, achieved the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 27.23
Methotrexate (MTX) is frequently used to treat a variety of autoimmune diseases and malignancies, but its use is restricted due to a number of side effects, including lung damage. For the first time, this study attempts to assess the potential protective advantages of atomoxetine (ATOM) against MTX-induced lung damage in rats. MTX was used to cause lung damage. A total of 24 male Wistar albino rats were used in this study. Animals were randomly allocated to four experimental groups of six rats each: (Ⅰ) Control group, (Ⅱ) ATOM group, (Ⅲ) MTX group, and (Ⅳ) MTX+ATOM group. Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in the lungs were measured. ELISA was used to measure the levels of lung IL-10, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2). NF-κB p65 and caspase-3 were evaluated using immunohistochemistry. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MYD88) protein expression levels were assessed using the Western blot technique. A histopathological study of lung tissues was performed. Lung MDA, IL-6, TNF-α, and Bax levels were significantly increased by MTX, while GSH, SOD, IL-10, and Bcl-2 levels were significantly decreased. Additionally, this led to the overexpression of the proteins TLR4 and MYD88. Additionally, the MTX group had higher immunopositivity for both NF-κB p65 and caspase-3. All of the aforementioned biochemical and histological abnormalities were greatly improved with ATOM. ATOM significantly improved MTX-induced pulmonary injury by suppressing TLR4/MYD88/NF-κB p65 and caspase-3-mediated apoptotic signaling pathways.
A novel series of 1,2,4-triazole–benzoxazepine hybrid derivatives was designed, synthesized, and biologically evaluated as α-glucosidase inhibitors using an in vitro enzyme inhibition assay with acarbose as a reference standard. Several compounds demonstrated significant inhibitory activity, with compound 14 emerging as the most potent inhibitor (IC₅₀ = 49.26 µM), surpassing acarbose by approximately 3.6-fold, while compound 28 also showed notable activity (IC₅₀ = 72.14 µM). Structure–activity relationship analysis revealed that halogen substitution, particularly at the ortho position, plays a critical role in enhancing inhibitory potency. Molecular docking studies (PDB ID: 7KB6) provided mechanistic insights into ligand–enzyme interactions, showing that the most active compounds establish key π–π stacking interactions with residues TRP423, TRP525, and PHE307, along with π-anion interactions involving ASP640 and ASP564, and extensive hydrophobic contacts with PHE571, PHE673, MET565, and ARG624. Additionally, water-mediated hydrogen bonding (e.g., HOH1356, HOH1625) helps stabilize the ligand within the active site. These interactions enable simultaneous engagement of the catalytic active site and peripheral regions, supporting strong binding affinity. Overall, these results define clear structure–activity relationships and identify 1,2,4-triazole–benzoxazepine hybrids as promising lead scaffolds for further optimization toward novel antidiabetic agents.
Photovoltaic solar technology’s primary challenges include toxicity, long-term stability, and elevated production costs. To address these issues, our research investigates the potential of lead-free noble metal halide perovskites, particularly Cs2TiI4Br2, which, due to the narrow bandgap, shows potential as an absorber material, excellent light absorption capabilities, and cost efficiency. We utilize SCAPS-1D simulations to analyze solar cell (SC) architectures that integrate Cs2TiI4Br2 with PCBM as the electron transport layer (ETL). Our goal is to determine the optimal photovoltaic parameters by examining how absorber thickness, temperature, defect, and doping concentrations influence device performance. Additionally, we explore various back and front contact materials to find the best electrode for optimized solar cells. Considering the configurations that were investigated, the most effective design was identified as Au (metal contact)/Cs2TiI4Br2 (absorber)/PCBM (ETL)/ITO, obtaining a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 28.77
