The museum collects, registers, maintains, researches and handles Danish and foreign art dating from the 14th century to the present day.
Resolving chemical species at the submicrometer scale is crucial in Heritage Science, where synchrotron radiation (SR)-based X-ray methods, including µ-XRF mapping and µ-XANES spectroscopy, offer unique insights into the composition of heterogeneous and opaque materials, such as degraded inorganic pigments in paintings. However, the high intensity and brightness of SR beams pose significant risks of radiation damage, which can compromise both sample integrity and data interpretation. This challenge is notably evident in Prussian blue (a ferric hexacyanoferrate pigment), where X-ray induced photoreduction of Fe3+ to Fe2+ interferes with speciation analysis in faded artworks, necessitating rigorous experimental strategies to ensure data reliability. To address this, we present a multi-scale and multi-technique approach aimed at safely investigating the light-induced degradation of Prussian blue in oil paintings via SR-based X-ray micro-spectroscopic techniques. The study focuses on the 1802 painting Pamphilus and his Servant Davus by the Danish artist Nicolai Abildgaard (Copenhagen, 1743-Frederiksdal, 1809), which exhibits various degrees of fading in the Prussian blue-based paints, particularly evident when comparing light-exposed areas to those protected by the frame. After evaluating the paint composition and fading at the macro-scale using a set of non-invasive MOLAB techniques (namely colorimetry, reflectance UV–VIS–NIR and external reflection mode FT-IR spectroscopies), two micro-samples from light-exposed and unexposed areas were selected for SR-based µ-XRF mapping and µ-XANES spectroscopy at the Fe K-edge. In parallel, a series of Prussian blue-based oil paint mock-ups were prepared, photoaged, and analyzed in advance of historical samples to establish optimal conditions for mitigating SR X-ray induced Fe3+→Fe2+ reduction during measurements, achieved by systematically varying fluence, dose, and temperature. Under these optimized, non-damaging conditions, we successfully mapped the stratigraphic distribution of iron compounds at submicrometric resolution in the historical cross-sections. The results, unaffected by analytical artifacts, revealed the nature of the secondary products responsible for the observed fading in Abildgaard’s painting. Consequently, this research offers a validated experimental approach for future SR-based X-ray micro-spectroscopy studies of Prussian blue degradation in other artworks.
In this rapidly evolving digital era, social media has emerged as one of the most powerful tools for influencing public opinion, disseminating political knowledge, and encouraging youth engagement in the democratic process. This study examines how social media helps young people in Indonesia become more informed, engaged, and politically participatory. Various sources, including related books, research reports, internet articles, and scientific journals, were analyzed as part of the desk research. According to various studies, social media has two functions: as an effective tool for political education and as a platform for young people to express themselves politically. On the other hand, social media platforms can give rise to problems such as the spread of hoaxes, political division, and a fast-paced information culture. This study demonstrates that critical awareness and digital literacy are crucial for young people to use social media effectively to uphold democratic values.
Tingginya angka pelanggaran lalu lintas yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat, khususnya kalangan pelajar dan pengendara muda, menunjukkan perlunya peningkatan edukasi mengenai keselamatan berkendara. Kurangnya pemahaman terhadap rambu lalu lintas, marka jalan, dan konsekuensi hukum pelanggaran lalu lintas menjadi salah satu penyebab utama terjadinya kecelakaan di jalan raya. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran masyarakat mengenai peraturan lalu lintas, jenis-jenis rambu lalu lintas, serta dampak pelanggaran lalu lintas terhadap keselamatan berkendara. Metode yang digunakan meliputi penyuluhan, diskusi interaktif, simulasi pengenalan rambu lalu lintas, dan evaluasi melalui pre-test dan post-test. Peserta kegiatan berjumlah 45 orang yang terdiri atas pelajar. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan peningkatan rata-rata nilai peserta dari 61,33 pada pre-test menjadi 84,89 pada post-test. Selain itu, peserta menunjukkan peningkatan pemahaman mengenai fungsi rambu lalu lintas, jenis pelanggaran, serta pentingnya budaya tertib berlalu lintas. Program edukasi ini efektif dalam meningkatkan kesadaran keselamatan berkendara dan dapat dijadikan model pembinaan berkelanjutan bagi masyarakat.
The financial technology industry and its individual segments have been investigated in this study. The task addressed relates to the insufficient development of methodological tools for quantitatively determining the role of maturity of key technologies as a factor of investment attractiveness, as well as the fragmentation of the analysis of technological drivers of investment activity in FinTech segments. The methodological basis of this study is the Gartner Hype Cycle model. The information basis is data from global rating and research agencies. The global investment dynamics for 2018–2024 were analyzed, as well as their parameters in the context of individual sectors, which made it possible to identify the main patterns of investment activity. Based on the rule-based approach, methods for determining score estimates for investment activity and for the technology maturity factor have been proposed. They make it possible to eliminate the nonlinearity critical for the use of correlation analysis, which is inherent in the Gartner model. The results of the analysis of investment activity and maturity factors of key technologies confirmed a high positive correlation (r = 0.8615) between the indicated indicators. It was determined that the main driver for increasing investment activity is the implementation of key technologies that are near the “peak of inflated expectations” in the Gartner model. It was established that at present such technologies are often associated with artificial intelligence. Thus, taking into account the stages of technology maturity allows one to better explain investor behavior and predict changes in investment activity in FinTech segments. The results also extend to other sectors of the digital economy with a high share of intangible assets, fast cycles of updating and scaling, network effects, and a global sales model
Politics in all regimes hinges on ordinary acts of obedience, yet the mechanisms that sustain it differ. This article theorizes "sustainable obedience" as obedience (i.e., rule-following and deference to collectively binding authority) that reproduces itself because the marginal costs of monitoring and sanctioning are kept low by institutional and cultural feedback. We develop a dual-channel model: a fear channel (deterrence through selective coercion and information control) and a trust channel (procedural justice, impartial enforcement, and legitimacy) that interact through path dependence and habit formation. Mixed methods combine cross-national indices (V-Dem, Freedom House, World Values Survey) with comparative discourse and document analysis (2014-2025) to trace these mechanisms in three contrasting regimes: the Netherlands (liberal democracy), Turkey (competitive authoritarianism), and Russia (closed autocracy). Findings show trust-based obedience dominates in the Netherlands and is temporarily supplemented by proportionate deterrence during crises; Turkey institutionalizes a high and persistent fear architecture, with limited compensatory appeals to performance and electoral legitimacy; Russia sustains obedience primarily through multi-layered coercion and digital control backed by ideological narratives. We derive testable propositions about substitution and complementarity between channels and show how crises can normalize exceptional measures. Normatively, democratic resilience depends on renewing the trust architecture without entrenching fear; authoritarian resilience remains cost-effective yet ultimately fragile under information shocks.
