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Hepatitis is a major public health issue, especially in developing countries. This study aimed to identify medicinal plants used to treat hepatitis in the Tannounyan region of Burkina Faso through an ethnobotanical survey conducted from september to october 2020. One hundred traditional healers and herbalists were interviewed, leading to the identification of 49 plant species from 26 families. The most cited plants included Senna alata, Cochlospermum planchonii, Chrysanthellum indicum, and Phyllanthus amarus. Leaves were the most used plant part, and decoction was the main preparation method. Oral administration predominated. The findings support preservation of traditional knowledge and future research.
Wild edible plants that provide non-timber forest products for food are a source of subsistence for people in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in rural areas. However, the uses and nutritional potentials of these wild plants are poorly documented. This study aims to summarize the scope of knowledge on wild edible plants in sub-Saharan Africa. Scientific articles related to plant uses and nutritional potential were searched on Google Scholar, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Scopus and PubMed using various keywords. A total of 420 species belonging to 215 genera and 69 families were identified as contributing to food security. Adansonia digitata L., Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Delile, Bombax costatum Pellegr. Vuillet, Annona senegalensis Pers. and Tamarindus indica L. were the most represented according to the relative importance index. Eight edible parts were listed, among which fruits, flowers, seed oil and leaves were the most widely used. Fruits and flowers were the most used in drinks and condiments. Amino acids, lipids, glucids, fibres, water content, fatty acids, minerals, vitamins, energy value and proteins were the nutrients recorded in the parts of edible plants. Vitamins are more commonly found in fruits while proteins are found in seed oil, leaves and flowers. The wild edible plants species contain food properties such as aroma, sweetness, acidity and sourness, as well as nutritional value. Acidifying/souring properties are found in leaves while aroma is found in flowers. Identifying plants with high nutritional value could help guide conservation efforts and their inclusion in nutritional programs for sustainable food and nutritional security in sub-Saharan Africa. The results obtained on the nutritional potentials of different parts of plants open the prospects for the formulation of new food products to improve the diet of local people.
Urban flooding poses growing social and economic risks in rapidly expanding cities, yet limited empirical evidence exists on how urban households perceive flood risk and how such perceptions vary spatially within cities. This study examines flood risk perception and its determining factors among households in Ouagadougou (capital city of Burkina Faso), recurrently affected by severe flood events. Using survey data collected from 2,459 households across the city’s 12 districts, a composite Flood Risk Perception Index is constructed and analyzed in relation to socio-economic and environmental variables through multinomial logistic regression, complemented by spatial statistical analysis. The results reveal a heterogeneous and ambivalent perception of flood risk: while most households tend to underestimate the likelihood and potential impacts of flooding, the fear dimension reflects a heightened emotional sensitivity. Overall, 17.8
Despite its Sahelian context, Niger is one of the sub-Saharan countries reporting the highest number of malaria cases. Currently, preventive measures such as seasonal malaria chemoprophylaxis (SMC) target children under the age of five during the rainy season. However, malaria is increasingly affecting older children, even during the dry season. Therefore, strategies need to be adapted. To this end, this study analyzed data from 35 dispensaries across seven provinces in Niger to evaluate the impact of malaria on different age groups according to ecological context. This retrospective study used routine monthly district data from 2018 to 2021. The collected monthly variables were fever, uncomplicated malaria, severe malaria, and deaths, broken down by sex, age group, and region. A forecasting package under R 4.3.3 was used for SARIMA modeling. Multiple linear regression was performed to identify factors associated with malaria. Malaria transmission was highly seasonal, with an annual peak observed between July and October during the four-year study period. During this peak period, children aged 12 to 59 months accounted for an average of 33.2
We consider the background cosmological solutions in the $6D$ (six-dimensional) model with one time and five space coordinates. The theory of our interest has the action composed by the Einstein term, cosmological constant, and two conformal terms constructed from the third powers of the Weyl tensor. It is shown how the highest derivative terms in the equations of motion can be isolated that opens the way for their numerical integration. There are flat anisotropic solutions which make one of the flat isotropic subspaces to be static. Depending on the value of bare cosmological constant, either two-dimensional or three-dimensional subspace can be static. In particular, there is a physically favorable solution with three ``large'' space coordinates and two extra inner dimensions stabilized. This solution is stable for a wide range of coupling constants, but this requires a special value of the bare cosmological constant.
