в складывающихся современных условиях, нарастание внешних угроз, не меньшую угрозу представляют и внутренние угрозы, что ставит новые задачи в противодействии правонарушениям, где особую актуальность приобретает повышение эффективности профессиональной подготовки сотрудников силовых ведомств. Одним из направлений, обеспечивающих эффективность тактической подготовки, является освоение тактики применения специальных средств, которые являются важным средством системы мер принуждения и используются для пресечения противоправных действий, задержания правонарушителей и защиты жизни и здоровья самих сотрудников силовых ведомств и граждан. В процессе подготовки требуется формировать у сотрудников необходимый объем знаний, умений и навыков их законного и соразмерного применения в различных условиях служебной деятельности. Актуальность исследования заключается в необходимости соответствовать все возрастающим требованиям к практике применения силы со стороны сотрудников правоохранительных органов, а также необходимостью минимизации вреда для граждан и самих сотрудников при выполнении служебных задач. Целью исследования является выявление факторов повышения эффективности учебного процесса в освоении тактики применения специальных средств сотрудниками силовых ведомств в процессе профессиональной деятельности. Для достижения поставленной цели предполагается решение следующих задач: • анализ особенности тактики применения специальных средств в различных служебных ситуациях; • выявить направления совершенствования подготовки сотрудников силовых ведомств в области применения специальных средств. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы при совершенствовании программ профессиональной подготовки сотрудников правоохранительных органов и разработке методических рекомендаций по повышению эффективности применения специальных средств в служебной деятельности. in today's evolving environment, external threats are on the rise, while internal threats pose no less of a threat. This poses new challenges in combating crime, making it especially important to improve the effectiveness of professional training for law enforcement officers. One area that ensures effective tactical training is mastering the tactics of using special means, which are an important part of the system of coercive measures and are used to prevent illegal actions, apprehend offenders, and protect the lives and health of law enforcement officers and citizens. Training requires employees to develop the necessary knowledge, skills, and abilities for their lawful and proportionate use in various official settings. The relevance of this study lies in the need to meet ever-increasing requirements for the practice of using force by law enforcement officers, as well as the need to minimize harm to citizens and the officers themselves while performing official duties. The purpose of this study is to identify factors that can improve the effectiveness of the training process for law enforcement officers learning the tactics of using special means in their professional activities. To achieve this goal, the following objectives are proposed: • analysis of the specific tactics of using special means in various official situations; • identification of areas for improving the training of law enforcement officers in the use of special means. The results of this study can be used to refine professional training programs for law enforcement officers and to develop methodological recommendations for increasing the effectiveness of using special means in official activities.
Aim. To determine the role of a female image in figurative language devices: phraseological units, proverbs, and sayings, which are defined by the term paroemia. Methodology. The subject of the study was the phraseological material, which consists of phraseological units, including phraseological expressions, catchphrases, and proverbs extracted from dictionaries of Russian phraseology, as well as dictionaries of proverbs and sayings. Such methods as observation, continuous sampling, statistical analysis, comparative analysis, as well as sociolinguistic, lexical-semantic, and historical-etymological analysis were used in both collection and analysis of the phraseological material. Results. Sociolinguistic, lexical-semantic, and historical-etymological analysis was used to identify the reasons for using female images as lexical components, the sources of their formation, etymology, and semantics when studying lexical components in the composition of phraseological units, paroemias, and catchphrases, that are similar to well-known female names. It was found that myths, biblical legends, literary works, colloquial speech, movies, and popular television series are the main sources of female images in the lexical composition of phraseological units, as well as the origin of catchphrases. It has been noted that some female images have become common nouns with a metaphorical meaning. The semantics of phraseological units and proverbs containing female names as lexical components, as well as female names that have become catchphrases, is determined by various characteristics of women: appearance, personality traits, behavior in different situations, and their place and role in society. Research implications. The studied phraseological units, catchphrases, and paroemias containing female onyms, which are recorded in dictionaries and reference books of the Russian language, enrich the theory of linguoculturology and sociolinguistics, and also outline the prospects for a systematic study of similar linguistic units in synchrony and diachrony in order to identify trends the formation of new words and meanings, catchphrases, idioms, and proverbs. Such linguistic units allow us to determine the role of proper names in enriching the vocabulary and phraseology of the modern Russian literary language, and they are also of great importance for lexicography.
The article discusses the problem of simplification of legislative procedures, which is of interest due to the increased number of laws passed over the past decade, the need to adopt laws soon and cost savings. The points of view of scientists and the provisions of legislation are analyzed. The existence of atypical forms of law-making procedures, complicated and simplified, is indicated. The lack of unity of the scientific community on the need for simplified legislative proceedings has been established, as well as the lack of specifics in regulatory legal acts regarding the conditions and rules for reducing procedures. The author's position on the need for simplified procedures is stated, and some options for such simplification are indicated.
исследование посвящено освоению тактики действий силовых ведомств в многоэтажных зданиях, одном из наиболее сложных и рискованных направлений служебной деятельности. Актуальность работы обусловлена ростом числа инцидентов в городской среде, включая захваты заложников, вооружённые преступления и террористические угрозы, что требует повышения эффективности действий силовых структур и минимизации рисков для граждан и личного состава. Цель исследования заключается в выявлении и систематизации подходов, методов и практических принципов, обеспечивающих успешное выполнение поставленных задач во многоэтажных зданиях, контроль помещений и безопасность при выполнении оперативных задач. Основными задачами являются анализ особенностей городской архитектуры и выявление возможных угроз, разработка тактических схем поэтажного и поквартирного продвижения, отработка методов перекрестного прикрытия, эвакуации граждан и координации действий подразделений, а также интеграция технических средств для разведки и контроля пространства. Проблематика исследования связана с высокой сложностью операций в условиях ограниченного пространства, многоуровневой конструкции зданий, наличия гражданских лиц, психологической и физической нагрузкой на личный состав, а также необходимостью точной координации действий при ограниченной видимости и коммуникациях. Результаты исследования применимы в подготовке сотрудников силовых ведомств, при разработке учебных программ по тактике действий в городской среде, в организации учений и моделировании различных ситуаций, а также в совершенствовании методов взаимодействия различных силовых и экстренных служб в многоэтажных зданиях. the study is devoted to mastering the tactics of law enforcement agencies in multi-storey buildings, one of the most difficult and risky areas of official activity. The relevance of the work is due to the growing number of incidents in the urban environment, including hostage-taking, armed crimes and terrorist threats, which requires increasing the effectiveness of law enforcement agencies and minimizing risks to citizens and personnel. The purpose of the study is to identify and systematize approaches, methods and practical principles that ensure the successful completion of tasks in multi-storey buildings, control of premises and safety when performing operational tasks. The main tasks are to analyze the features of urban architecture and identify possible threats, develop tactical schemes for floor-by-floor and apartment-by-apartment promotion, develop methods of cross-cover, evacuation of citizens and coordination of unit actions, as well as integrate technical means for reconnaissance and space control. The research issues are related to the high complexity of operations in conditions of limited space, the multilevel construction of buildings, the presence of civilians, the psychological and physical strain on personnel, as well as the need for precise coordination of actions with limited visibility and communications. The results of the study are applicable in the training of employees of law enforcement agencies, in the development of training programs on tactics in the urban environment, in the organization of exercises and modeling of various situations, as well as in improving the methods of interaction of various law enforcement and emergency services in multi-storey buildings.
Purpose of the study. The article examines federal and regional legal provisions governing the allocation of subsidies to regions for one-time compensatory payments to cultural workers who relocate to work in rural localities, workers’ settlements, urban-type settlements, or towns with populations of up to 50,000; it also presents initial insights into the program’s implementation, drawing on data from the Ministry of Culture of the Kirov Region. Conclusions. The President of Russia has repeatedly drawn attention to the development of rural areas and state rural programs, including the implementation of the “Zemsky Cultural Worker” program, modeled on the existing “Zemsky Teacher” and “Zemsky Doctor” programs.
