Seasonal changes in environmental conditions regulate the occurrence and severity of abiotic stresses, thereby influencing plant physiology and metabolism. The liverwort Plagiochasma appendiculatum, growing in its natural habitat in Shillong, Meghalaya, India, experiences four ecologically distinct growing seasons: pre-monsoon (GS1), monsoon (GS2), post-monsoon (GS3), and fruiting (GS4). To elucidate the molecular basis of seasonal acclimation of P. appendiculatum, biochemical and proteomic analyses were conducted across these seasons over 3 consecutive years (2019–2021). Biochemical assays revealed significant seasonal variations in oxidative stress markers and pigment content. Levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) increased from GS1 to GS4, indicating elevated oxidative stress during later seasons, whereas chlorophyll content peaked in GS2, reflecting favourable photosynthetic conditions. Cytosolic proteome profiling using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) identified 37 differentially abundant protein (DAP) spots corresponding to 27 proteins involved in stress defence, photosynthesis, energy metabolism, growth, and other cellular processes. Stress-related proteins were more abundant during GS3 and GS4, while proteins associated with photosynthesis and energy metabolism were enriched in GS2. Growth- and development-related proteins displayed season-specific abundance patterns reflecting developmental transitions. Enzymatic validation further showed that superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity paralleled its increased protein abundance, confirming its role in reactive oxygen species detoxification during seasonal changes. Pearson’s correlation analysis indicated that protein accumulation was positively associated with humidity but negatively associated with photoperiod. Overall, this study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying seasonal acclimation in P. appendiculatum and identifies key proteins as potential targets for future functional studies in bryophyte stress biology.
Cities especially in developing economies like India experience random, haphazard, and unplanned growth often population induced, resulting to urban sprawl having social, economic and environmental implications. Imphal, the largest urban agglomeration (IUA) of Manipur is no exception to this and hence the present study attempts to quantify the dynamics of urban expansion of this agglomeration and associated spatio-temporal land use changes as well as the nature of urban sprawling for the last 4 decades starting from 1991, 2001, 2011 and 2021. Satellite imageries have been downloaded and landuse landcover maps have been prepared using the supervised maximum likelihood classification technique. The magnitude of the urban expansion has been ascertained using the Urban Expansion Intensity Index. The pattern of urban growth and sprawl has been analyzed with the Landscape Metrics and the Shannon’s Entropy technique. The result indicates that the built-up area increases by 55.44
Diabetes, Obesity, Non-alcoholic fatty acid liver and cancer, are some of the metabolic disorders of great concern worldwide. Although dietary habits and lifestyle play important roles in mitigating these health concerns. Nevertheless, the role of cellular regulators which act as molecular switches might provide us better understanding on the molecular trajectory of diseases alleviation. The human body is a complex system made up of diverse biomolecules that execute different biological processes or functions. While performing a biological function or process, biomolecules like proteins or enzymes may work closely with one another to either facilitate or put a brakes on each ' s performance. For example, it has been shown that Synphilin-1, a metabolic regulator, interacts with AMPK the well-known master metabolic regulator, and that this interaction enhances the activation of AMPK. The identification of modulators (activators/ inhibitors) of AMPK has significantly shed light on their potent role in alleviation of metabolic diseases. What effect will the modulators of a metabolic regulator companion bring forth? An activated AMPK is a double-edged sword. Can we strike a new interest in identifying activators/inhibitors of the master regulator companion Synphilin-1? In this scoping review, we discuss on the structure, functions, and interplay between the two cellular regulators (AMPK and Synphilin-1), the role of plant metabolites/compounds as potent modulators and the approach available in identifying protein-metabolite interaction with an aim at providing contributory insights towards discovering modulators of protein Synphilin-1. The articles for compiling in this review were retrieved from databases like PubMed and Google Scholar. The 3D image of proteins was retrieved from databases Uniprot and RCSB PDB.
In this research work, we have successfully designed and developed a Schiff base fluorescent chemosensor for detecting Zn2+ and Cu2+ ions using absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. A stable complex formation of L with Zn2+ was observed with a noticeable isosbestic point in the absorption spectra. Moreover, fluorescence “on-off” response with Zn2+ and Cu2+ was observed which indicates selectively senses of Zn2+ and Cu2+. This sensor displays 1:1 stoichiometric ratio with metal ions by 1H NMR titration, mass spectra, BH-plot and Job’s plot. Moreover, the recyclability of L was assessed through EDTA showing an efficient fluorescence “off-on-off” signal response. Furthermore, the (L+Zn2+) ensemble formed was used for selective recognize F− ion. L achieved an INHIBIT logic function using different chemical inputs and corresponding emission as output. The optimized structures of L and complexes (L+Zn2+ and L+Cu2+) were used to understand spectral properties using DFT which further calculated different reactivity descriptors. This selective sensitivity of L towards Zn2+ were successfully studied and used for detection of Zn2+ intracellularly in mouse breast adenocarcinoma cell.
Chemosensors exhibiting tunable luminescence are of considerable interest for advanced sensing applications. In this work, we report the design and synthesis of a highly orange-emissive Ir(iii) complex, 1[PF6], incorporating a click-generated triazole-based substituted phenanthroline ligand that enables selective and sensitive detection of the nitroaromatic explosive picric acid (PA). The ligand and the complex have been characterized by 1D NMR (1H and 13C) and 2D NMR (1H-1H COSY), ESI-HRMS, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compound 1[PF6] exhibits pronounced solvatochromic behaviour, where upon increasing the solvent polarity, a bathochromic luminescence shifting from green to orange-red is observed. The red shifting of PL maxima of 1[PF6] in highly polar/polar protic solvents is attributed to the alteration of energy of the 3LLCT, 3LC and 3MLCT excited states. Theoretical calculations have been carried out to assign electronic transitions responsible for the observed transition bands in both the ground and excited states. Furthermore, the highly luminescent complex 1[PF6] was successfully employed for the luminescence turn-off detection of the nitroaromatic explosive picric acid. Moreover, a low limit of detection (LOD) of 3.89 nM was obtained for 1[PF6]. For 1[PF6], the Stern-Volmer plot displayed a dynamic nature that was supported by emission lifetime measurements. Theoretical studies were carried out to get insight into the electronic transitions responsible for non-radiative emission in the presence of PA.
