PSG College of Arts and Science (PSG CAS) is a College of Arts and Sciences in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. It was founded in 1947 by G. R. Damodaran.
Breast cancer is prevalent among millions of women worldwide and is considered one of the leading causes of cancer mortality in women. Genetic factors play a significant role in the pathogenesis and treatment options for breast cancer. Multiple genes such as BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK2, ATM, HER2 and PALB2 play crucial roles in breast cancer development. The mechanism of action and their interaction with other genes in response to DNA damage impacts the development of cancer. The mechanism of regulation of each gene is also central when developing drug therapies targeted towards the genetic influences of breast cancer. Current FDA approved drugs and drugs in clinical trials targeted toward the genetic influences of breast cancer include those such as Talazoparib and Margetuximab. Additionally, risk assessment and genetic screening methods are incredibly important to inform patients of their individual risk for breast cancer development. Advancements in understanding of gene specific mechanism and their correlation with breast cancer pathogenesis may provide efficient strategies for precision medicine and enhancing clinical outcomes in breast cancer patients.
The present work deals with the development of new type of cyanate ester-epoxy resin hybrid blends using four different types of cyanate esters derived from bio-based phenolic precursors and fossil-based phenolic precursors through simple synthetic path appropriate for low dielectric constant, thermal, flame-retardant behaviour and hydrophobic applications. The multifunctional cyanate esters (CEs), cardanol and benzaldehyde-based CE (CBC), cardanol and terephthalaldehyde based CE (CTC), imidazole bisphenol-based CE (IMC), and phenol and 4hydroxybenzaldehyde based CE (HTC) were produced using phenolic derivatives and cyanogen bromide under appropriate experimental conditions. Later, the synthesized CEs were blended with two types of epoxy resins, bio-based cardanol- bisphenol epoxy resin (CBE) and fossil-based bisphenol-F epoxy resin (BFE) and the hybrid blends obtained were cured through thermal polymerization in the absence of any catalysts. The blends are designed to achieve moderate cure behaviour, enhanced thermal stability, high char yield, exceptional flame retardance, lower value of dielectric constant and dielectric loss, higher water contact angle, and low moisture absorption compared to those of individual cyanate esters or epoxy resins. The curing temperature of cyanate ester-epoxy resin blends in the absence of catalyst are ranged between 148 degrees C and 215 degrees C. Among them, HTC/ BFE blend was found to be the most efficient hybrid system and which holds the maximum value of char yield of 32.8 %. The values of dielectric constant of cyanate ester-epoxy resin blends are observed between 2.9 and 3.6 at 1 MHz. Similarly, the values of dielectric loss are ranged between 0.02 and 0.005 at 1 MHz. The value of water contact angle of cyanate ester-epoxy resin blends is found to be in the range between 142 degrees and 148 degrees. Further, the developed HTC/BFE cyanate ester-epoxy resin hybrid blend possesses the flame-retardant behaviour of V0 rating. The cyanate ester-epoxy resin blends developed in the present work is considered as cutting-edge concept in the field of cyanate ester-epoxy hybrid technology suitable for production of printed circuit board (PCB) with better performance, also used in the form of adhesives, sealants, encapsulants, matrices for microelectronics insulation applications.
Plant tissue culture underpins plant biotechnology by enabling clonal propagation, somatic embryogenesis, genetic transformation, germplasm conservation, and in vitro production of valuable metabolites. Its broader application, however, remains constrained by genotype-dependent recalcitrance, limited reproducibility, and largely empirical protocol optimization. Recent advances in omics technologies including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and emerging single-cell and spatial omics have greatly improved understanding of the molecular regulation of in vitro responses. In parallel, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) approaches have enabled efficient analysis of high-dimensional omics data and their translation into predictive outcomes. This review synthesizes recent progress at the interface of omics and AI in plant tissue culture, highlighting tangible achievements such as ML-based prediction of regeneration and embryogenic competence with reported accuracies often exceeding 90
The thermo-physical properties of Fe1-xTix [x = 45, 50 & 55 at.% Ti] alloys were systematically investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), High-temperature X-ray diffraction (HTXRD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Arc melting was used to synthesize the alloy samples. The homogeneity and composition of the homogenized alloy (1073 K/120 h) have been confirmed by SEM-EDS analysis. Rietveld refinement was used to determine the lattice parameters and relative phase fractions of the constituent phases. The average thermal expansion coefficients for the FeTi phase were found to be alpha ai = 1.109 x 10-5 K-1 (linear) and alpha v i = 3.324 x 10-5 K-1 (volumetric). The Cp of the singlephase FeTi intermetallic compound was measured employing heat flux DSC, utilizing conventional "three-step" procedures. Using an analytical framework based on the quasi-harmonic Debye-Gr & uuml;neisen model, a correlation between Cp and the enthalpy increment (HT - H298.15) was established across the temperature range 0-860 K. The model enables the deconvolution of the total heat capacity into vibrational, anharmonic, and electronic contributions, providing deeper insight into the thermal behavior of the FeTi intermetallic compound.
The design of superhydrophobic, anti-corrosion, anti-icing and self-cleanable coatings has received increasing interest in the field of transportation, energy and infrastructure. In this context, a new bio-based cardanolphthalein cored bisphenol (CP) as a precursor for coating materials was synthesized using cardanol and phthalic anhydride under appropriate experimental conditions. The two different aliphatic amines [(Jeffamine-D230 (jef) and 4,7,10-Trioxa-1,13-tridecanediamine (ttd)] were used for the preparation of CP based benzoxazines (CP-Bz) to achieve multifunctional surface protection with superhydrophobic, anti-icing and self-cleaning characteristics. Structural confirmation was performed using FTIR, and 1H NMR analyses. The curing behaviour of monomers were analysed using DSC, and among the benzoxazine monomers synthesized, CP-ttd possesses the lowest curing temperature of 180 degrees C. The synthesized cardanol-phthalein benzoxazine (CP-Bz) monomers were polymerized through thermal curing to form cross-linked polybenzoxazine networks. The poly(CP-ttd) exhibited an excellent thermal stability with a T5% of 385 degrees C, Tmax of 515 degrees C and a char yield of 26% as determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The water contact angle measurements infer that the polybenzoxazines approaches to the superhydrophobic surface with the values ranged between 136 degrees and 150 degrees f 2 degrees. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentio-dynamic polarization tests indicated better corrosion resistance, with an impedance modulus of 1.30 x 107 Omega cm2 and a corrosion density (Icorr) of 11 mu A cm- 2 representing a threeorder of magnitude improvement compared to that of bare steel substrate. Anti-icing study of the CP polybenzoxazines coatings showed delayed ice formation with a freezing time of 600 s compared to that of cardanol polybenzoxazines coatings. Also, the efficient self-cleaning nature of the CP based polybenzoxazine coatings was achieved and reported. The poly(CP-ttd) coated on glass substrate exhibited the superhydrophobic water contact angle value of 150 degrees. These findings shows that cardanol-phthalein cored benzoxazine coatings can serve as highperformance alternatives for advanced protective and anti-contaminant applications in aerospace, marine, and energy sectors.
