PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research is a teaching hospital and research institute located in Peelamedu, Coimbatore. It was established in 1985 as a part of PSG Group. It has NABH accreditation. PSG Hospitals, a 1400-bed, tertiary care hospital was recently awarded with JCI prime certification and has become the first hospital in TamilNadu to receive the accreditation. The hospital is affiliated to the PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research and has been recognized as an institution that offers students with multiple facilities at the undergraduate and postgraduate level. PSG Institute of Paramedical Sciences and Nursing are associated with the institute.
Diabesity, defined as the coexistence of type 2 diabetes and obesity, is a major global driver of cardiovascular disease through mechanisms of chronic low-grade meta-inflammation. Recent advances in glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) have demonstrated benefits that extend beyond glycemic control to encompass immunometabolic modulation. The present narrative review aimed to synthesize evidence on the anti-inflammatory pathways and cardiovascular benefits of these agents, focusing on their mechanistic overlap, divergence and clinical implications. A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar was conducted for articles published between 2010 and 2024. Approximately 350 articles were screened, and 129 were included based on relevance to inflammation, diabesity and cardiovascular outcomes, integrating data from mechanistic studies, imaging substudies and randomized controlled trials. Evidence suggests that GLP-1 RAs primarily attenuate inflammation through gut-brain-vascular signaling, endothelial transcriptional modulation, and macrophage polarization, whereas SGLT2is exert their effects via renal-hemodynamic reset, suppression of the NLRP3 inflammasome, and reduction of epicardial adipose tissue. Both classes consistently lower levels of systemic cytokines such as IL-6 and hsCRP and improve endothelial function, collectively mitigating cardiometabolic risk. However, major outcome trials were not designed with inflammation as a primary endpoint, and no head-to-head studies have directly compared these agents for inflammatory outcomes. Critical research gaps include the need for standardized biomarker panels, advanced imaging modalities, and evaluation of combination therapy. Future research should focus on precision medicine approaches incorporating phenotyping, biomarker stratification and long-term inflammation-focused trials to optimize personalized treatment strategies for patients with diabesity.
Introduction: Knowledge of variations in the vascular anatomy of the circle of Willis is necessary for radiologists and neurosurgeons performing radiological procedures and intracranial surgeries. Aim: To identify vessels forming the Circle of Willis and to determine the incidence of its variations in the Circle of Willis in cadaveric brain specimens. Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore Tamil Nadu, India, from February 2021 to January 2024. A total of 30 brain specimens, including those of both genders, were removed and fixed in formalin. The variations that were observed are hypoplasia, aplasia, duplication, and differences in the dimensions between opposite segments. Observations regarding shape, symmetry and architecture were noted. The variations in the vessels that form the Circle of Willis were identified. Comparison of length and diameter between right and left-sided arteries of the Circle of Willis was done with Student’s paired t-test. Results: Out of the total of 30 available human brain specimens, 22 specimens presented with the classic shape (heptagonal) of the Circle of Willis. Eight specimens showed variation in the Anterior Cerebral Artery (ACA). One specimen showed variation in the Posterior Cerebral Artery (PCA). Ten specimens showed variation in the Anterior Communicating Artery (ACoA) and 12 specimens showed variations in the Posterior Communicating Artery (PCoA). Conclusion: Knowledge of variations in the Circle of Willis is essential for radiologists and neurosurgeons to interpret angiography and plan neurovascular procedures accurately.
Molecular classification of endometrial cancer is embedded in international guidelines developed in high-resource settings where molecular profiling, including POLE sequencing, is routine. Whether these recommendations are adopted in resource-variable low- and middle-income country (LMIC) settings is poorly characterised, and no data exist from southern India. This study assessed practice patterns, barriers, and confidence in molecular-risk-guided adjuvant radiotherapy among radiation oncologists in a southern Indian state. A cross-sectional, anonymous, web-based survey of 30 questions was distributed to radiation oncologists across the state (March–April 2026), assessing demographics, molecular profiling availability, treatment for Stage IA and IB disease by molecular subtype (including a standardised clinical vignette), barriers, and demand for region-specific guidelines. Responses were summarised descriptively. Reporting followed the CROSS checklist. Forty-seven radiation oncologists responded; 64
Introduction: Personality refers to the enduring characteristics and behaviors that comprise a person’s unique adjustment to life. The Meyers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) is a self-report inventory used to assess personality preferences. Being aware of personality type allows one to deliberately engage in decision-making. Aim The aim of the present study was to assess the patterns of personality traits among interns using online MBTI tools and to obtain their opinions on their own personality traits and career decision making. Methodology: A questionnaire study was conducted among 24 medical interns posted in primary healthcare centers selected by purposive sampling. Personality patterns were assessed using a free online MBTI. Subsequently, 16 personality patterns were explained to them through an interactive lecture. A Google form was then circulated to assess their perception and attitude toward changing their career decision-making. SPSS version 28.0 was used to obtain descriptive data. Results Among the 24 interns, the most common personality patterns reported were (ENFP) (29.2%) Extroverted, Intuitive, Feeling and Perceiving, (INFJ) (12.5%) Introverted, Intuitive, Feeling, and Judging and (ISFJ) (12.5%) Introverted, Sensing, Feeling and Judging. Majority of the participants (63%) found the assigned personality types to be accurate; however, 38% wanted to change it. Judging, introvert and extrovert traits were found to be the most challenging to get along with, while the comfortable traits were extrovert and perceiving types. Only four participants wished to change their careers after knowing their personalities. Conclusion Most common personality pattern is ENFP, INFJ and ISFJ. Majority felt happy with their personality and only 16% wish to change their career decision making. MBTI can be a useful tool for interns to know themselves, understand others and career decision making.
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is an important respiratory pathogen associated with seasonal outbreaks, disproportionately affecting children, older adults, and immunocompromised individuals. The recent surveillance reports from selected regions during the winter of 2024–2025 have shown increased viral activity, which showed the increasing public health threat of this respiratory pathogen. HMPV transmission is influenced by seasonal and environmental factors, prolonged viral shedding, and asymptomatic spread, which complicates the disease control. Still, no licensed vaccine or antiviral therapeutics are currently available. This perspective discusses the epidemiological trends, transmission dynamics, and emerging vaccine strategies with a focus on antigenic diversity and immune correlates of protection. The continued surveillance, improving diagnostics strategies, and accelerated vaccine development are essential to reduce the disease burden and improve our preparedness against future respiratory outbreaks.
