Fast tidal currents are generally found in shallow water depths where tidal turbines can be deployed to operate. In complex environments in which there is an irregular bathymetry, seabed shape changes can induce pressure gradients that accelerate or decelerate the flow depending on the slope and relative depth, affecting turbine wake recovery. In this study, a laboratory scale turbine, represented numerically using an Actuator Line Method (ALM), is computed using Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) over a flat-bed and in presence of three ridges with differing streamwise lengths. Turbines are positioned at several locations, namely at ridge-centre (0D) and at 2D upstream and downstream from the foot of the ridge to establish the influence of location on wake recovery rate. Turbine operating point is selected to yield a constant tip-speed ratio based on the disc-averaged velocity at each location obtained from a precursor simulation run without turbines. Results show that, relative to the same turbine in a flat channel, there is a noticeable enhancement of the rate of wake recovery when a turbine is sited upstream of the ridge whereas fatigue loads are higher when sited downstream of the ridge. Implications for array design regarding performance losses due to turbine- and bathymetry-induced wakes are drawn.
Globally, artificial intelligence (AI) is drastically changing educational systems by presenting fresh chances for individualized instruction, effective management, and creative teaching methods. But its acceptance also calls into question governance, ethics, and equity. With an emphasis on its sustainable and responsible use, this study investigates the effects, perceptions, and governance requirements of AI in education. To capture a comprehensive understanding, a mixed-methods design was used. Surveys of 400 participants—teachers, students, and school administrators from both urban and rural areas were used to gather quantitative data. While students showed varying degrees of understanding and acceptance, teachers and administrators showed moderate to high levels of awareness, according to the analysis. Positive attitudes toward the adoption of AI were significantly influenced by prior exposure to digital tools and training, according to regression and ANCOVA results. To supplement these findings, semi-structured interviews were used to gather qualitative data. These interviews revealed five main themes: a lack of knowledge about artificial intelligence, perceived advantages for management and learning, ethical concerns about data privacy, barriers to infrastructure and training, and the need for stricter regulations. All of the results point to the need for strong ethical frameworks, focused capacity-building, and open governance structures to guide the integration of AI in education, even though it has the potential to improve accessibility, engagement, and efficiency. The report suggests establishing extensive awareness campaigns, creating precise guidelines for the moral application of AI, and encouraging interdisciplinary cooperation to strike a balance between creativity and accountability. Education systems can guarantee that AI makes a significant contribution to high-quality, inclusive, and future-ready learning by tackling these problems.
Ушбу тадқиқотда гидротехника иншоотларининг хавфсизлигини мониторинг қилишда сунъий интеллект (СИ) ва катта маълумотлар таҳлили(КМТ)нинг қўлланилиши ўрганилади. Замонавий сенсорлар ва мониторингтизимларидан йиғилган катта ҳажмдаги маълумотлар СИ алгоритмлариёрдамида таҳлил қилиниб, иншоотларнинг ҳолати, потенциал хавфлар вааварияларнинг олдини олиш имкониятлари баҳоланади. Тадқиқотда машинаўқитиш ва чуқур ўқитиш усулларидан фойдаланиб, хавфларни аниқлаш вабаҳолашнинг самарали алгоритмлари ишлаб чиқилди. Тадқиқот натижаларишуни кўрсатадики, СИ ва КМТ гидротехника иншоотларининг хавфсизлигинимониторинг қилишда юқори аниқлик ва ишончлиликни таъминлайди. Ишлабчиқилган алгоритмлар аварияларнинг олдини олиш ва иншоотларнинг хизматмуддатини узайтиришга ёрдам беради. Хулоса қилиб айтганда, ушбу тадқиқотгидротехника иншоотларининг хавфсизлигини таъминлашда СИ ва КМТнингмуҳим ролини тасдиқлайди ва келгусида бу соҳада янада кўпроқ тадқиқотларўтказиш зарурлигини кўрсатади.
Охирги йилларда Aмударё қуйи оқимида сув сарфи камайишимуносабати билан Тахиатош гидроузелининг иш режими тубдан ўзгарди. Сувтанқислиги шароитида гидроузел узоқ вақт давомида димланган режимдаишлагани сабабли дарё ўзанида лойқаланиш жараёни кучайган, натижада суволувчи каналларга лойқа кириб, уларнинг самарадорлигини камайтирмоқда.Мақолада Тахиатош юқори бьефида олиб борилган тадқиқотлар натижаларикелтирилган бўлиб, бунда гидроузелнинг 35 йил давомидаги иш режими ва шунгамос равишда ўзанда юз берган ўзгаришлар таҳлил қилинган.
Potato accounts for 10.85 per cent of the Himachal’s total (17.22 lakh MT) vegetable output, which is the highest among all vegetables. In terms of area and output of potato, the state’s third-ranked district is Sirmaur, and the Trans-Giri region of Sirmaur is notable for its high-quality potato production. Therefore, in the light of vital importance of potato in the Sirmaur’s agrarian economy, this study reports the economic analysis of potato cultivation in Trans-Giri region which was done based on primary survey of 60 farmers grouped into small and large farmers of Sirmaur district during 2022-23. The total variable cost, total cost and net farm income on overall farm came to be Rs. 17,6368/hectare, Rs. 21,4929/hectare and Rs. 17,1618/hectare, respectively. Hired labour and potato seed made up the majority of the expenses which was around 52 per cent of total variable costs. Potato production seemed profitable with an output-input ratio of 1.80. To increase the production and profitability of potato crop, farmers must rationalize the use of inputs in accordance with package of practices.
