Rajamangala University of Technology (Thai: มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีราชมงคล), (RMUT), is one of the university systems in Thailand. It has nine universities providing undergraduate and graduate level education. It was elevated to university status in 2005. Before that it was known as Rajamangala Institute of Technology (สถาบันเทคโนโลยีราชมงคล).In September 2016, Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha invoked Section 44 of the interim charter allowing him to form a special panel to take over administration of Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-ok as it was judged to be incapable of administering itself.
Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) is rapidly reshaping higher education, yet evidence remains limited on how students’ AI dependency relates to cognitive load and learning-related outcomes. Drawing on Technology Dependency Theory and Cognitive Load Theory, this study examines the curvilinear associations between AI dependency, intrinsic, extraneous, and germane cognitive load, and two outcomes: higher-order thinking skills (self-reported) and academic enjoyment. An online survey of 951 undergraduate students from eight universities in Sichuan, China, instructed participants to respond with reference to typical coursework in which they use the Chinese GenAI tool DeepSeek for study-related activities, rather than a one-off experimental task. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling assessed measurement quality and estimated direct associations, while polynomial regression and the Two-Lines procedure tested nonlinearity.Results show a dependency curve. Extraneous load is lowest at moderate AI dependency. Germane load, higher-order thinking skills, and academic enjoyment also peak at moderate AI dependency. Intrinsic load decreases as more processing is handled by GenAI. The study shifts attention from usage amount to AI dependency. It shows outcomes are clearer when considering extraneous and germane load instead of assuming linear effects. The findings support structure-first guidance that reduces coordination and checking costs while maintaining generative engagement.
Probabilistic condition and safety maintenance strategies on concrete highway bridges with chloride-based deterioration are cost-prioritized, using a self-developed Monte Carlo platform. Practical probabilistic data of four maintenance types are gathered; Silane treatment (SL), Cathodic protection (CP), Minor concrete repair (CR), and Rebuild (RB). Six combined maintenance strategies (2–3 maintenance types) are proposed. From the study, the combined strategy of SL + RB is found cost-optimum based on 50-year present value of expected cumulative cost, nevertheless there is 55
Carotenoid biosynthesis in citrus is intricately regulated by developmental cues and environmental stimuli; however, elucidating these regulatory networks in planta remains challenging due to environmental variability. This study employed an in vitro culture system using juice sacs from ‘Siam Red Ruby’ and ‘Benimadoka’ pumelo cultivars to examine the influence of environmental factors on carotenoid metabolism under controlled conditions. Throughout a four-week culture period at 25 °C, the juice sacs exhibited cellular enlargement without callus formation, accompanied by significant changes in carotenoid content and gene expression. Treatment with blue LED light (470 nm peak), 5
Corn stalk pentosan (CSP) offers a cost-effective alternative to more traditional sources. This study revealed structural characterization of CSP and investigated the regulation mechanism of CSP on dough processing characteristics and its impact on bread texture, digestibility, and storage stability. CSP was extracted and purified from corn straw, revealing a homogeneous polysaccharide with a molecular weight of 3.24 x 106 Da. Structural analysis indicated a backbone of (1-1,4-linked xylose residues with mono-substituted arabinose side chains connected via alpha-1,5-glycosidic bonds. In dough, CSP participated in construction of continuous and uniform gluten network and significantly improved its rheological properties, as evidenced by the increased water binding capacity, elevated (1-sheet structures and free sulfhydryl groups of dough. In bread, adding appropriate CSP significantly improved its texture characteristics, reduced glucose release during starch digestion, and slowed starch retrogradation. After bread storage, adding 3.0 % CSP slowed the increase in bread hardness, reducing it to 69.29 % of the control bread's hardness, while increasing the content of RS by 34.47 %. This was attributed to the hydrophilic groups on the CSP molecules, which bound water and prevented its involvement in amylopectin recrystallization. CSP as a valuable dietary fiber derived from corn stalk can improve the textural properties of flour-based products and inhibit starch retrogradation.
This study investigates the gamma-ray shielding properties of gallium borate glass with varying concentrations of barium oxide (BaO) at 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 mol%. The shielding properties were investigated through both experimental measurements and Monte Carlo simulations. Experimentally, gamma ray attenuation was evaluated at multiple photon energies using the Compton scattering method. The PHITS Monte Carlo code was employed to simulate radiation interaction and effective dose rate within a computational phantom under an anterior-posterior (AP) direction. Additionally, simulated results were compared with theoretical values obtained from the WinXCom database over an energy range of 0.015-15 MeV. Essential parameters, including the mass attenuation coefficient (mu m), effective atomic number (Zeff), effective electron density (Neff), mean free path (MFP), and half-value layer (HVL), were analyzed. The density of the glass samples increased from 2.81 to 3.12 g/cm3, while the molar volume increased from 31.82 to 33.43 cm3/mol with higher BaO content. XRD analysis confirmed the amorphous structure of all glass samples. UV-Vis absorption spectra in the range of 200-800 nm revealed that all glass samples exhibited transmittance values exceeding 85 %. The radiation analysis demonstrates that increasing BaO content significantly enhances the gamma shielding performance of gallium borate glass by improving mass attenuation, increasing Zeff and Neff. The HVL decreased from 3.04 cm to 2.70 cm at 0.662 MeV. The maximum effective dose rate within the phantom also decreased from 3.157 x 101 mu Sv/h (no shielding) to 2.993 x 101 mu Sv/h with 25 mol% BaO glass, while the minimum effective dose rate was reduced from 1.04 x 10-1 mu Sv/h to 1.745 x 10-1 mu Sv/h, confirming a substantial reduction in high dose regions. The results suggest that BaO doped gallium borate glass possesses significant potential as a candidate material for Xray and radiotherapy shielding windows, due to its superior radiation attenuation capabilities and high optical transparency.
