Rani Anna Government College for Women

Supply chain resilience is critical in addressing disruptions that jeopardize business continuity, with traditional risk management strategies often falling short. AI techniques,Bayesian networks, are particularly highlighted for their potential, though the growth phase of resilience remains insufficiently explored. Recent crises, including the pandemic and geopolitical dealings like the Russian assault of Ukraine, must accelerate the adoption of digital tools, encouraging a shift from lean strategies to “just-in-case” approaches. These developments stress on proactive digital capabilities to mitigate risks and manage uncertainties. Despite their promise, challenges such as security risks,interoperability issues, and limited digital maturity constrain the full utilization of disruptive technologies. This study synthesizes to offer a comprehensive perspective on how emerging technologies transform supply chain risk management. It concludes by underscoring the need for further exploration of the growth phase and optimization of digital technologies to achieve sustained resilience.

Global disruptions such as pandemics, geopolitical tensions, natural disasters, and economic crises have greatly disrupted supply chains across the world. Such disruptions reveal the exposures of supply chain structures, leading to shortages, delays, and an increase in cost. The pandemic exposed the exposures of world supply chains, producing unprecedented operations, logistics, and consumption patterns. Similarly, geopolitical tensions and trade barriers have also caused supply chain blockages, leading companies to rethink their procurement processes. Climate-related disasters also worsen these disruptions by destroying infrastructure and transport systems. To allay these threats, businesses increasingly adopt digital transformation, including business intelligence, blockchain technology, and analytics tools to improve supply chain resilience. Supplier diversification, nearshoring, and just-in-case inventory models are emerging as major strategies to prevent over-reliance on single-source suppliers.

ABSTRACT In the present work, we report the computational analysis of 5‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)‐4H‐1,2,4‐Triazole‐3‐thiol (4MTT) compound, a potential nematicidal active molecule. DFT/B3LYP/6‐311+G(d,p) level was implemented to explore the structural, electronic, and quantum chemical properties of the compound. The vibrational spectra were documented, and wavenumbers were assigned theoretically by means of PED. MESP investigation enabled to categorize electrophilic and nucleophilic sites. The study proves that 4MTT molecule has a strong kinetic stability, based on its significant HOMO‐LUMO band‐gap of 4.8491 (gas), 4.9037 (CCl 4) , and 4.9057 (water) eV. Topological analyses of the molecule were executed using LOL, RDG, and ELF. The TD‐DFT technique was applied to estimate UV‐vis spectra in gaseous and various solvent media. The most effective inhibitor, 1ODC, was especially notable for docking studies as it may create up to two H‐bonds, resulting in binding affinity of −6.17 kcal/mol. The ligand‐protein framework interactions were also validated by molecular dynamics modelling. The MLR model was the most profitable model in the QSAR investigation, with a correlation coefficient (R) of 0.958 and cross‐validated correlation coefficient (Q2) of 0.7058. These findings imply that 1,2,4‐triazole compounds have a high potential for the growth of nematodes. Thus, aforementioned outcomes showed that the chemical 4MTT might be a viable nematicide.

Green entrepreneurship is a modern approach to business that integrates environmental responsibility with economic progress. Unlike conventional entrepreneurs who focus primarily on maximizing profits, green entrepreneurs aim to balance financial viability with ecological preservation and social well-being. Eco-innovation, on the other hand, serves as the technological and organizational foundation for sustainable business practices. The present study is based on the collection of data from secondary sources. Secondary data is collected from various published and unpublished records, books, magazines, and journals. The study suggests that future research should focus on sector-specific case studies and regional analysis to understand how green entrepreneurship and eco-innovation can be implemented effectively in different contexts. The study concludes that green entrepreneurship and eco-innovation are essential drivers of sustainable development, as they integrate economic growth with environmental responsibility and social well-being. Continuous monitoring and updating of practices will also be essential, as sustainability is an evolving field that requires constant innovation.

Fluoride is naturally present in water, soil, gases, and dust, and elevated concentrations can impose physiological stress on plants. Aluminium (Al³+) toxicity is a major constraint to crop growth, as it disrupts root development, nutrient uptake, and cellular regulatory processes. This study evaluated the effects of varying fluoride ion concentrations (0, 1, 2, 5, 10, 50, and 100 mg L-1), applied alone or in combination with aluminium (Al³+), on rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Deluxe Ponni). The responses were assessed through changes in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), and glutathione reductase (GR), which were monitored on a monthly basis. Post-harvest analyses determined carbohydrate and protein contents in rice grains and evaluated soil pH, electrical conductivity, and microbial population. Fluoride-aluminium stress enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities, indicating the activation of defense mechanisms to mitigate oxidative damage. Fluoride alone increased soil pH by reducing acidity, whereas combined fluoride-aluminium treatments resulted in a moderate pH increase, likely due to aluminium hydroxide formation and associated proton dynamics. This slight increase in soil pH promoted microbial activity, and overall, the combined fluoride-aluminium treatment elicited favorable physiological responses in rice and improved soil quality.