Ponnaiyah Ramajayam Institute of Science and Technology (PRIST) is a private and deemed university in Vallam Thanjavur, India. The institute offers undergraduate and postgraduate courses in Engineering, Science, Education, Management, Arts, and Law, as well as research programmes. The institute has campuses in Trichy, Kumbakonam, Puducherry, Chennai, and Madurai. Ponnaiyah Ramajayam Institutions is a group of colleges in Tamil Nadu.
In vitro propagation using shoot apical meristem culture provides a reliable method for producing uniform, disease-free sugarcane planting material. This study aimed to optimize hormone regimes for two French genotypes, FG03-418 and FG04-754, and highlighted their genotype-specific responses that improved shoot initiation, multiplication, rooting, and acclimatization efficiency. This study optimized in vitro propagation of two French sugarcane genotypes (FG03-418 and FG04-754) using shoot apical meristems under a randomized design, revealing genotype-specific responses to plant growth regulators. FG03-418 showed optimal initiation on MS medium with 0.75 mg/L 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP), while FG04-754 responded best at 1.25 mg/L BAP. During multiplication, FG03-418 produced the highest shoot number (11.56 ± 0.68) at 1.5 mg/L BAP + 0.5 mg/L 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and achieved maximum shoot length and leaf number (5.47 ± 0.31) at 2.0 mg/L BAP + 0.5 mg/L NAA, whereas FG04-754 exhibited optimal shoot growth at 2.0 mg/L BAP + 0.5 mg/L NAA. Root induction was most effective on half-strength MS medium supplemented with NAA, at 5.0 mg/L for FG03-418 and 4.0 mg/L for FG04-754, producing mean root lengths of 7.05 ± 0.13 cm and 5.27 ± 0.14 cm, respectively. Acclimatization in a greenhouse substrate of sand, soil, and compost (1:2:1) resulted in survival rates above 95
This study explores the potential of synthesized and crystallized 4 '-bromo-5-(furan-2-yl)-1,6-dihydro-[1,1 '-biphenyl]-3(2H)-one (BFDhB) against Ebola virus disease (EVD). We performed computational optimization using B3LYP-GD3 at the aug-cc-pVDZ level of the theory. Hirshfeld plots reveal that the predominant interactions in these molecules are H & ctdot;H (34.2%), O & ctdot;H (19.6%), C & ctdot;H (22.4%), H & ctdot;Br (16.3%), C & ctdot;Br (3.7%), C & ctdot;C (1.9%), C & ctdot;O (1.3%) and O & ctdot;Br (0.6%). The compounds showed significant biological potential, forming insightful bonding interactions with Ebola virus proteins, resulting in a binding affinity of -7.3 kcal/mol with protein 5HJ3 and -6.0 kcal/mol with protein 5T3T. The compound also formed three hydrogen bonds with 5HJ3 and two hydrogen bonds with the protein 5T3T. In silico drug likeness predicted a high gastrointestinal absorption rate, BBB permeance and positive lead likeness. The study presents BFDhB as a lead compound for consideration as a therapeutic option for Ebola, pending further experimental findings.
In the current study, new Schiff base compounds 1-4 were synthesized by the combination of various aldehydes such as propionaldehyde, cinnamaldehyde, furan-2-carbaldehyde and thiophen-2-carbaldehyde with pyrazolefunctionalized amines using a magnetic stirrer. Characterization (color, appearance, melting point, IR, mass, 1H and 13CNMR, and single-crystal XRD analysis), antioxidant characteristics, and molecular docking investigations of the synthesized compounds were explored in this work. The crystal data of the heteroatom isomers (i.e., compounds 3 and 4) are discussed in detail, where the pyran and thiopyran are in the planar conformation and molecule 3 is stabilized with a range of hydrogen bonds, although both 3 and 4 are stabilized with inter- and intra H-bonds, and pi...pi interactions. The antioxidant properties of compounds 1-4 were assessed using an in vitro DPPH assay. In comparison to the ascorbic acid standard (98.95 %), compound 1 (96.10 %) expressed parallel antioxidant potential at a concentration of 0.4 mg/mL. Molecular docking simulations were performed to identify the binding interactions between these compounds and target biomolecules. Compound 2 ensured the greatest binding (Glide score -7.98) to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein.
A series of new pyrazole (1,2-azole) Schiff bases 1-4 were synthesized by combining benzaldehyde or substituted benzaldehydes with functionalized amines under mild conditions. The synthesized Schiff bases were characterized by their physical properties, spectral characterization (IR, mass, 1H NMR, D2O exchange, and 13C NMR), and single-crystal X-ray crystallography. Since pyrazole is an important class of pharmacophore with diverse pharmacological activities, the present study aimed to investigate its radical scavenging ability by the DPPH method. Compounds 3 and 4 exhibited notable antioxidant activity even at concentrations below 1.0 mu g/mL. Furthermore, to explore the anticancer efficacy, molecular docking was conducted for all compounds. Among them, compound 3 exhibited a higher binding affinity toward EGFR kinase than both the co-crystallized compound (AQ4) and the other newly synthesized compounds, indicating its potential as an EGFR kinase inhibitor. Consequently, compound 3 was tested for cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cell lines at various concentrations using the MTT assay.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurological disorder marked by progressive cognitive decline and memory loss, and it remains a major global health concern due to the limited effectiveness of current symptomatic treatments. This study used SSZ, a novel, chemically synthesized compound featuring pyrrolopyridine and N-cyclohexyl groups, designed as a multi-targeted inhibitor with anti-AD pharmacophore properties. We investigated the therapeutic potential of SSZs using an experimental rat model of AD produced by amyloidbeta (A(3). SSZ demonstrated substantial pharmacological activity by targeting key enzymes implicated in AD pathogenesis, including BACE-1, gamma-secretase, MAO-B, and acetylcholinesterase. In addition, SSZ therapy demonstrated neuroprotective benefits by significantly reducing apoptotic markers (Bax, caspase-3) and upregulating the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. This compound also restored myelin basic protein (MBP) levels and reduced pathological markers such as neurofilament light chain (NEFL) and microtubule-associated protein (MAP). Moreover, SSZ increased antioxidant defences, such as glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), decreased oxidative stress markers, such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), nitric oxide (NO), and malondialdehyde (MDA), and regulated inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-alpha and IL-1(3. Notably, SSZ restored neurotransmitter levels, dopamine, acetylcholine, and glutamate, essential for cognitive function. Histopathological analyses revealed that SSZ mitigated neuronal and myelin damage across critical brain regions, including the midbrain, hippocampus, and cortex. When combined with standard treatments such as donepezil and memantine, SSZ demonstrated synergistic effects, further enhancing its therapeutic efficacy. These results highlight SSZ's potential as a multi-targeted therapeutic option to combat AD pathogenesis and improve therapy approaches.
