Paraoksonaz 1 (PON1), detoksifikasyon ve antioksidan özellikleri ile birçok metabolik süreçlerde önemli fonksiyonlara sahip PON ailesinin bir üyesidir. Ayrıca PON1, laktonaz aktivitesi aracılığıyla bakteriler tarafından üretilen lakton yapısındaki sinyal moleküllerini hidrolize ederek onların quorum sensing (QS) mekanizmalarının inhibisyonuna sebep olur. Bu mekanizmaların en kritik çıktılarından biri, klinik açıdan ciddi bir problem olan biyofilm oluşumudur. Bu nedenle PON1’in laktonaz aktivitesi, enzimi potansiyel bir anti-biyofilm ajanı haline getirmektedir. Bu çalışmada, ilk kez tarafımızca sentezlenen Sepharose 4B–L-tirozin-1-naftilamin jeli kullanılarak insan serumundan hPON1 enzimi hidrofobik etkileşim kromatografisi ile saflaştırılmıştır. Enzimin laktonaz aktivitesi üzerine Rifamisin ve Teikoplanin etken maddelerinin inhibisyon etkileri in vitro olarak araştırılmış ve her iki antibiyotiğin de enzimi belirli düzeyde inhibe ettiği görülmüştür. Elde edilen IC₅₀ değerleri; Rifamisin için 42.81 µg/mL, Teikoplanin için ise 42.89 µg/mL olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bulgular, bu antibiyotiklerin bakterisidal etkilerinin yanı sıra hPON1 aracılı antibiyofilm mekanizmalarını da zayıflatabileceğini düşündürmektedir.
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Aim: COVID-19 is a global pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-COV-2). The objective of this study is to determine the relationship between blood eosinophil levels and the severity and mortality of COVID-19. Methods: The data of 678 patients were retrospectively collected from the electronic database of a hospital by researchers between March 2020 and December 2021. This is a descriptive study, and no specific sampling method was employed. The data were evaluated based on three groups of patients (moderate, severe, and chronic). Eosinophil values within the first 24 hours following hospital admission were obtained. The data was analyzed through IBM SPSS Statistics (20.0) software. Parametric tests were used for the statistical evaluations when the normality assumptions were met. Mann-Whitney U was used for two independent groups and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the relations. p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: In our study, it was found that eosinophil levels did not have an effect on disease severity (p=0.941). The COVID-19 related mortality rate was 14.6%, and the rate of severe/critical disease progression was 27.3%. Upon examining hematological parameters, it was observed that critical cases had significantly higher NEU values (p=0.001) and PCT values (p=0.024). LYM (p=0.007), HGB (p=0.029), PLT (p=0.023), HCT (p=0.005), MCV (p=0.039), MCH (p=0.048), MCHC (p=0.001), and RDW (p=0.023) were significantly lower in the severe group. It was determined that age, HCT, MCV, MCHC, urea, uric acid, sodium and potassium parameters were not significant risk factors for mortality (p>0.05). A reduction in MCHC (OR: 0.996; p=0.007) and sodium (p=0.031) demonstrated a mitigating effect on disease severity. The predictive effect of other parameters was found to be statistically insignificant. Conclusion: The effect of eosinophil levels on the severity and mortality of COVID-19 has not been found, whereas a decrease in MCHC and sodium levels showed a mitigating effect on disease severity. Further research is needed to investigate the clinical significance of these indicators in COVID-19 patients.
Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the outcomes of ENOVA GF3 intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, we evaluated the clinical results of patients undergoing phacoemulsification and implanted ENOVA GF3, a hydrophobic acrylic IOL, in XXXX ophthalmology clinic. 320 eyes of 292 patients were included in the study. All operations were performed by the same surgeon. The postoperative follow-up examinations were conducted on the 1 st and 7 th postoperative days and at the 1 st , 3 rd , 6 th and 12 th months. In these examinations, we examined uncorrected distance visual acuity, corrected distance visual acuity, uncorrected and corrected near visual acuity. Photographs of the anterior segment were taken after pupil dilation, Glistening and posterior capsule opacification (PCO) formations were noted. Deviations from the target refraction were determined by postoperative autorefractometer values. The patients underwent contrast sensitivity tests. All patients’ quality of life was determined with the National Eye Institute-Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ 25). Results: In 282 eyes (88%) the mean incision size was 2.20 and in 38 eyes (12%) it was 2.80 mm. In terms of intraoperative complications, intraoperative floppy iris (IFIS) occurred in 3 patients (0.01%) and posterior capsule rupture (PCR) occurred in 1 patient (0.003%). Evaluations at 6 and 12 months showed no glistening, PCO or any other complications. The target refraction deviation values were 0.06 ± 0.71 and the mean corrected visual acuity was 0.98 ± 20 at the 12-month evaluation after IOL implantation. Conclusion: It was found that the ENOVA GF3 IOL was a safe lens in terms of intraoperative complications, postoperative fibrin reaction, deviation from target refraction, PCO and glistening. Considering the short- and long-term results of ENOVA GF3, we suggest that it can be preferred in clinical practice.
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of the C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR) in predicting 30-day mortality among patients diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) presenting to the emergency department (ED). Material and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 312 patients diagnosed with CAP who presented to the ED of a tertiary care hospital between January 1, 2022, and January 1, 2024. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected, including C-reactive protein (CRP) and albumin levels. CAR was calculated by dividing CRP levels (mg/dL) by albumin levels (g/L). The primary outcome was 30-day mortality. The prognostic performance of CAR was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results: Of the 312 patients included, 87 (27.9%) died within 30 days. The deceased group had significantly higher CAR values compared to survivors (1.18 ± 0.62 vs. 0.52 ± 0.25, p < 0.001). CAR demonstrated excellent discriminatory power for predicting 30-day mortality, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.837 (95% CI: 0.791–0.876, p < 0.001). At a cut-off value of >0.77, CAR achieved a sensitivity of 75.9% and a specificity of 86.7%. Deceased patients also exhibited significantly lower systolic and diastolic blood pressures, oxygen saturation, and albumin levels, along with higher CRP levels and respiratory rates. Comorbidities such as stroke and congestive heart failure were more prevalent in the deceased group compared to survivors. Conclusion: The C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio is a reliable prognostic marker for predicting 30-day mortality in CAP patients presenting to the ED. Its ease of calculation and strong discriminatory power make CAR a valuable tool for risk stratification and clinical decision-making. Prospective studies are warranted to confirm these findings in diverse populations.
