Gender norms and sociodemographic resources shape women's perceptions of intimate partner violence (IPV). Understanding these factors within primary care settings is essential for implementing context-specific screening and counseling practices. To examine the sociodemographic and generational correlates of women's gender role and IPV-related attitudes, and evaluate the predictors of actual lifetime IPV exposure, this study included 1091 women aged 18 years and older registered at training family health centers in Türkiye. Lifetime IPV exposure rates were substantial. More egalitarian and anti-violence attitudes were associated with higher education, formal employment, and younger generations. Lower education, low income, and relationship separation were stronger predictors of victimization than individual attitudinal scores, with older generational cohorts facing a much higher risk of economic violence. Women's attitudes toward IPV and actual vulnerability are grounded in generational shifts and individual-level resources that dictate relational power. In primary care, the high sub-clinical burden of non-physical violence emphasizes the need for proactive, direct questioning strategies to improve disclosure.
Freshwater fish invasions are major drivers of global ecological change, disrupting native biodiversity and ecosystem functions. However, many invasive fish hold significant socioeconomic value, resulting in conflict over their management. Centrarchidae, which are globally distributed and are important for sportfishing and aquaculture, are now potentially becoming a global threat. Yet, no comprehensive appraisal exists across taxa and regions integrating taxonomy, pathways, impacts and risk analysis for Centrarchidae. To address these gaps, we compiled published literature and leveraged publicly available databases to critically evaluate the current global status of non-native Centrarchidae, finding 30 species established outside their native ranges with 17 being outside of North America. Largemouth bass (Micropterus nigricans) and pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus) are the most widely introduced centrarchids. Reported impacts of Centrarchidae introduction are mostly ecological, with predation, competition, hybridisation, and disease transmission as major mechanisms. Conversely, socio-economic and cultural effects are underreported. Currently, only ten species have undergone rapid risk screening, with 90% flagged as high risk. However, risk analyses remain sparse, confounded by taxonomic uncertainties (including hybridisation) and context dependence of impacts. With the changing climate and other anthropogenic disturbances in freshwaters, habitat suitability is expanding for centrarchids. Although concerning, Centrarchidae form a highly human-mediated invasion complex with predictable pathways and tractable leverage points, so limiting propagule pressure and standardizing assessments can curb their future spread while informing balanced and evidence-based fisheries policy that reconciles socioeconomic benefits with environmental costs.
The leather sector generates substantial quantities of protein-rich residues, and converting these residues into value-added products is crucial for sustainability, environmental and human health, and the circular economy. For this purpose, collagen hydrolysate (CH) was produced from trimming residues of the leather sector via bromelain-mediated enzymatic hydrolysis, and films incorporating nano zinc oxide (ZnO) and Calendula officinalis L. (CO) essential oil were fabricated and subsequently characterized. In this study, prior to enhancing the functional properties of CH-based films, one of their primary limitationswater barrier performancewas addressed by producing CH/ZnO films containing 0-4% ZnO nanoparticles, identifying CH/ZnO2% as the optimal formulation; at this fixed ratio, CH/ZnO2% films were enriched with CO essential oil at 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% to prepare CH/ZnO/CO films, which were subsequently characterized. In general, the results show that CH/ZnO/CO-based environmentally friendly and sustainable films obtained from leather industry trimming wastes are promising in terms of applicability to packaging materials.
This study evaluates the multi-physical effects of fiber type, length, and dosage on the fresh properties, mechanical performance, and environmental impact of roller-compacted concrete (RCC). Industrial steel (S), polypropylene (PP), and waste steel (WS) fibers with lengths of 30 mm and 60 mm were incorporated into RCC mixtures at volume fractions ranging from 0% to 1.25%. The experimental program included Vebe consistency tests, mechanical strength assessments, and fracture energy measurements, complemented by a simplified cradle-to-gate Global Warming Potential (GWP) analysis. Furthermore, Taguchi and ANOVA methods were employed to statistically determine the hierarchy of influential parameters. The statistical analysis revealed that fiber dosage was the most dominant factor, contributing approximately 68-78% to the variation in compressive, splitting tensile, and flexural strengths, whereas fiber type governed the consistency. Experimentally, S and WS fibers significantly enhanced the post-cracking behavior and fracture energy compared to the brittle control mix, although they imposed a greater penalty on workability than PP fibers. Notably, at comparable dosages, WS fibers exhibited mechanical interlock and toughness performance nearly identical to industrial steel fibers. The environmental analysis demonstrated that replacing industrial steel fibers with WS fibers reduces the embodied carbon by approximately 240 kgCO2-eq/m3 at the maximum dosage, without compromising mechanical reliability. These findings suggest that waste steel fibers offer a superior performance-to-carbon ratio, making them a viable sustainable alternative for heavy-duty RCC pavements where crack control is prioritized.
Four series of composite films were prepared via solution casting using collagen hydrolysate (CH) derived from leather trimming waste with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and chitosan (CS) at a 50PVA/50CS ratio, and the optimal water barrier formulation (30PVA/30CS/40CH) was selected. Subsequently, five films based on the 30PVA/30CS/40CH formulation were prepared with varying lemon essential oil (LEO) ratios to evaluate their effects on film properties. Sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE) confirmed α- and β-chains typical of type I collagen and low-molecular-weight fractions in the obtained CH. Increasing CH up to 40
